Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a malignant clonal proliferative disease,which originates from multifunctional hematopoietic stem cells of bone marrow.Imatinib is used as the first-line treatment for CML currently,owing to its obvious curative effect for patients in chronic phase and survival time prolonged significantly for patients in accelerated phase and blast crisis.With the long-term application of imatinib in clinic,the drug resistance and intolerance gradually appear,resulting in decreased long-term effects of CML.This paper will review the current status of the pathogenesis and treatment of CML.

Objective To investigate the antithrombotic effects of polydatin.Methods Injection of arachidonic acid into mouse,electrically stimulated carotid artery and inferior vein ligation in rats were used to evaluate polydatins antithrombotic effects respectively.Results Polydatin presented obvious antithrombotic effects in three thrombotic models and showed a good dose-effect relationship.Conclusion It is suggested that polydatin has evident antithrombotic effects in artery,vein and micro-circulation.

The factors influencing public access to life science information were analyzed from its scope, cost, chan-nels, mechanisms and laws with suggestions put forward for the access to life science information without any barrier.

The possible relationship of vesicular glutamate transporters ( VGluT1 and VGluT2 ) - and 5-HT-like immunoreactive (LI) terminals with mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus (Vme) neurons in the rat was examined by using triple-immunofluorescence histochemistry and double-labeled electron microscopic immunohistochemistry. Under confocal laser-scanning microscope, many neuronal cell bodies of Vme showed phosphate-activated glutaminase (PAG) -LI and the vast majority of them were large pseudounipolar neurons. A considerable number of VGluT1 -LI and VGluT2-LI terminals were widely distributed in Vme, the density of VGluT2-LI terminals was higher than that of VGluT1-LI. 5-HT-LI axonal varicosities had dense distribution in Vme, and some 5-HT-LI terminals also showed immunoreactivity for VGluT2. Some VGluT1-LI, VGluT2-LI, 5-HT-LI and VGluT2/5-HT-LI terminals were frequently observed in close apposition to the cell bodies of Vme neurons showing PAG-LI. Under electron microscope, VGluT1/VGluT2-LI and 5-HT-LI were visualized with silver grains and peroxidase products, respectively. Some terminals in Vme showed both VGluT2- and 5-HT-LI, these dual labeled varicosities usually made asymmetric contact with Vme neurons. Synaptic terminals that showed VGluT1-LI was also observed, but no coexpression of VGluT1 and 5-HT was found in Vme. The present results suggest that in the transmission of the proprioceptive sensory information from the orofacial regions to the higher center, glutamate and 5-HT may play important roles on the regulation of Vme neurons through complicated integration.

Objective To compare open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) and minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis (MIPPO) in the operative treatment of complicated proximal humeral fractures.Methods From January 2014 to October 2015,55 complicated proximal humeral fractures were treated at our department.They were 32 men and 23 women,from 21 to 81 years of age (average,51 years).According to Neer classification,34 cases belonged to three-part fractures and 21 ones to four-part fractures,14 of which were complicated with dislocation.Of them,35 received ORIF and 20 underwent MIPPO.The 2 groups were compared in terms of operation time,intraoperative blood loss,incision length and Neer scoring of the shoulder function at the final follow-ups.The 2 groups were compatible without significant differences in preoperative demographic data (P ＞ 0.05).Results The 55 patients were followed up for 6 to 12 months(mean,9 months).The operation time (100.5 ± 10.2 min),intraoperative blood loss (80.0 ± 10.5 mL),and incision length (7.5 ± 3.2 cm) in the MIPPO group were significantly better than those in the ORIF group (120.0±10.1 min,200.5±10.2mL,and10.5±5.3cm,respectively) (P ＜0.05).According to the Neer scoring of the shoulder function at the final follow-ups,the good to excellent rate was 71.4％ (25/35) in the ORIF group and 85.0％ (17/20) in the MIPPO group,showing a significant difference (P ＜ O.05).The incidence of humeral head necrosis was 15 in the ORIF group,significantly higher than that (3) in the MIPPO group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion In treatment of complex proximal humeral fractures,compared with ORIF,MIPPO may lead to less damage to local blood supply,less trauma,and quicker functional recovery due to early functional exercise.

