Objective To investigate the effect of Scutellaria baicalensis stem-leaf total flavonoids(SSTF) on blood glucose,blood lipid levels and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic rats with hyperlipidemia,and to explore the possible therapeutic mechanism. Methods Experimental rat model was established by feeding high-fat diet and intraperitoneal injection of small-dose streptozotocin. The effects of SSTF on blood glucose,blood lipid,insulin sensitive index(ISI) and antioxidative capacity of experimental rat model were investigated. Results SSTF significantly reduced the serum fasting blood glucose(FBG),total cholesterol(TC),and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) levels,increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) level and ISI,and reduced triglyceride(TG) level to some extent. SSTF also had an effect on decreasing malondialdehyde(MDA) content in both serum and liver tissue,increasing serum superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity significantly and glutathione(GSH) content to some extent. Conclusion SSTF have significant effect on decreasing blood glucose and blood lipid and improving insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic rats with hyperlipidemia. Its therapeutic mechanism may be related to the antioxidation function.

Objective To investigate the effect of Scutellaria baicalensis stem-leaf total flavonoids(SSTF)on lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemia rats.Methods On the basis of establishing hyperlipidemia rat model,blood and liver lipids,lipid metabolic enzyme,and the amount of fecal bile acids were investigated after feeding of fatty emulsion for 30 days.Results Compared to the model group,SSTF significantly reduced the serum levels of total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),and increased high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),increased the activity of lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase(LCAT).SSTF also showed the effect on decreasing liver TC,TG and increasing the amount of fecal bile acids.Conclusion SSTF have an effect on decreasing lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemia rats,and the possible mechanism is associated to the increase of LCAT activity and fecal bile acids excretion.

AIM: To investigate the protective effects of the total paeony glycoside(TPG) on the focal cerebral ischemia and regional cerebral blood flow(rCBF) in rats. METHOD: The rat model of focal cerebral ischemia was made by middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO) with nylon suture.TPG was injected into every group rats once a day before 48 h,and injected before MCAO 30 min and after 4 h,12 h.After 24 h the effects of the drug were studied about neurological deficit,the water content of brain tissue,the cerebral infarcted zone,under microscopic examination,as well as rCBF on each rat with laser Doppler fiowmeter(LDF). RESULTS: The sympton of brain ischemia was obvious in model rats by contrast to the sham rats,and the model rats rCBF decreased markedly after MCAO.50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg TPG injection could obviously promote neurological deficit,decrease the water content of brain tissue and the cerebral infarcted zone.And the pathological slices also proved its protective effect on neuron.The laser Doppler flowmeter detected result indicated that 100 mg/kg TPG inject could greatly increase MCAO rats rCBF. CONCLUSIONS: TPG injection has a marked prospective activity on rat focal brain ischemia in rats,and the increase of rCBF may be one of the protection mechanism.

Objective:To evaluate the cough-settling, phlegm-dispelling and panting-calming actions of Ginkgo Distillate. Methods: The cough-settling and phlegm-dispelling effects were observed on the ammonia water-induced cough model of mice and phenol red expectoration method. The panting-calming effect was observed by wheezing and panting incubation period and relaxation test of isolated tracheal smooth muscle. Results: Ginkgo Distillate could inhibit mouse cough induced by ammonia water, promote mouse tracheal expectoration induced by phenol red, remit the wheezing and panting induced by histamine phosphate, prolong the wheezing and panting incubation period. It also possessed the inhibition on guinea pig tracheal contraction induced by histamine phosphate. Conclusions: Ginkgo Distillate has the cough-settling, phlegm-dispelling and panting-calming actions.

Objective: To evaluate the pharmacological actions on blood quickening and stasistransforming of Gongqing Granules (Herba Leonuri, Herba Portulacae, Pollen Typhae, etc).Methods:Fibrinolysin dissolving, blood stagnation model induced by adrenaline hydrochloride, natural bleeding, capillary coagulation.Results: Gongqing Granules could obviously increase whole blood and plasma viscosities and packed cell volume, and obviously shorten the time of fibrionolysin dissolving. It showed no evident effect on the time of bleeding in mice and could shorten the time of capllary blood coagulation in rats.Conclusion: Gongqing Granules has strong actions of blood quickening and stasis transforming.

A cold saponification method for determination of 5 lutein stereoisomers in dairy products by high performance liquid chromatography ( HPLC ) was developed. Samples were cold-saponified at room temperature and extracted by n-hexane/petroleum/dichloromethane ( 2: 2: 1 , V/V/V ) . Then 5 lutein stereoisomers were separated on a YMC C30 column with gradient elution using methanol/methyl tert-butyl ether as the mobile phase, and data were acquired by a photodiode array detector at wavelength of 445 nm. The calibration curve was linear in the range of 0 . 127-5 . 082 mg/L with correlation coefficient of 0 . 9999 , and the recoveries were from 96 . 7% to 102 . 2% with the RSDs in the range of 4 . 1%-5 . 4% ( n=6 ) . The limit of detection was 0 . 010 μg/g ( S/N=3 ) , and the limit of quantification was 0 . 030 μg/g ( S/N=10 ) . By presenting results of good accuracy, precision and sensitivity, this method validates its suitability for routine analysis of 5 lutein stereoisomers in dairy products.

