Objective To evaluate the clinical effects and safety of Er:YAG fractional laser for facial rejuvenation.Methods Altogether 559 patients aged from 32 to 58 years old with obvious pigmentary lesions and wrinkles in the face were given 2 courses of restoration treatment with the Pixel Er:YAG fractional laser.The patients paid a return visit a month later after the last treatment.With the results of clinical observation and photograph-based comparison,the therapeutic effects were graded by disappearance of pigmentary lesions and elimination of facial wrinkles.Complications such as hyperpigmentation,depigmentation and hyperplastic scar were observed.Results Among the 559 patients, there were 103 cases (18.4%) of slight effect, 378 cases (67.6%) of moderate effect, and 78 cases (14%) of excellent effect,with the total effective rate of 100% and a satisfactory rate of 81.6%.The was no complication such as hyperpigmentation,depigmentation and hyperplastic scar occurred.Effective maintaining rate within 6 months was 67%.Conclusion Er:YAG fractional laser is safe and effective for facial rejuvenation and worthy of promotion.

Objective To observe the 3 years or more effects on optical correction,refraction,and orthokeratology with rigid gas permeable contact lens(RGPCL) wearing in patients with keratoconus.Design Retrospective case series.Participant 73 keratoconus patients(136 eyes) fitted with RGPCL.Methods Patients wearing RGPCL for 3 years or more in Peking University Optometry & Ophthalmology Center were observed.Correct visual acuity was determined before and at 1,2 and 3 years of lens wearing,and the refractive power,corneal curvature,corneal astigmatism and corneal morphological changes were measured with auto-refractomer/keratometer and keratoconus screening analysis system of computer-assisted corneal topography at the same time.The changes of base curve and RGPCL power were also compared.All patients were divided into mild keratoconus group(Group A),moderate and severe keratoconus group (Group B).Main Outcome Measures Visual acuity,refractive power,base curve of RGPCL,corneal topography parameters.Results The patients wore RGPCL for 49.3?15.3 months(36-76 months).At the initial visit,uncorrected visual acuity(UVA) was 3.76?0.45, corrected visual acuity with spectacles(SPVA) was 4.57?0.53,and with RGPCL(RGPVA) was 4.89?0.14.RGPVA was improved significantly (F=171.994,P=0.000).RGPVA at last visit(4.95?0.11) was better than that at initial visit(t=-6.733,P=0.000),which was more significant in group B than that in group A.The rate for RGPVA more than 0.8 at the initial,1 year,2 years and 3 years of lens wearing was 85.13%,86.76%,85.60%and 84.62%respectively.At the initial visit and last visit,the myopia diopters and the corneal astigmatism were 7.13?4.01D vs.6.23?3.42D(P=0.014) and 6.23?3.24D vs.4.42?2.34D(P=0.000) respectively.The RGPCL base curve and lens power were 7.38?0.50 mm vs.7.54?0.42 mm(P=0.000),and -6.22?3.59 D vs.-5.33?3.09 D(P=0.000) respectively. The changes of power and base curve of lens in group B were more significant than that in group A.The decrease of 9 corneal topography parameters between initial visit and last visit was significant statistically(all P

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of nonablative radiofrequency in facial rejuvenation.Methods A total of 198 patients with facial skin relaxing or wrinkles in the 153rd Central Hospital of PLA from July 2010 to March 2015 were treated with nonablative radiofrequency,of which 42 cases were male,156 cases were female,the ages were from 30 to 60 years old,Fitzpatrick skin type was Ⅲ~Ⅳ.The nonablative radiofrequency were performed in all the patients.Output:Monopolar RF 90~110W,Bipolar RF 40~45W,Periorbital RF 40~50W.The total course of treatment had 6 times with a fixed 10-day interval after each therapy.Results In 198 facial skin aging patients,the total effective rate was more than 90%,the half-year effective maintenance rate was more than 70%.Complications included slight oedema and mild erythema that were minor and transitory.Side effects such as post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation,epidermal burns and scar formation were not observed.Conclusion The nonablative radiofrequency is safe and effect on facial rejuvenation with less complications.

Objective To explore the expression of high selective A receptor of endothelin-1 (ETA-R) in melanocytes from normal human beings. Methods Normal human melanocytes were cultured and mR-NA expression of ETA-R in melanocytes was measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Results The mRNA expression of ETA-R was seen in melanocytes. Conclusion This study combined with other experiments suggests that endothelin-1 may affect melanocytes by high selective ETA-R which may con-tribute to the pathogenesis of vitiligo.

Varied TCM constitutions in the patient of acute cerebral infarction were classifyed by using HLA - DQAl allehc gene to analyze hereditary susceptibility of constitution types and relation among constitution, syndrome and treatment. PCR-SSP technique was used for classification of Yin - deficiency Yang - deficiency, Qi - deficiency, phlegm - dampness and blood stasis constitution in 103 cases of acute cerebral infarction and HLA - DQAl allelic gene was used for gent classification in 99 cases of nomal constituion. Results indicated that HLA -DQA * 0501 gene type in Yin -deficiency constitution was significant higher than that of normal constitution CP

Objective: To understand the awareness of palliative care and its influencing factors in community residents in Hangzhou,so as to provide basis for the development of palliative care service. Methods: By convenient sampling method,the residents in the urban-rural junction of Xihu District were recruited. A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate their awareness of palliative care. The logistic regression model was employed to analyze the influencing factors. Results : A total of 519 questionnaires were recovered,with a response rate of 97.92%. There were 227 males and 292 females,accounting for 43.74% and 56.26%,respectively. There were 43,218 and 258 residents with more,basic and little understanding about palliative care, accounting for 8.29%,42.00% and 49.71%. The residents learned about palliative care mainly through television and radio,with 245 cases accounting for 47.21%;and they thought that the main reason for low awareness of palliative care was a lack of related knowledge,with 396 cases accounting for 76.30%. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that 50-59 years old（OR = 0.467,95% CI：0.285-0.767）,primary school education and below（OR = 2.248,95%CI：1.239-4.079）and experience of caring for dying patients（OR = 1.551,95% CI：1.094-2.199）were the influencing factors for the awareness of palliative care. Conclusion The residents in Hangzhou had relatively low awareness of palliative care,which were associated with age,education level and experience of caring for dying patients.

