Objective To investigate the risk factors of adverse pregnancy outcome of women in China by Meta analysis.Methods Meta analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of adverse pregnancy outcomes from January 2010 to January 2015.According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,124 articles were retrieved,and 38 articles were excluded.14 papers were included in this study.Results There was strong correlation between fetal abnormalities and adverse pregnancy outcomes.And the maternal history of abortion and adverse pregnancy outcomes were not related.There was strong association between multiple pregnancy,syphilis infection and adverse pregnancy outcome,and there was moderate correlation between the high blood pressure in pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcome.Abnormal fetal position,the OR value was 3.48 (2.70 -4.43),history of abortion OR value was 1.14 (0.90 -91.44),gestational hypertension OR value was 2.88 (1.69 -4.92),multiple births OR value was 6.40 (2.05 -20.01),syphilis OR value was 5.54 (1.64 -18.64).Conclusion The risk factors of adverse pregnancy outcomes from strong to weak are as follows:multifetal pregnancy,syphilis infection,abnormal fetal position and hyper-tensive disorder complicating pregnancy.

Objective To investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine on global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats.Methods Fifty-four adult male SD rats weighing 200-250 g were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =18 each): shame operation group (group S),global cerebral I/R group (group I/R) and dexmedetomidine group (group D).Global cerebral I/R was produced by occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries combined with hypotension (MAP maintained at 35-45 mm Hg).In group D dexmedetomidine 3 μg/kg was injected iv immediately after I/R,followed by infusion of dexmedetomidine at a rate of 3 μg· kg- 1 · h- 1 until 2 h of reperfusion.The neurological deficit score (NDS) was assessed (0 =normal,100 =brain death) at 6 h (T1),24 h (T2)and 72 h (T3) of reperfusion.Then six rats were sacrificed in each group and brain tissues were removed for microscopic examination of hippocampus CA1 region and determination of activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO),contents of TNF-α and IL-1β and expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein ( GFAP).Results Compared with group S,NDS,MPO activity and the contents of TNF-α and IL-1β at T1-3 were significantly increased,the expression of GFAP was up-regulated at T2,3 in groups I/R and D ( P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01).Compared with group I/R,NDS,MPO activity and TNF-α concent were significantly decreased at T1-3,IL-1β concent was decreased at T1,2,the expression of GFAP was down-regulated at T2,3 in group D (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01 ).The pathologic changes were significantly attenuated in group D as compared with group I/R.Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can attenuate global cerebral I/R injury in rats,and the inhibition of inflammatory response may be involved in the mechanism.

Objective To evaluate the effects of dexmedetomidine on the permeability of blood-brain barrier in rats subjected to global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R).Methods Thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 250-300 g,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =12 each):sham operation group (group S),global cerebral I/R group (group I/R) and dexmedetomidine group (group D).Global cerebral I/R was induced by occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries combined with hypotension (MAP was maintained at 35-45 mm Hg) in anesthetized rats.In group D,dexmedetomidine was infused at a rate of 3μg· kg-1 · h-1 until 2 h of reperfusion after a loading dose of dexmedetomidine 3 μg/kg was injected intravenously immediately after onset of I/R.The rats were sacrificed at 24 h of reperfusion and their brains were immediately removed for microscopic examination of hippocampal CA1 region and for determination of the cell apoptosis,brain water content,Evans blue content and aquaporin 4 (AQP4) expression.Results The number of apoptotic cells was significantly larger,and brain water content,Evans blue content and AQP4 expression were higher in groups I/R and D than in group S (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01).The number of apoptotic cells was significantly smaller,and brain water content,and Evans blue content and AQP4 expression were lower in group D than in group I/R (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01).Global cerebral I/R-induced pathological changes were significantly attenuated in group D.Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can decrease the permeability of blood-brain barrier and attenuate global cerebral I/R injury in rats,and down-regulation of AQP4 expression may be involved in the mechanism.