Objective To study the relation of esophageal motility and acid reflux between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) patients with and without esophageal injury.Methods A total of 25 patients who met the GERD diagnosis criteria were conducted esophageal-gastric-duodenal endoscopy examination and followed with high-resolution esophageal manometry.The changes of esophageal pH postprandial were also detected.The differences of esophageal motility and acid reflux time between GERD patients with and without esophageal injury were compared.Patients were divided into non-acid reflux group and acid reflux group according to DeMeester score.The changes of esophageal motility indexes of these two groups were compared.Wilcoxon test and t test were used for statistical analysis.Results There was no significant difference in baseline value of lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure,remained LES pressure,speed of the esophageal peristalsis,the time of esophageal pH＜4 and DeMeester score between groups with and without esophageal injury (all P＞0.05).But esophageal contraction amplitude of group with esophageal injury was lower than that of group without esophageal injury (31.9 mm Hg vs 64.2 mm Hg,1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa,Z=-2.37,P=0.02).There was no significant difference in baseline value of LES pressure,remained LES pressure,speed of the esophageal peristalsis between acid reflux group and non acid reflux group (all P＞0.05).But the esophageal contraction amplitude of acid reflux group was lower than that of non acid reflux group (36.4 mm Hg vs 71.8 mm Hg,Z=-2.25,P=0.02).Conclusions There was no significant correlation between the LES pressure and esophageal acid reflux with esophageal injury in GERD patients.Esophageal peristalic contraction may be associated with esophageal injury and acid reflux.

OBJECTIVETo determine the effects and related mechanism of Scutellaria baicalensis stem-leaf total flavonoid (SSTF) on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) proliferation induced by high triglyceride blood serum (HTG).

METHODVSMCs isolated from rat aorta were cultured in vitro and proliferation was stimulated by HTG, SSTF was added to influence the proliferation of VSMCs. The proliferation and cell cycle of VSMCs were determined by MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. CO released into the culture media was quantitated by measuring carbon monoxide hemoglobin (COHb). The protein expressions of HO-1 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK/p-ERK) were detected by Western blot analysis.

RESULT500 mg x L(-1) SSTF could obviously suppress the cell multiplication by HTG's induction, remarkably increase the production of COHb in VSMCs, obviously suppresse the mitotic cycle progress of VSMCs (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), in the time and dosage dependence. Furthermore, 500 mg x L(-1) SSTF remarkably declined the ERK/p-ERK protein expression (P < 0.01), but did not have the influence on the HO-1 protein's expression.

CONCLUSIONSSTF inhibited the proliferation of VSMCs directly by blocking cell cycle progression, and the ERK signal transduction way possibly participated in the cytoprotection of SSTF.

Animals ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cricetinae ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Flavonoids ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression ; drug effects ; Male ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Scutellaria baicalensis ; chemistry ; Triglycerides ; blood ; pharmacology

Objective: To conduct retrospective analysis of clinical features of patients with ulcerative colitis in JiangsuProvince Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) . Methods: Ulcerative colitis medical records in jiangsuprovince hospital of TCM were selected and used to retrospectively analyze the feature such as gender, age, course of thedisease, clinical type, stage, severity, and pathological parts. Results: The study include 290 cases of male and 235 casesof female with the ratio of 1.2:1. Peak incidence was between 20 to 60 years old. Dietary factor was the most commoncause, followed by fatigue, environment, medicine and emotional factors. There were 28 (5.33％) patients at remissionstage, and 497 (94.67％) patients at active stage. In patients at active stage, there were 78 (15.69％) patients newlydiagnosed, and 419 (84.31％) patients with chronic recurrent type. There 92 (18.51％) rectum type patients, 156 (31.39％) left half colon type patients and 249 (50.10％) extensive colon type patients. There were 275 (55.33％) mild patients, 149 (29.98％) moderate patients and 73 (14.69％) severe patients. The main symptoms were bloody purulent stool, diarrheaand abdominal pain. There were 375 (71.43％) patients with bloody purulent stool, and symptom disappearance rate was89.07％ after treatment. There were 335 (63.81％) patients with diarrhea, and symptom disappearance rate was 71.64％after treatment. There were 319 (60.76％) patients with abdominal pain, and symptom disappearance rate was 85.89％after treatment. There were 3 cases of complications. Drug therapy was mainly based on integrated Chinese and westernmedicine (86.29％) . For Chinese medicine treatment, there were 453 patients (87.45％) with oral Chinese medicine, 401 patients (77.41％) with Chinese medicine enema, and 10 patients (1.93％) with foot bath. For western medicine treatment, there were 392 patients (75.68％) treated with oral amino salicylate drugs, 100 patients (19.31％) with anal used aminosalicylate drugs, 88 patients (16.99％) with glucocorticoid, 18 patients (3.47％) with immunosuppressive agent and 441 patients (85.14％) with microecological preparation. Conclusion: The types of ulcerative colitis patients in our hospitalwere mainly chronic recurrent type at active stage with mild to moderate and extensive colon type. The treatment wasmainly based on integrated Chinese and western medicine, with significant improvement in symptoms of bloody purulentstool, diarrhea and abdominal pain. 99.61％ patients were discharged with a better condition

This study was aimed to discover core agent for the treatment of ulcerative colitis and explore the medication rules . A total of 525 ulcerative colitis medical records in the Jiangsu Province Hospital of TCM were selected from 2009 to 2013 . The records were input into the structured information acquisition system of clinical diagnosis and treatment . The complex network analysis was used to analyze core drugs of prescription and drug compatibility after data mining and rule processing . The results showed that the core drugs are Diyu , Huanglian, Muxiang, Baishao, Xianhecao, Danggui, Chaobaizhu, Huangqin, Zicao, Yiyiren, Fuling, Shanyao. It was concluded that data mining can be an objective method in the analysis of core drugs and compatibility in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. It can also be used to guide the clinical prescription medication.