The seven-year system in medical education is a new teaching model of cultivating the high-level medical talents to meet the need of construction of socialist health modernization of our country.As a student having had medical study for two years,I realize some advantages and shortcomings existing in the class education.So I have made analysis of the current conditions of its basic medical education and put forward some proposals,hoping to provide help for the seven-year teachings in the undergraduate courses.

To develop a RP-HPLC method for the determination of catechin (C),epicatechin (EC),gallic acid (GA)and procyanidin B2 (PCB2 )in procyanidins and compare the contents of C,EC,GA and PCB2 in procyani-dins purchased from different manufacturers.A RP-HPLC method was developed and the determination was car-ried out on a Hypersil ODS2 column (4.0 mm ×200 mm,5 μm).The mobile phase consisted of methanol and 2% acetic acid with gradient elution and the detection wave-length was at 280 nm.There was a good linear rela-tionship between concentration and the peak area in the range of 0.1-50 μg/mL (r =0.998 6)for catechin,0.1-50 μg/mL (r =0.994 5)for epicatechin,0.05-50 μg/mL (r =0.999 9)for gallic acid and 0.1-50 μg/mL (r =0.992 2)for procyanidin B2 ,respectively.The average recoveries of catechin,epicatechin,gallic acid and PCB2 were 98.36%,98.21%,89.60% and 98.47%,respectively and the RSDs were 1.39%,0.84%,2.12% and 2.46%,respectively.The method is simple,accurate,reproducible and can be used for assay of C,EC,GA,PCB2 in procyanidins.There was a great difference in the content of four substance in procyanidins purchased from dif-ferent manufacturers.

Objective To investigate the modulation of affective pictures on experimental tonic cold and heat pain in a behavioral study. Methods Fifteen healthy female subjects went through the tonic cold and tonic heat stimulation when watching the affective pictures in a counter-balanced order after the pictures were grouped into the pleasant, the unpleasant and the neutral picture sets. The pain tolerance time ( PTT ) was recorded.Results The tolerance time was prolonged when watching the pleasant and unpleasant pictures contrast to thatwhen watching the neutral ( Unpleasant ( 146.20 ± 13.68 ) s, Neutral ( 86. 73 ± 12.93 ) s, Pleasant ( 145.27 ±15.99 ) s, F(2,42) = 5.718, P ＜ 0.01 ) ). However, no significant difference was observed in the heat pain test under the different experimental conditions ( Unpleasant ( 74.73 ± 15.78 ) s, Neutral ( 68.80 ± 15.85 ) s, Pleasant ( 78.80± 14.81 )s, F(2.42) =0. 109, P＞0.05) ). A correlation between the residual difference of arousal in pleasant and neutral picture sets and the residual difference of heat PTT in pleasant and neutral picture sets was investigated (r = 0.546, P = 0.035 ). Conclusion Besides the emotional valence,the arousal may be one of the key elements that modulate the tonic pain.

Objective To investigate the relationship of glycosylated hemoglobin A1C(HBA1c) and 2 hour postprandial blood glucose(2hPBG) with 12-hour urinary albumin excretion rate(UAE).Methods One hundred and thirteen patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),whose fast blood glucose(FBG) levels after treatment were less than 7.0 mmol/L,and 54 healthy subjects were the control group in this study.The level of HBA1c was detected by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).The level of 2hPBG was measured by glucose oxidase assay and the level of UAE was detected by radioimmunoassay.According to the level of HBA1c and 2hPBG,the patients were divided into 4 groups: group A(HBA1c7% and PBG

Objective To investigate the effect of mental processing speeds of judging traffic lights varying in location and color meaning. Methods 20 healthy adult male (age: 18 ～30 years) were enrolled in this study. By simulation of traffic lights as picture stimuli, all subjects performed a Go/NoGo task separately under normal condition, location-reversed condition, color meaning-reversed condition and both location and color meaning-reversed condition randomly. The accuracy rate and reaction time of the behavior task were quantified. Results The average accuracy rate of the four conditions was 99. 13% , no differences were found in different traffic light colors and different conditions. In the normal condition,the subjects' reaction time(ms) of traffic lights were as fallowings: red light 491.59 ±71.74; green light 487.55 ±58. 11, no difference was found between the two traffic light colors (P=0.522). In the location-reversed condition, subjects' average reaction time(ms) was respectively for red light 606.29 ± 107.59, and green light 593.13 ± 102.45. In the color meaning-reversed condition, it was respectively for red light 572.08 ±78.75, and green light 592.43 ±87.58. Compared with the normal condition, subjects' reaction time was prolonged in the location-reversed condition (F(1,19)=59.77, P<0.01), and also in the color meaning-reversed condition (F(1,19) =52.55, P<0.01). When in the both location and color meaning-reversed condition, the subjects' reaction time (ms) of traffic lights was respectively 502.92 ± 65.27 for red light, and 508.97 ±63.40 for green light,the result came close to statistical significance(P= 0.065)compared with the normal condition. Conclusion A likely "conceptual constancy" is demonstrated on the basis of prolonging the brains' information processing when location and color information changes.