Objective To investigate the effects of lipoxin A4 (LXA4) on the inflammatory response to focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion(I/R) inmy in rats.Methods Fifty-six healthy male SD rats weighing 200-250 g were randomly divided into 3 groups:group Ⅰ sham operation(group S,n=8);group Ⅱ cerebral I/R(n=24)and group Ⅲ lipoxin A4+I/R(group LXA4,n=24).Right mid-cerebral artery was occluded for 2 h by inserting cranially a nylon thread with rounded tip into internal carotid artery.LXA4 0.03 nmol/5 μl was injected into cerebral ventricle at 5 min after cerebral ischemia.Neurological deficit was scored at 24 h of reperfusion.Then four animals in each group were killed and their brains were removed for microscopic examination and expression of MPO at 24 h of reperfusion.Meantime,content of IL-1β,TNF-α,TGF-β1,and IL-10 in the brain tissue were measured at 1,6,12,24 and 48 h of reperfusion by ELISA.Glial cell activity was examined at 24 h of reperfusion by immuno-histochemistry.Results Intra-cerebroventricular administrated LXA4 0.03 nmol/5 μl provided mild neuroprotection against focal cerebral I/R injury,improved neurological deficits,and reduced morphological brain damages and PMN infiltration.LXA4 also decreased the content of TNF-α and IL-1β,and increased the content of IL-10 and TGF-β1.The numbers of activated astroglia and microglia were decreased in group LXA4 compared with group I/R.Conclusion LXA4 protects the brain against I/R injury by inhibiting inflammatory response.

Objective To analyze the bibliometry of the literature of acupoint thread-embedding in treating simple obesity, and to provide references for clinic.Method By both computer and manual retrieval, the relevant literatures over the past 30 years were collected from the Chinese Journal Full-text Database (CJFD), Vip database, WanFang database. By using the SPSS 17.0 software for statistical analysis, the distribution (province or city), publication year, and journal of the literatures, supporting fund, sample size, research method, material of the thread, use frequency of the involved acupoints, and the meridians of the selected acupoints were summarized.Result The included eligible 175 articles were distributed over many provinces and cities; the publication amount had been increasing year by year; there was a variety of thread materials; the literature with supporting funds only occupied a small percentage, while the research with a small sample size occupied a comparatively large percentage, and the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) also had a small percentage.Conclusion As a common Chinese external therapy in treating simple obesity, acupoint thread-embedding has been paid more and more attention for its practical value and bright future. However, the relevant governmental department hasn’t paid enough attention to this therapy, and the low clinical research quality also makes it difficult to scientifically evaluate its clinical efficacy and safety. Therefore, more attention is required, RCTs of multicenter and large sample size are expected, and clinical research quality also needs improvement, to provide references for clinic.

Objective To investigate the effects of flurbiprofen pretreatment on the permeability of bloodbrain barrier in a rat model of global cerbral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Methods Forty-five male SD rats weighing 300-350 g were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 15 each): sham operation group (group S); global cerebral I/R group (group I/R); flurbiprofen 10 mg/kg + global cerebral I/R group (group F). Global cerebral ischemia was induced by 20 min occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries combined with hypotension (MAP maintained at 35-45 mm Hg). In group F, flurbiprofen 10 mg/kg was injected iv at 15 min before ischemia. Evans blue 3 ml/kg was injectcd iv at 24 h of reperfusion, then the rats were sacrificed and their brains were immediately removed for determination of the apoptosis rate, brain water content, Evans blue content, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-10 content, and microscopic examination. Results The apoptosis rate, brain water content, Evans blue content, and TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-10 content were significantly higher in group I/R and F than in group S (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01).The apoptosis rate, brain water content, and Evans blue content and TNF-α and IL-1β content were significantly lower, while IL-10 content was higher in group F than in group I/R (P ＜ 0.01). Global cerbral I/R-induced changes were significantly attenuated in group F. Conclusion Pretreatment with flurbiprofen can protect bloodbrain barrier against cerebral I/R injury by inhibition of the inflammatory reaction.

