Objective To explore the application of steatosis liver donor (SLD) in piggyback liver transplantation (PBLT). Methods Sixty-four cases of SLD were subjected to PBLT and classified into light steatosis liver (S1,22 cases),moderate steatosis liver (S2,25 cases),and severe steatosis liver (S3,17 cases) groups.Eighty cases of non fatty liver selected randomly in the same period served as controls. The liver and renal function at the day of surgery,postoperative liver function recovery,complications one month after surgery,and the death of recipients were recorded.Results There was no significant difference in the liver and renal function between steatosis liver groups and control group at the day of surgery (P＞0.05). At 21st day after surgery,the liver function of 95％ recipients in control group returned to the normal level,and the liver function recovery rate in S1,S2 and S3 groups was 90.9％,80.0％,and 70.6％ respectively.Graft primary nonfunction occurred in 2 cases (11.8％) of S3 group. The incidence of complications such as bleeding,infection,hepatic artery thrombosis,ascites,sepsis in S1,S2 and S3 groups was higher than in control group (P＜0.05).One year after operation,there were two deaths in control group,one in S1 group,one in S2 group,and 5 in S3 group,respectively.Conclusion SLD can be used for transplantation,but for the transplantation with severe steatosis liver,it should be carried out carefully.

Purpose To study the clinical features,pathological manifestation and immunohistochemical phenotype and improve the diagnosis and treatment of myoepithelial carcinoma in salivary glands.Methods Histomorphology and immunohistochemical phenotype were analyzed after the sections were stained with routine HE and immunohistochemical methods,and the relevant literatures were reviewed.Results The tumours were predominantly composed of pale-stained clear cells.In some cases,plasma-like cells,epithelioid cells and spindle cells were also seen.The cells were arranged in nest,solid or cords.Mitosis was easily seen,cytological atypia was obvious and necrosis existed in 4 cases.The results of immunohistochemical staining showed that CK was expressed in all cases.EMA was expressed in 8 cases.p63 and CK5/6 were expressed in 11 cases.S-100 was expressed in 10 cases.vimentin was expressed in 4 cases.Calponin was expressed in 2 cases.SMA was expressed in one case.The proliferation index of Ki-67 was 5％ to 40％.Conclusion The histological changes of myoepithelial carcinoma cells are diverse,and pathological and immunohistochemical methods are helpful for improving the rate of right diagnosis.Sugery is the main treatment for myoepithelial carcinoma.

Objective To observe the changes of TNF-α and NF-κB after different doses of nalmefene hydrochloride (NAL) therapy for traumatic brain injury (TBI) in an effort to identify the effect of NAL on TBI-induced inflammatory response and the possible mechanism.Methods A model of TBI in the rat was produced using the improved Feeney' s free-fall impact method.The animals were randomly divided into sham group,TBI group,TBI + large dose of NAL (ip,0.2 mg/kg) group (TBI + NAL1group),TBI + medial dose of NAL (ip,0.14 mg/kg) group (TBI + NAL2 group),TBI + small dose of NAL (ip,0.07 mg/kg) group (TBI + NAL3 group).Form of brain tissues in each group was observed and mRNA levels of TNF-α and NF-κB were measured by real-time quantitative PCR assay.Results HE staining revealed severe injury and inflammatory infiltration of brain parenchyma in TBI group ;on the contrary,the situation ameliorated in TBI + NAL1 group,TBI + NAL2 group and TBI + NAL3group,with especially obvious improvement in TBI + NAL2 group.In PCR assay,significant expression of NF-κB and TNF-α was observed at post-TBI days 1,3,5 and 7 (P ＜ 0.05),followed by great reverse after NAL therapy (P ＜ 0.05),particularly in TBI + NAL2 group.Conclusions NAL can reduce the inflammation response to TBI and promote post-injury recovery.Moreover,there exists a NAL concentration window.

BACKGROUND:C-reactive protein has been shown to rapidly increase during the occurrence of inflammation and tissue injury, and can indicate the degree of inflammatory reaction.
OBJECTIVE:To analyze the correlation between survival time and C-reactive protein in rabbits after transplantation of polytetrafluoroethene artificial trachea with support ring.
METHODS:The cervical trachea of rabbits was replaced by polytetrafluoroethene artificial trachea with support ring. Survival time of the rabbit, and the changes in serum C-reactive protein at 1-7 days after transplantation were observed. Linear regression was used to assess the univariate association between serum C-reactive protein and survival time.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The linear correlation was observed between changes of serum C-reactive protein and survival time in rabbits with artificial trachea replacement operation. C-reactive protein levels in rabbits with<13 days of survival time were increased and positively associated with the number of days after transplantation. However, C-reactive protein levels in rabbits with>13 days were decreased and negatively associated with the number of days after transplantation. In rabbits with positive correlation and negative correlation, the median survival time and 95%confidence interval (CI) were respectively 10 days (95%CI 8.614-11.386 days) and 27 days (95%CI 23.970-30.030 days). The survival rate in negative correlation group was significantly higher than positive correlation group (x2=29.364, P<0.01). Results suggested that the prolonged survival time of rabbits after artificial trachea replacement operation was related to the decreased concentration of serum C-reactive protein.

