Objective To evaluate the curative effect and value of dilatation technique with double balloon in the treatment of cardia achalasia.Methods 52 patients with cardia achalasia were treated by the dilatation technique with double balloon.Results The effective rate was 100% in short term while.In long term,the effective rate was 96% and 100% with one time dilatation and double time dilatations respectively.Conclusion The dilatation technique with double balloon is a safe,effective and easy operated method in the treatment of cardia achalasia.

ObjectiveThe pre-hospital data of 839 emergency patients who were admitted to Naxiang Emergency Center of Shanghai from Dec 11 2006 to Jun 11 2007 were analyzed.The first five causes of emergency call were trauma,diseases of newborns,neuron-system diseases.eardio-vascuIar diseases and digestive diseases.The epidemiological data including gender,age of patients,distance to emergency site,duration of ambulance dispatch,results of first aid.etc were also presented in the paper.These data would be helpful for improving pre-hospital medical care of emergency patients.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of laparoscopic hysteromyomectomy.Methods The clinical data of 98 cases of laparoscopic hysteromyomectomy(LM)and 76 cases of transabdominal Myomectomy(TAM)were retrospectively analyzed and comparison was made on the operative time,operative blood loss,postoperative blind enema time,body temperature recovery time,the rate of postoperative complicating disease and hospitalization after operation.Result Though the mean opertative time is the same,the mean operative blood loss,the mean body temperature recovery time,postoperative blind enema time,and the mean hospitalization was smaller in LM group than in TAM group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Laparoscopic hysteromyomectomy has the advantage of minimal invasion,short in-hospital days,fast recovery and low complication rate,which is an ideal treatment of hysteromyoma.

Objective To evaluate the features of CT perfusion for vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia (VBD). Methods The image data of 13 cases with VBD as observation group and 22 cases of normal controls were retrospectively analyzed from February 2011 to March 2012. 3 regions of interest (ROI) in white matter of cerebellum, cerebellar peduncle and pons were drown symmetry to measure the parameters including cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV), mean transit time (MTT) and time to peak (TTP). The diameter of basilar artery and the age of the observation group were also measured. Results There was significant difference between 2 groups in TTP in all ROI (P<0.05), and no significant difference in CBF, CBV and MTT in all ROIs (P>0.05). The age, the diameter of basilar artery did not correlated with perfusion parameters (P>0.05) in the observation group. Conclusion CT perfusion imaging can demonstrate some features of posterior circulation as auxiliary diagnosis of VBD.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the curative effect of continuous positive airway pressure(CPAP) combined with modified oral appliance (MOA) in the treatment of severe OSAHS. METHOD: The research chose 120 male patients with severe OSAHS. They were treated with CPAP and MOA (30 cases), CPAP (30 cases), and MOA (30 cases) respectively. At the same time, the rest 30 cases without any treatment were in control group (matching factors: age, gender, IBM). After 3 months treatment, the characteristics of PSG and respiratory machine wear condition were observated in four groups. RESULT The ESS score in CPAP and MOA group was significantly lower than that in other groups (P < 0.05); After 3 months treatment, the AHI, awake index (AI), and Ni (non-rapid eyemovement sleep1, N1) and N2 (non-rapid eye movement sleep2, N2) period of total sleep time (TST) percentage in CPAP assisted MOA group and CPAP group were significantly lower than that in MOA group and control group (P < 0.05); Sleep efficiency, ESS score, average blood oxygen saturation (MSaO₂), the lowest oxygen saturation (LSaO₂), slow wave sleep phases (SWS) and rapid eyemovement sleep (REM) accounted for the proportion of TST increased significantly (P < 0.05); There was no significant difference between CPAP assisted MOA group and CPAP group in AHI, MSaO₂, AI, sleep efficiency, N1, N2, SWS and REM percentage of TST and ESS score. The LSaO₂ and average machine time in CPAP assisted MOA group were significantly greater than that in CPAP group (P < 0.05), but 90% pressure and average air leakage were significantly lower in the CPAP group (P < 0.05) CONCLUSION: The curative effect of CPCR combined with modified oral appliance was better than CPCR or MOA alone in the treatment of severe OSAHS.
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ; Humans ; Male ; Oximetry ; Sleep ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; therapy

Objective To explore the diagnostic consistency and correlation between MR discography (MRD) and CT discography (CTD) in diagnosing chronic low back pain. Methods Guided by C - arm fluoroscopy the mixed solution of gadoterate meglumine (GD-DOTA) and Iohexol (GD-DOTA at a dilution of 1 ∶ 400 with Iohexol) was injected into 96 lumbar intervertebral discs of the 36 patients. CT scanning was performed at 15 minutes after the injection of contrast, and axial together with sagittal SE T1WI MR scanning was carried out one hour after the injection. CTD and MRD images were randomly numbered and were independently evaluated by two experienced radiologists according to Dallas discogram scale in order to assess the diagnostic consistency and correlation between (MRD) and (CTD). In addition the diagnostic value of MRD was evaluated. Results The results revealed that in determining disc degeneration grade CTD and MRD were highly consistent with each other(Kappa = 0.836, P < 0.01), and the diagnostic results judged by the two reviewers were essentially in agreement (ICC = 1.00, P < 0.01; r = 0.997, P < 0.01). Higher consistency (Kappa = 0.836, P < 0.01) and correlation(ICC = 0.90, P < 0.01; r = 0.869, P < 0.01; Kappa =0.836, P < 0.01) in determining annulus rupture extent were also obtained. Conclusion MRD is an accurate diagnostic method for the determination of disc degeneration and the severity of annulus rupture, and this technique has greater consistency and correlation with CTD in diagnosing chronic low back pain.