Objective To evaluate the influence and safety of topical ketamine on postoperative sore throat following endotracheal intubation. Methods The clinical literatures concerning topical application of ketamine for the prevention of postoperative sore throat (POST) were searched from online databases. Randomized controlled trials were selected by the inclusive and exclusive criteria. Meta-analysis was conducted to assess the risk ratio(RR) of the incidence of POST and software Stata 12.0 was used in this analysis. Results Seven randomized trials involving 490 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The results of meta-analysis showed that the incidence of POST was significantly reduced in the ketamine group,with RR 0.61(95%CI 0.47~0.79,P<0.001) at 0~1 h,0.55(95%CI 0.43~0.71, P<0.001) at 4 h and 0.48 (95%CI 0.34 to 0.66, P<0.001) at 24 h after surgery. No major complications related to topical ketamine were observed. Conclusions For the patients receiving general anesthesia and endotracheal intubation, topical prophylactic application of ketamine can significantly reduce the incidence of POST without major complications.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the curative effect of supplementedGanmai-Dazaodecoction for malignant tumor correlation with depression.MethodsA total of 98 patients with malignant tumor-related depression were divided into a treatment group and acontrol group according to the random number table. The control group were treated with flupentixol and melitracen tablets (Deanxit) combined with conventional treatment, the treatment group were treated with oral administration of traditional Chinese medicine supplemented Ganmai-Dazaodecoction combined with conventional treatment for 8 weeks. The Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) was used to evaluate the curative effect.ResultsThe effective rate showed no significant difference between the treatment groupand the control group (79.59%vs.75.51%;χ2=0.059,P=0.809). HAMD scores in both groups were significantly decreased after the treatment than before treatment (12.8±3.4 vs. 29.4±4.7 in the treatment group, 12.3±3.6vs.28.7±4.5 in the controlgroup, allP<0.05), there was no significant difference in HAMD scores after the treatment between the treatment group and the control group (t=0.707,P=0.481). ConclusionCurative effect of supplementedGanmai-Dazaodecoction is equal to flupentixol andmelitracen tablets in patients with malignant tumor-related depression.

Objective To evaluate the effects of dexmedetomidine on the oxidative stress responses during global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats.Methods Thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 250-300 g,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =12 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (group S),global cerebral I/R group (group I/R) and dexmedetomidine group (group D).Global cerebral ischemia was induced by occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries combined with hypotension (MAP maintained at 35-45 mmHg).In group D,dexmedetomidine was infused at a rate of 3 μg · kg-1 · h-1until 2 h of reperfusion after a loading dose of dexmedetomidine 3 μg/kg was intravenously injected immediately after onset of reperfusion.The neurological deficit score (NDS) was assessed at 24 h of reperfusion,the rats were then sacrificed,and their brains were immediately removed for determination of cell apoptosis and levels of malondialdehyde (MDA),superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT).Apoptotic rate was calculated.Results Compared with group S,NDS,apoptotic rate and MDA level were significantly increased,and SOD and CAT levels were decreased in I/R and D groups.Compared with group I/R,NDS,apoptotic rate and MDA level were significantly decreased,and SOD and CAT levels were increased in group D.Conclusion Dexmedetomidine attenuates global cerebral I/R injury through inhibiting the oxidative stress responses.

AIM: To establish HPLC fingerprint of Achyranthes bidentata BI..METHODS: Ten batches of Achyranthes bidentata BI from different habitats were measured by RP-HPLC,and their fingerprints were obtained.C18 column was used.Acetonitrile and water gradient elution were adopted as a mobile phase,the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min,the detection wavelength was set at 250 nm,the injection volume was 20 ?L,and the column temperature was at 30 ?C.RESULTS: Fifteen common peaks were confirmed in fingerprints.CONCLUSION: This method is simple,credible and of good reproducibility,can be used for the quality control of Achyranthes bidentata BI..