This study measured the in vitro inhibitory effects of α-amylase(AM), α-glycosidase(AG)and aldose reductase(AR)extraction from Potentilla fruticosa in three solvents: water extract(WE)and 95% methanol extraction of petroleum ether part(MEP), 95% methanol extraction of ethyl acetate part(MEE)and 95% methanol extraction of water part(MEW)through α-amylase inhibitors(AMI), α-glycosidase inhibitors(AGI)and aldose reductase inhibitors(ARI)activity screening models. In vivo effects of different solvents from Potentilla fruticosa on impaired glucose tolerance of mice were also measured. Among them, WE, MEP and MEE exhibited against AMI activity with IC50 values of 0. 432, 1. 193 and 0. 507 mg/mL, respectively. Three solvents against AGI activity with IC50 values of 0. 164, 0. 768 and 0. 466 mg/mL, respectively. Three solvents against ARI activity with IC50 values of 0. 742, 2. 158 and 1. 098 mg/mL, respectively. The study suggests that Potentilla fruticosa in water extract and 95% methanol extraction of ethyl acetate part demonstrated a stronger inhibitory effect on AM, AG and AR. Meanwhile, Potentilla fruticosa in water extract and 95% methanol extraction of ethyl acetate part can be significantly decreased the postprandial blood glucose in mice.

Cohort study is one of the important research methods in analytical epidemiology because of its clear time sequence relationship, which is better than other observational studies in demonstrating causal association. However, screening diagnosis or other methods are often used to exclude the individuals with outcome events during the enrollment process of the subjects in cohort studies. The accuracy of screening diagnosis and the effectiveness of exclusion will affect the accuracy of the baseline status assessment of the subjects included in the study, which may lead to the causal time sequence reversal of exposure-outcome in the estimation of causal effect. Landmark analysis can be used to control reverse causality by excluding subjects with potentially unknown expose-outcome timing. In this paper, we describe the basic principles and analytical steps of landmark analysis, and use data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey to explore the relationship between physical activity and frailty, and introduce the specific application of landmark analysis for the purpose of facilitating its application and inferring causal effects more accurately in cohort studies.

With completing a baseline survey of a large natural population cohort, conducting regular follow-up has become a key factor in further improving the quality of cohort construction and ensuring its sustainable development. Typical cohort follow-up methods include repeat surveys, routine monitoring, and community-oriented surveillance. However, in practical applications, there are often issues such as high costs, difficulty, and high error rates. Telephone follow-up is an important supplementary method to the methods mentioned above, as it has the characteristics of low cost, fast response, and high quality. However, the with difficult organization, quality control is challenging, response rates are low, and management levels vary widely, which limits its widespread use in large-scale population cohort studies. Given the above problems, this study draws on customer relationship management based on the actual needs of the China Northwest Cohort follow-up. It relies on the REDCap electronic data collection platform to build a telephone follow-up management and quality control system. Targeted solutions are provided for key issues in telephone follow-up implementation, including organizational structure, project management, data collection, and process quality control, to improve the quality control level of telephone follow-up comprehensively and thereby enhance the quality and efficiency of follow-up. We hope to provide standardized follow-up programs and efficient quality control tools for newly established and existing cohort studies.

Objective: To evaluate the performence of GeneXpert MTB/RIF and BACTEC-MGIT 960 on detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance for pneumoconiosis-associated tuberculosis patients. Methods: The recruited 133 suspected active pneumoconiosis-associated tuberculosis hospitalized cases, morning sputum samples were collected to do modified L-J culture, conventional proportion method drug susceptibility test, GeneXpert MTB/RIF and BACTEC-MGIT 960. Analyze the sensitivity and specificity of the 133 sputum from patients, the positive rates of patients with tuberculosis in GeneXpert MTB/RIF test, BACTEC-MGIT 960 and modified L-J culture were 37.59%, 34.59% and 30.08% respectively. There was no significant difference among the three tests respectively (P>0.05) . According to the modified L-J culture, the sensitivity of GeneXpert MTB/RIF and BACTEC-MGIT 960 in detecting tuberculosis were 92.5% and 95.0% respectively, and specificity in rifampicin resistance were 86.0% and 91.4% respectively. There was no significant difference between GeneXpert MTB/RIF and BACTEC-MGIT 960 (P>0.05) . According to conventional proportion method drug susceptibility test, the sensitivity of GeneXpert MTB/RIF and BACTEC-MGIT 960 in detecting rifampicin resistance were 90.0% and 100%, and specificity were 92.6% and 96.4%. There was no significant difference between GeneXpert MTB/RIF and BACTEC-MGIT 960 (P>0.05) . Conclusion The GeneXpert MTB/RIF has good performence of detecting tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance. It has good application value among pneumoconiosis-associated tuberculosis patients.