Two kinds of β2-agonistresidues in sheep plasma and urine were disposed by enzymolysis and organic solvent extraction pretreatment methods, and UPLC-MS/MS was used for the qualitative and quantitative analysis. Detection results were compared to study the influences of two pretreatment methods. The experimental results showed that more than 95% of Ractopamine and 40% of Salbutamol exist in the conjugated form in sheep plasma. The detection results of 2 kinds of β2-agonist residues were significantly enhanced when adding β-glucuronidase/aryl sulfatase. The experimental repeatability is very poor ( RSD>40%) when the enzymolysis was not carried out. There were 57% of Ractopamine and less than 1% of Salbutamol exists in the conjugated form in sheep urine. Enzymolysis pretreatment method was useful for the Ractopamine residues determination in urine, and Enzymolysis pretreatment method was useless for Salbutamol determination in urine. Matrix effect of plasma was less than the effects of urine. The influence of organic solvent extraction pretreatment method on the detection results was unremarkable, and there was the possibility that organic solvent extraction could lead partial loss of target compound in extraction process. However, it did not influence the detection results by using internal standard calibration.

A rapid high-throughput method for the determination of 26 mycotoxins involving multifunctional cleanup column coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry ( LC-MS/MS) was developed and validated for the determination in feedstuffs. The feedstuff samples were extracted by ultrasonic treatment for 1 hour and the extraction solvent was acetonitrile/water/formic acid (84:15. 9:0. 1, V/V). 1 mL of the supernatant layer was purified by a commercial Mycospin 400 multifunctional cleanup column, then dried and re-dissolved by 0. 25 mL water/methanol/formic acid (95:4. 9:0. 1, V/V) in a vial for injection into the LC-MS/MS system. Chromatographic analyses were carried out on a reversed phase C18 column and using a gradient elution with 0. 1% formic acid aqueous solution and 0. 1% formic acid methanol solution. The mass spectrometer was operated in a multiple reaction monitoring ( MRM) mode that selected one precursor ion and two product ions for each target compound. Validation studies were carried out in maize and soybean meal as representative matrixes. The most target compounds had different level of matrix effects. So, matrix-matched calibration was adopted for quantification. Mean recoveries from spiked samples at three levels ranged from 61 . 9% to 119 . 5% with relative standard deviations of 0 . 8%-18 . 6%. Limits of quantification ranged from 0. 5 μg/kg to 25 μg/kg.

BACKGROUND:Previous studies of our research group have confirmed that the texture of porcine reticular dermis at lateral ventral part is softer and has more extensibility than other parts. Therefore, it may serve as the raw material of xenogenic aceluar dermal matrix. However, its comparison with human and rat reticular dermis has not been reported systematicaly in aspects of histomorphology and material characterization. OBJECTIVE:To compare the reticular dermis from the lateral region of porcine abdomen and rat dorsal part with the reticular dermis from human in histology, biomechanics, molecular structure, thermal stability and other properties. METHODS:The reticular dermis samples were taken from adult human, the lateral region of porcine abdomen, the back of rats, for gross observation. Paraffin sections were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining and sirius red staining under a light microscopy. The relevant data of micrograph were measured by imagine analysis software. These samples were also vacuum-freezing dried and rehydrated, and then their mechanical properties were tested with a electronic tensile machine to calculate the Young’s modulus. Some vacuum-freezing dried samples were powdered and detected by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer and simultaneous thermal analyzer. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There were no differences in colagen fiber bundle diameter of the reticular dermis from adult human and the lateral region of porcine abdomen, but the reticular dermis from the back of rats was thinner than that from adult human (P < 0.01). The gap between the reticular layer of the dermis of the lateral region of porcine abdomen was lower than that from adult human (P < 0.0.1); however, there was no difference in the gap between the reticular layers of the dermis of the rat back and adult human (P=0.17). Colagen fibers of porcine reticular dermis were arranged tightly in disorder; the content of type I colagen and ratio of type I/III colagen were higher than those in the reticular dermis from adult human (P < 0.05), but the content of type III colagen was less than that in the reticular dermis from adult human (P < 0.05). Contents of type I and III colagen and their ratio were similar between the reticular dermis of rats and adult human (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in the Young’s modulus of the three kinds of reticular dermises. Hydrogen bonds involved in the reticular dermal colagen molecules ranged as folows: rats > swine > human. Rat reticular dermis has better thermal stability than that of swine and adult human.