Objective To investigate the protective effects of ursolic acid (UA) on global cerebral ischemic-reperfusion injury in rats.MethodsThe experimental rats were divided into the sham operation group, the model group, the UA low, medium and high dose groups, 20 in each group. Except the rats in the sham operation group, the rats in other groups were dealed by four arteries occlusion to made global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model. The rats in the UA low, medium, high dose groups were given UA as 40, 80, 120 mg/kg immediately after the occlusion line was inserted; the rats in the sham operation group and the model group were given equal-volume saline. And 6 hours later, the recovery time of righting reflex and electrical activity of brain were recorded, water content of the brain were evaluated, and the activity of LDH, MDA, SOD, CAT in brain tissue were determined; the inflammatory cytokines content of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 were determined by ELISA. Results Compared with the model group, the recovery time of righting reflex (20.6 ± 7.2 min, 18.2 ± 6.9 min vs. 27.3 ± 8.8 min) and electrical activity of brain (16.2 ± 5.8 min, 14.9 ± 5.6 min vs.24.1 ± 7.2 min) of the UA medium and high dose groups were shortened (P<0.05 orP<0.01); the water content were significantly decreased (79.0% ± 0.7%, 78.6% ± 0.5%vs. 80.7% ± 0.9%;P<0.05 orP<0.01); the activity of SOD (158.5 ± 8.4 U/mg, 165.4 ± 9.0 U/mgvs. 143.0 ± 7.1 U/mg), CAT (3.3 ± 1.4 U/mg, 3.9 ± 1.5 U/mgvs. 2.4 ± 0.9 U/mg) in brain tissue of the UA medium and the high dose groups were significantly improved; the content of LDH (16.0 ± 2.6 mmol/g, 18.4 ± 2.8 mmol/gvs. 12.4 ± 1.9 mmol/g) were significantly increased; the content of MDA (18.6 ± 2.8μmol/g, 17.2 ± 2.4μmol/gvs. 24.9 ± 3.4μmol/g), TNF-α (45.8 ± 6.3 nmol/L, 40.1 ± 5.6 nmol/Lvs. 56.3 ± 7.2 nmol/L), IL-6 (187.2 ± 18.5 nmol/L, 136.8 ± 15.7 nmol/Lvs. 238.4 ± 22.9 nmol/L) were significantly decreased, and the content of IL-1β in UA 120 mg/kg treated group was significantly decreased (713.6 ± 56.3 nmol/L vs. 915.7 ± 70.5 nmol/L;P<0.05 orP<0.01).Conclusion UA can effectively promote righting reflex and EEG recovery, reduce brain water content, which perhaps related with its pharmacological effects of enhanceing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, lower oxidative stress, and inhibit inflammation.

Cognitive function is an important part of non-motor function of the cerebellum. The cerebellum is involved in cognition and has a variety of cognitive functions, including working memory function, language function, spatial cognitive function (spatial processing and spatial memory), and temporal cognitive function (time perception and time processing), etc. This article reviewed recent advances in these aspects of cognitive function of the cerebellum.

Anastomotic leakage is a serious complication in colorectal surgery;The healing of intestine is still the hot spot of current research.Methods of estimating intestinal healing mainly include mechanical,biochemical,immunohistochemical and hitological Method.The estimating parameters mainly Comprise bursting pressure,breaking strength,the amount of collangen and matrix metalloproteinase(MMP),and the scale for histology.The measurement of collagen and MMP is the nost import ant index for estimating healing of intestinal anastomoses.Collagen is the most abundant extracellular matrix protein that determines the mechanical stability of the connective tissue during wound healing.Collagen degradation is usually the result of the synergistic action of several MMPs.

Punicalin is an important ellagic tannin in Pericarpium Granati with the pharmacological effects such as antioxidation,anti-bacteria,antivirus and anti-inflammation.The studies on Pericarpium Granati at home and abroad were reviewed in the paper,and the extraction,separation,content determination,pharmacological activities and metabolism of punicalin were also summarized to provide theoretical basis for the development and application of punicalin.

The formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm on the surface of medical biomaterials may resist the antibiotics treatment and cause chronic infection,which has become a research focus in recent years.Multiple genes constitute complex regulatory network which affect the biofilm formation,and play different roles in the different stages of biofilm formation.Accessory gene regulator (agr) is one of the most important genes in the process of biofilm formation.The process of bacterial biofilm formation,research status of regulation mechanism of agr system and its related genes in the formation of biofilm are reviewed,to provide reference of using agr as a target for the treatment of staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm related infections.