Objective To investigate the current situation and relevant factors related to the onset of Keshan disease (KSD) in Ju County of Shandong Province.Methods In 2012,one natural village was selected by means of random number table as the investigating site in Qishan,Anzhuang and Longshan towns,respectively,in KSD endemic areas of Ju County.Permanent residents of all age groups were taken as observation subjects.Then,clinical examination including electrocardiography (ECG) and X-ray for suspected patients was carried out.Fifteen hair samples were collected in every investigating site for detecting selenium content by fluorescence method.At the same time,economic income and per capita share of grain were investigated.Results There were 925 residents investigated in the 3 investigation sites and 27 cases of KSD were found; the total incidence rate was 2.92％.Among the 925 residents investigated,158 cases showed abnormal ECG,and total incidence of abnormal ECG was 17.08％.Among 11 X-ray films,5 cases of cardiac enlargement were found.The selenium content of hair was (0.430 ± 0.062) mg/kg; the average economic income was 9 561 yuan,and the per capita share of grain was 820 kg.Conclusions The incidence rate of KSD in Ju County is low and steady.Keshan disease is controlled in Ju County.