A novel method for simultaneous detection of mycotoxins (e.g.,aflatoxin B1) or their metabolic residues in animal plasma with impurity adsorption purification followed ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was developed.Extraction of mycotoxins and their metabolites from animal plasma sample was performed with 0.1％ formic acid-acetonitrile solution after addition of sodium chloride and hydrous magnesium sulfate.The extract was then dehydrated and purified with hydrous magnesium sulfate,C18,primary secondary amine,and alumina-A.3 mL of the supernatant was evaporated and re-dissolved with 0.5 mL of 0.1％ formic acid aqueous solution/acetonitrile (70∶ 30,V/V) for UPLC-MS/MS detection.The analytes were separated by a C18 column utilizing gradient elution with 0.1％ formic acid aqueous solution containing 0.5 mmol of ammonium acetate and 0.1％ formic acid-methanol solution,and finally detected by tandem mass spectrometry in positive/negative ESI mode.Identification and quantification were achieved by LC-MS/MS with multi-reaction monitoring (MRM).Good linearity in response was obtained in the analytes concentration range of 0.05-100 ng/mL with correlation coefficients larger than 0.99.The limits of quantification (S/N=10) were around 0.05-0.5 ng/mL.The recoveries of mycotoxins and their metabolites spiked in blank plasma samples were in the range of 62.0％-116.4％,with relative standard deviations (RSDs) less than 19.0％.

Objective To explore the effect of prevention and treatment of external application of Algoplaque for controlling phlebitis caused by peripheral indewelling needle in vein for patients. Methods This research was divided into two parts,prevention and treatment. As for prevention research,patients were randomly divided into the experimental and the control groups,each group included 30 patients. In the experimental group,we applied directly external application of Algoplaque at the upper of needle puncture site of the vein and nearby the eye. In the control group,we applied the film directly to fix the indwelling needle. As for the treatment research, it was carried out in patients with occurred phlebitis, who were randomly divided into two groups,the experimental group included 30 cases of patients and the control group included 28 cases of patients. Observation time was one to five days. Results The incidence of phlebitis in the experimental group of prevention research was 23%, in the control group it was 90%. The incidence of phlebitis in the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group. The effective rate in the experimental group of treatment research was 96.7% and it was 67.9% in the control group. The difference was very significant. Conclusions External application of Algoplaque can effectively control phlebitis caused by peripheral indewelling needle in vein.

OBJECTIVETo correlate morphological features with mutations of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in lung adenocarcinomas.

METHODSAccording to 2011 International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer/American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society International Multidisciplinary Lung Adenocarcinoma Classification, a total of 72 surgically resected lung adenocarcinomas were collected and classified into different histological subtypes and different cell types (hobnail, columnar and polygonal). EGFR gene mutation was detected with the amplification refractory mutation method provided by the EGFR mutation test kit. The correlation between these subtypes and EGFR mutations were evaluated.

RESULTSMutations of EGFR were detected in 48.6% (35/72) of lung adenocarcinomas; 19del and L858R were major mutational types (88.6%, 31/35). EGFR mutations were associated with female gender, non-smoking status, and well to moderately differentiated tumor histology. EGFR mutation types were not associated with age, smoking index, lymph node metastasis, stage, status of whether have or not have inclusion bodies or psammoma bodies and mitotic level. Correlations were observed between acinar and papillary adenocarcinoma subtypes and EGFR mutations according to the new classification. EGFR mutation was rare in the subtype of solid adenocarcinoma with mucin production and almost never observed in special subtypes (mainly mucinous and colloid adenocarcinoma). In addition, EGFR mutation was associated with the hobnail cell type.

CONCLUSIONLung adenocarcinomas of predominate acinar and papillary histological subtypes with hobnail cell morphology are good predictors for EGFR mutations.

Adenocarcinoma ; genetics ; pathology ; Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous ; genetics ; pathology ; Adenocarcinoma, Papillary ; genetics ; pathology ; Female ; Genes, erbB-1 ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Mutation ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; genetics ; Sex Factors ; Smoking