Objective To investigate the relationship between time and mode of delivery and gestational outcomes in uncomplicated twin pregnancies.Methods A total of 347 women with uncomplicated twin pregnancies who gave birth in First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University between November 2012 and June 2015 were reviewed retrospectively,including 291 dichorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies (DCDA) and 56 monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies (MCDA).The general information,gestational complications,time and mode of delivery,gestational outcomes were recorded and the relationship between time and mode of delivery and gestational outcomes in DCDA and MCDA groups were analyzed.Ttest,Chi-square,Fisher's exact test and logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis.Results (1) The incidence of adverse neonatal outcomes in DCDA group [49.1％ (281/572)] was significantly lower than in MCDA group [75.5％ (83/110)] (x2=25.698,P＜0.05).In DCDA group,women delivered at 36-36+6 weeks,37-37+6 weeks and 38 38+6 weeks had lower rates of admission to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU),neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) and other neonatal diseases than those delivered at ＜34 weeks,34-34+6 weeks and 35-35+6 weeks (all P＜0.05),while those delivered at 38-38+6 weeks had a higher incidence of pathological jaundice (2/8) than at 36-36+6 weeks and 37-37+6 weeks (3.1％ and 1.9％) (x2=10.133 and 13.510,both P＜0.05).In MCDA group,the rate of admission to the NICU decreased gradually from 100.0％ (30/30) (＜35 weeks) to 3/12 (37-37+6 weeks) (P＜0.05).In DCDA group,the odds ratio (OR) and 95％ confidence interval(95％CI) of adverse neonatal outcomes in 35-35+6,36-36+6 and 37-37+6 weeks were 0.237(0.116-0.482),0.056(0.029-0.108) and 0.054(0.026-0.112),respectively (all P＜0.05).In MCDA group,OR (95％CI) of adverse neonatal outcomes in 34 34+6 and 35-35+6 weeks were 38.894 (3.084-490.552)and 18.858 (1.538-231.222),respectively (both P＜0.05).(2) With regard to mode of delivery,ten cases of DCDA and two cases of MCDA had vaginal deliveries.In DCDA group who gave birth at less than 34 weeks,the incidence of neonatal pathological jaundice in vaginal delivery group (8/14) was higher than that in cesarean delivery group [22.7％ (15/66)] (x2=5.104,P=0.024).Conclusions The optimal time of delivery for uncomplicated twins is 36-37+6 weeks.The appropriate mode of delivery should be determined by the status of both the mother and the twins.

Objective To discuss the demands of replacement care service for family caregivers of the aged in Zhengzhou City,so as to provide the reference for replacement care service of the aged.Methods A total of 145 family caregivers of the aged were collected in Zhengzhou city and were investigated with a self-designed questionnaire.Results In the 145 questionnaires,106 were valid.81 (76.4％) of them expressed needing to be replaced in the process of care,and 68 (64.1％) were willing to accept replacement care service.Order of demands of replacement service content was daily life nursing (77,72.6％),disease (66,62.3％) and psychological care (60,56.6％),etc.Influencing factors of selecting replacement care service for family caregivers included quality of service (63,59.4％),service price (38,35.8％) and professional skill (37,34.9％).The degree of demand of different ages,different careers,as well as different duration of daily care of family caregivers was statistically significant for replacement care service.Conclusions The degree of demand of family caregivers of the aged for replacement care service was higher.The government needs to establish replacement care service mechanism which is suitable for China's national conditions through policy guidance and support.

Extracurricular activities are necessary to curricular study and significant in quality and practical ability education for medical students.Research and practice on how to improve the interest in extracurricular activities for medical students were carried out,and good results were achieved in the aspect of the development of teaching efficiency.

Objective To study the efifcacy of interferon IFN-αon chronic hepatitis B, analyze the inlfuencing factors of therapeutic effect. Methods 62 cases with hepatitis B collected in our hospital from January 2008 to December 2012 were treated with interferon IFN-αfor one year, and divided into response group and non-response group according to the efficacy, biochemical indicators, viral load, host factors of patients in both two groups were analyzed. Results After one year’s treatment, the response patients were 38 cases(61.29%), non-response patients were 24 cases(38.71%). The male to female ratio in response group was 26/12, 13/11 in non-response group. The mean disease duration in response group was (3.3 ± 1.3)years, (5.4 ± 1.4) years in non-response group. The mean age in response group was (31.9 ± 8.6) years, (32.7 ± 5.6) years in non-response group. The difference between two groups was statistically signiifcant(P<0.05) Conclusion There is good therapeutic effect for most patients. and no reply for some patients. Analysing clinical data and the results of the study, we found that the course of disease,age, male/female ratio and level of ALT and AST are inlfuencing factors in interferon IFN-αtreatment for chronic hepatitis B.They can be use to predict clinical effect of interferon IFN-αtreatment for chronic hepatitis B.

Objective To explore the value of computed tomography (CT)and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)in the diagno-sis and delineation of the extent of malignant external otitis (MEO).Methods Clinical manifestations and imaging features of 10 pa-tients with definite diagnosis of MEO were collected and analyzed.Plain and contrast-enhanced CT of the ear were performed on all 10 patients,of which 6 patients also received MRI scans.Results Abnormal soft tissue opacity within the external auditory canal and involvement of surrounding structures were found in all 10 patients.Bone erosion of the external auditory canal was showed in 7 pa-tients.Other CT findings included bone erosion of skull base and intracranial involvement.Abnormal soft tissue of the external audi-tory canal,effusion in the mastoid cavity and medullary abnormalities were showed very well on MR images in 6 patients while the cortical bone erosion was not well showed.Conclusion Imaging features of the lesions in the external auditory canal,bone erosion of skull base and intracranial involvement play crucial roles in the diagnosis and delineation of the extent of the lesion in patients with MEO.