Objective To explore the correlation of the distance between anastomosis and dentate line in patients with severe circumferential prolapsed haemorrhoids treated by stapled haemorrhoidectomy with the patients' postoperative clinical manufestival score, and assess its value in the choice of anastomosis site in stapled haemorrhoidectomy. Methods One hundred and six patients with severe circumferential prolapsed haemorrhoids was treated by stapled haemorrhoidectomy. The distance between anastomosis and dentate line was documented during the operation, effect of the treatment and complications were also documented postoperatively. All above-mentioned data were analysed statisticaly by one-way ANOVA and ridit test.Results Four groups were established in 106 patients according to the distance between anastomosis and dentate line. Patients with distance less than 1.0cm were defined as group A, between 1.0 cm and 1.5 cm as group B, between 1.5 cm and 2.0 cm as group C, more than 2.0 cm as group D. Concerning the postoperative incontinence score, satisfaction index and complications such as haemorrhage,ederma of anal everage,residal skin-tags, there was no significant difference between all groups. But there was significant difference between four groups in score of pain. Conclusions Patients with severe circumferential prolapsed haemorrhoids treated by Stapled haemorrhoidectomy tend to have good clinical outcome. The appropriate distance between anastomosis and dentate line should be chosed by the status of prolapsed haemorrhoids.

Objective To explore the effect of anti-retroviral therapy on interleukin(IL)-7/IL-7R in human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) infected patients in China.Methods Cases were divided into 2 groups:HIV-infected group (35 cases),and control group (30 cases).IL-7 in serum,IL-7R(CD127) expression in CD4 +T cells,and CD4 +T cells count were detected and compared between two groups before and after treatment for 1 year.Results IL-7 level in the serum of HIV infected group before treatment [(8.98 ±3.77) pg/ml] was significantly higher than that in control group [(3.84 ±0.86) pg/ml] (P ＜0.05).The counts of CD4+T cells [(202.65 ± 121.54)/μl],CD4 + CD127 + T cells [(60.25 ± 11.75) ％],and CD8 + CD127 + T cells [(46.27 ± 12.10)％] in HIV-infected group were significantly lower than those in control group [(766.99 ± 103.21)/L,(76.89 ± 20.01) ％,(81.27 ± 12.35)％] (P ＜0.05).After anti-retroviral therapy (ART),IL-7 level in the serum of HIV-infected group[(5.55 ± 1.35) pg/ml]was decreased,and CD4+T cells [(450.58 ± 15)/μl],CD4 + CD127 +T cells [(69.82 ± 15.24)％],and [CD8 + CD127 + T(59.23± 14.73) ％] cells was increased in HIV-infected group,with a significant difference between two groups (P ＜0.05).Conclusions ART could improve the IL-7 level in the serum and IL-7R(CD127)expression in CD4 +T cells of HIV-infected patients.However,they still cannot become normal level.

Objective To explore the efficacy and side effects of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with different CD4+ cell counts.Methods The clinical data of HIV-infected patients who accepted TDF (tenofovir disoproxil fumarate) + 3TC (lamivudine) + EFV (efavirenz) treatment were retrospectively collected in Jiangmen region.All patients were divided into group A(350/μl ≤ CD4 + ＜ 500/μ1),group B (200/μl ≤ CD4 + ＜ 350/μl) and group C(CD4+ ＜ 200/μl)according to their CD4+ cell counts.The efficacy and side effects in different groups were compared.Results A total of 132 clinical cases was collected,including 32 cases in group A,42 cases in group B,and 58 cases in group C.No statistically difference was found among three groups in terms of gender,age,or route of transmission.CD4 + cell counts after treatment was significantly higher than that before treatment in each group (P ＜ 0.05).The increase of CD4 + cell counts in groups A,B,and C was 75.6 ± 52.1,80.5 ± 58.7,and 97.5 ± 78.7 after 6-month HAART,respectively ; and 71.4 ± 58.9,110.8 ± 71.6,and 113.7 ± 88.3 after 12-month HAART,respectively.Statistical analysis showed no significant difference among three groups (P ＞ 0.05).The incidence of side effects in groups A,B,and C was 4/32,14/42,and 32/58 in 3-month HAART,respectively; and 1/32,8/42,and 22/58 in 3 ～ 12 month HAART,respectively.Statistical analysis showed significant difference among three groups (group C ＞ group B ＞ group A,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions It was effective to begin the anti-retroviral treatment in all stages.The incidence of side effects may be less if anti-retroviral treatment began in early period.

BACKGROUND:Rapid prototyping technique has been recently applied in the medical reconstruction and al ows the production of individual implant for patients with tissue defects, achieving an accurate repair.
OBJECTIVE:To repair discontinuous mandibular defects in dogs using rapid prototyped titanium plate in combination with autologous cancellous bone graft.
METHODS:Nine hybrid canines were used, and the skul was scanned using spiral CT. Then CT data were used to construct three-dimensional digital model, in which virtual partial mandibulectomy was performed, and an individualized bone-grafting plate was designed. A titanium plate was manufactured using rapid prototyping and titanium casting. Animal experiment was then performed. A 40-mm discontinuous defect in the right mandibular body was created in the involved dogs. The defect was restored immediately using the customized plate in combination with autologous cancellous iliac blocks. Sequential radionuclide bone imaging, biomechanical testing, three-dimensional microcomputed tomographic scanning, radiology and histological examination were used to evaluate the turnover of the grafts.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A symmetric mandible was reconstructed using the rapid prototyped grafting plate. The grafted bone survived and got corticalized, while a fibrous intermedium was found between the bone graft and the plate. In the reconstruction of mandibular defects, optimal functional and aesthetic outcomes could be achieved using the rapid prototyped grafting plates.