ObjectiveTo summarize the experience of gastric D2 operation and evaluate the feasibility and safety of peripheral vascular choroid of lymph node dissection.Methods A retrospective study was adopted to analyze the redical D2 operation procedure and operation results 24 advanced gastric cancer cases,summarizing the experience of D2 radical gastrectomy operation for gastric cancer.The number of resected lymph nodes,operation bleeding volume,postoperative complications were analyzed to evaluate the feasibility and safety of operation.Results All 24 cases undergoing D2 radical gastrectomy operation of advanced gastric cancer were successful,and got the R0 resection.A total of 634 lymph nodes were excised in all the cases,averaged 26.42.A totle of 206 metastatic lymph nodes were found,metastasis rate being 32.49％.Operation bleeding volume was averaged 264.58 mL.The postoperative complication rate was 25％,anastomotic bleeding in 1 case,input loop jejunum fistula of esophageal jejunum anastomosis in 1 case,hyperamylasemia and 2 cases reflux esophagitis in 2 cases respectively.Conclusions D2 radical gastrectomy operation of gastric cancer is safe and feasible on the basis of mastering perigastric anatomy and master of lymph node excision technology and anatomical hierarchy separation.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the inhibitive effect of pirenzepine on form deprivation myopia in guinea pigs and to explore the mechanism of Smad3 signaling pathway and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in the inhibition of myopia by pirenzepine. METHODS: Forty 1-week-old guinea pigs of either sex were randomly divided into 4 groups: a control group (Group I), a form deprivation group (Group II), a pirenzepine ophthalmic solution group (Group III), and a sodium chloride ophthalmic solution group (Group IV). Translucent blinders were used in the right eyes of Group II, III and IV. The left eyes were not given any treatment as the normal control group. Covered eyes of Group III and IV were given 3% pirenzepine ophthalmic solution and 0.1% azone ophthalmic solution respectively twice every day. Six weeks later, refraction and axial length were measured at the end of the experiment, and immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to analyze the expression levels of Smad3 and CTGF in the sclera of all 4 groups. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between Group III and I in relative refraction and changes of axial length (P>0.05). The difference of Group II and IV compared with Group I was statistically significant (P<0.05). The number of Smad3 and CTGF positive cells in the sclera between Group III and I was not significantly different (P>0.05), while the difference in Group II, IV and I was significant (P<0.05). Western blot showed that the expression levels of Smad3 and CTGF in Group II and IV were much lower than those in Group I (P<0.05), but not evident in Group III and I (P>0.05). CONCLUSION Pirenzepine ophthalmic solution can inhibit the development of form deprivation myopia. Pirenzepine may affect Smad3 signaling pathway in the sclera by inhibiting the development of form deprivation myopia.
Animals ; Connective Tissue Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Guinea Pigs ; Humans ; Muscarinic Antagonists ; administration & dosage ; Myopia ; prevention & control ; Pirenzepine ; administration & dosage ; Random Allocation ; Sensory Deprivation ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; Smad3 Protein ; metabolism

Sjögren′s syndrome lacks a single and objective diagnostic index, and its diagnosis often requires comprehensive analysis according to classification criteria. With increasing research and a deepening understanding of the disease, the classification criteria are constantly being adjusted and revised. The sensitivity and specificity of the diagnosis have gradually improved, which has the value of diagnostic criteria largely. Since 1965, more than ten diagnostic criterias for Sjögren′s syndrome have been published. After debate and experience, international criteria with wide applicability have gradually replaced regional criteria. In the evolution of the diagnostic criteria, the diagnostic rules and evaluation methods have become more concise and unified. Techniques with poor specificity and operative difficulty, which are not easy to popularize or apply in the clinic, have gradually been eliminated. A diagnostic system based on an objective examination and subjective symptoms has gradually formed, and lip gland biopsy and serum autoantibody sampling have demonstrated great diagnostic value. The optimization of diagnostic rules makes the diagnosis of this disease more efficient and scientific. This paper reviews the characteristics of and differences in diagnostic criteria for Sjögren′s syndrome and analyzes the internal logic of the evolution of different diagnostic criteria in light of development in research on the disease with the hope of benefitting the diagnosis, treatment and related research of Sjögren′s syndrome.

The 4th edition of WHO Classification of Head and Neck Tumours has been published in Jan. 2017. In Chapter 8 ‘Odontogenic and maxillofacial bone tumours’, the classification of odontogenic tumors was recomposed from the previous edition in 2005. In this paper, we introduced the modification of odontogenic tumors classification between 2017 and 2005 in a comprehensive discussion.

At present, implant surgery robots have basically achieved "surgical intelligence", but "brain-inspired intelligence" of robots is still in the stage of theory and exploration. The formulation of a clinical implantation plan depends on the timing of implantation, implantation area, bone condition, surgical procedure, patient factors, etc., which need to evaluate the corresponding clinical decision indicators and clinical pathways. Inspired by evidence-based medicine and the potential of big data and deep learning, combined with the data characteristics of clinical decision indicators and clinical pathways that can be quantitatively or qualitatively analyzed, this review simulates the cognitive behavior and neural mechanisms of the human brain and proposes a feasible brain-inspired intelligence scheme by predicting the decision indices and executing clinical pathways intelligently, that is, "select clinical indicators and clarify clinical pathways -- construct database -- use deep learning to intelligently predict decision indicators -- intelligent execution of clinical pathways -- brain-inspired intelligence of implant decision-making". Combined with the previous research results of our team, this review also describes the process of realization of brain-inspired intelligence for immediate implant timing decisions, providing an example of the comprehensive realization of brain-inspired intelligence of implant surgery robots in the future. In the future, how to excavate and summarize other clinical decision factors and select the best way to realize the automatic prediction of evidence-based clinical indicators and pathways and finally realize the complete intellectualization of clinical diagnosis and treatment processes will be one of the directions that dental clinicians need to strive for.