79 patients with an initial onset of ketosis or ketoacidosis were classified into four groups,based on the presence of islet autoantibodies(A+or A-) and-βcell functional reserve(β+or β-).According to their clinical characteristics,biochemical parameters and therapeutic consequences,the four groups can be considered as type 1 DM,idiopathic type 1 DM,latent autoimmune diabetes in adults(LADA) and type 2 DM respectively.

The changes of carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) in type 2 diabetic patients with vitamin D insufficiency and subclinical macrovascular disease after 12 months' intervention therapy with calcitriol were observed.86 patients with vitamin D insufficiency [25 (OH) D＜30 ng/ml] and subclinical macrovascular disease were randomized to group A (n =44,treated with 0.5 μg/day calcitriol) or group B (n =42,blank control) for 12 months.40 patients in each group completed the follow up.After 12 months of therapy with calcitriol (0.5 μg.qd.po.),levels of high sensitive-Creactive protein,sCD36,and cIMT were significantly decreased,while 25 (OH) D and ankle brachial index were significantly increased (P＜0.05) in group A,suggesting that calcitriol could improve cIMT in patients with vitamin D insufficiency and subclinical macrovascular disease.