BACKGROUND:Rapid prototyping technique has been recently applied in the medical reconstruction and al ows the production of individual implant for patients with tissue defects, achieving an accurate repair.
OBJECTIVE:To repair discontinuous mandibular defects in dogs using rapid prototyped titanium plate in combination with autologous cancellous bone graft.
METHODS:Nine hybrid canines were used, and the skul was scanned using spiral CT. Then CT data were used to construct three-dimensional digital model, in which virtual partial mandibulectomy was performed, and an individualized bone-grafting plate was designed. A titanium plate was manufactured using rapid prototyping and titanium casting. Animal experiment was then performed. A 40-mm discontinuous defect in the right mandibular body was created in the involved dogs. The defect was restored immediately using the customized plate in combination with autologous cancellous iliac blocks. Sequential radionuclide bone imaging, biomechanical testing, three-dimensional microcomputed tomographic scanning, radiology and histological examination were used to evaluate the turnover of the grafts.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A symmetric mandible was reconstructed using the rapid prototyped grafting plate. The grafted bone survived and got corticalized, while a fibrous intermedium was found between the bone graft and the plate. In the reconstruction of mandibular defects, optimal functional and aesthetic outcomes could be achieved using the rapid prototyped grafting plates.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the significance of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and plasma endothelium (ET) in pathophysiologic process of patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHOD: All observed subjects were divided into 4 groups. A number of 80 patients with OSAHS, 65 cases of OSAHS with T2DM patients, 20 patients with T2DM, and 32 cases of healthy control group were observed in this study. The serum levels of TNF-α and ET were detected by double antibody sandwich ELISA, the content of TNF-α and ET were compared between OSAHS group and OSAHS + T2DM group. It were also compared before and after treatment of CPAP or surgery. RESULT: TNF-α level is higher in OSAHS+T2DM group than that in the OSAHS group, T2DM group and the control group (P < 0.05); TNF-α level in OSAHS group and the T2DM group are higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05), but there was no difference in TNF-α level between the OSAHS group and the T2DM group. There was also no difference in ET level of the four groups. There were significant differences of TNF-α before and after treatment of CPAP or surgery in OSAHS group and OSAHS+T2DM group (P < 0.05). But there was no significant differences of ET before and after treatment of CPAP or surgery in the OSAHS+T2DM group (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION TNF-α may be involved in the development of OSAHS and T2DM, while ET may have little effect on the occurrence and development of OSAHS and T2DM.
Antibodies ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; blood ; complications ; Endothelins ; blood ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; blood ; complications ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; blood

OBJECTIVE: To explore the changes of serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) level in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and OSAHS associated type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and their significance. METHOD: All observed subjects were divided into 3 groups: 20 cases of normal subjects, 35 cases of simple OSAHS patients, 48 cases of OSAHS associated T2DM patients, IL-6 concentrations of serum were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent. RESULT: IL-6 level was higher in the group of OSAHS with T2DM than the group of OSAHS and the healthy control group (P < 0.05); IL-6 level was higher in the simple OSAHS group than the healthy controls. CONCLUSION IL-6 and other inflammatory factors may involved pathological physiological process in OSAHS patients sugar metabolic abnormalities; and is associated with the development of OSAHS associated with type 2 diabetes.
Case-Control Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; blood ; complications ; Humans ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; blood ; complications

OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical effect of nasal surgical expansion as basical surgical treatment of patients with OSAHS. METHOD: A total of 320 patients with OSAHS were retrospectively analyzed. The patient was diagnosed by PSG. The electronic nasopharyngolarygnoscope exam airway CT, and MRI were applied to determining the nasal plane block. According to the concrete reasons, the nasal endoscopic nasal septum corrective surgery and open surgery were carried out, respectively. Nasal sinus neoplasm resection of off shoring, inferior turbinate fracture surgery or inferior turbinate back-end 1/3 line expansion and low temperature plasma ablation of nasal surgery, respectively. Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), snore outcome survey (SOS), epworth sleepiness score (ESS), the lowest arterial oxygen saturation (LSaO2) and AHI, time and ratio of slow wave sleep (SWS) stage and rapid eye movement (REM) stage were applied to comparing the curative effect between pre-operation and post-operation periods. RESULT: Snoring, sleep apnea, subjective mental symptoms of all patients with OSAHS were improved after operation; PSQI, SOS and ESS score were improved compared to pretreatment (P < 0.05); according to the 2009 OSAHS diagnosis and curative effect evaluation standard, 38 cases cured, 189 cases had obvious effect, 93 cases effective, and the total effective rate was 100%; there was statistical difference between the pre-operative period and 6 months post-operative in PSQI, SOS and ESS, LSaO2, AHI and proportion of REM (P < 0.05); sleep structure was improved, time and proportion of SWS were increased after the operation (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Solving the problem of nasal airway obstruction is the first step in surgical treatment of patients with OSAHS.
Endoscopy ; Humans ; Nasal Obstruction ; Nasal Septum ; surgery ; Nasal Surgical Procedures ; Oximetry ; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms ; surgery ; Paranasal Sinuses ; pathology ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Retrospective Studies ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; surgery ; Sleep Stages ; Sleep, REM ; Snoring ; Turbinates ; surgery