Objective: To realize the requirement of adjacent area accuracy,axial surface physical contour and smoothness in the process of inlay computer-aided design(CAD).Methods:A compromised method was brought forward that some assistant 3-D constraint lines from occlusion to gingiva were used to lead the inlay contour on axial corner and other characterized areas,and two perpendicular 3-D constructing lines at adjacent area were used to construct accurate 3-D configuration of this area.The axial surface was completely defined by the network of specified curves which were two constructing lines and four borders.Results:Inlay axial surface was smooth,the contour was consistent with the residual tooth body and the 3-D configuration in adjacent area was accurate.Conclusion:It is feasible to realize the inlay axial surface accuracy,smoothness,and consistency using the method of special distributed 3-D B-Spline curve network.

Objective Describes the use of homemade simple bedside bracket of children supracondylar fracture closed reduction and percutaneous pin fixed surgical methods and clinical effects.Methods 16 cases of children supracondylar fractures Gartland type Ⅱ cases,15 cases Gartland type Ⅲ,13 males and 3 females,with an average age of 6 years old,all patients used our hospital homemade simple bedside shelf assisted closed reduction,percutaneous pin fixation,and fixed with plaster immobilization.Results 16 patients were followed-up,in addition to the two cases of pin tract infection,fracture all were healed smoothly.Without iatrogenic nerve injury and internal fixation loosening,and also no volkmann contracture,and myositis ossificans etc complications.The average fracture healing time for three weeks,no bone delayed union or nonunion occurred.According to Flynn clinical function evaluation,there were excellent in 7 cases,good in 9 cases.Conclusion Useing homemade simple bedside shelf to children supracondylar fractures closed reduction and percutaneous Kirschner wire fixed can ensure the efficacy,and also simplify the surgical procedure,reduce radiation intake,which is the worthy of clinical practice.

Objective To explore the effect of standardized rehabilitation training and acupuncture therapy on knee osteoarthritis(KOA).Methods One hundred KOA patients were evenly divided into the treatment group and the control group by random digits table.The control group were treated by acupuncture plus general functional exercise guidance and the treatment group by standardized rehabilitation training and treatment for 3 courses(10 d as 1 treatment course).After 3 courses,the two groups were observed in terms of knee joint pain,joint function improvement and clinical curative effect.Result After treatment,the treatment group was significantly better than the control group in terms of knee joint pain,joint function improvement and clinical curative effect(all P<0.05 ).Conclusion The standardized rehabilitation training combined with acupuncture therapy may be effective in the reduction of the knee pain and improvement of knee function for patients with osteoarthritis.

Objective To evaluate the effects of different concentrations and different duration of sevoflurane anesthesia on cognitive function in mice.Methods Fifty adult male C57BL/6 mice,weighing 20-24 g,aged 10 weeks,were randomly divided into 5 groups (n =10 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),1.3％ sevoflurane inhaled for0.5 h group (group S1),1.3％ sevoflurane inhaled for 2.0 h group (group S2),2.5％ sevoflurane inhaled for 2.0 h group (group S3),and 2.5％ sevoflurane inhaled for 4.0 h group (group S4).At 2 weeks after anesthesia,Morris water maze test was performed,and the escape latency and frequency of crossing the original platform were recorded.After the end of the test,the mice were sacrificed,and brains were removed to detect the expression of 2B subunit-containing N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NR2B) and activated caspase-3 in the hippocampus.Results Compared with group C,the escape latency was significantly shortened,and the frequency of crossing the original platform was increased in S1-3 groups,and the escape latency was prolonged,and no significant change was found in the frequency of crossing the original platform in group S4.Compared with group C,the expression of NR2B in hippocampal tissues was up-regulated in S1-4 groups,and the expression of activated caspase-3 in hippocampal tissues was up-regulated in S3 and S4 groups.Conclusion The reason for different effects of sevoflurane anesthesia on cognitive function is related to the concentration and duration in mice.

Objective To investigate the effect of different durations of low-concentration isoflurane anesthesia on the expression of 2B subunits-containing N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NR2B) in the hippocampus of mice.Methods Forty C57BL/6 mice, aged 10 weeks, weighing 20-24 g, were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=8 each) using a random number table: control group (group C);0.7％-1.0％ isoflurane inhaled for 30 min group (group I1);0.7％-1.0％ isoflurane inhaled for 2 h group (group I2);0.7％-1.0％ isoflurane inhaled for 4 h group (group I3);0.7％-1.0％ isoflurane inhaled for 6 h group (group I4).Morris water maze test was carried out at 48 h after the end of anesthesia, and the escape latency and frequency of crossing the original platform were recorded.The mice were sacrificed after the end of the test, and the hippocampi were removed for determination of the expression of activated caspase-3 and NR2B (using Western blot analysis).Results Compared with group C, the escape latency was significantly shortened, and the frequency of crossing the original platform was increased in I1 and I2 groups, no significant changes were found in the activated caspase-3 expression, and the expression of NR2B was up-regulated in I1, I2 and I3 groups, and the escape latency was prolonged, the frequency of crossing the original platform was decreased, the activated caspase-3 expression was up-regulated, and the expression of NR2B was down-regulated in group I4.Conclusion The mechanism underlying the effect produced by different durations of low-concentration isoflurane anesthesia on the cognitive function is related to the expression of NR2B in the hippocampus of mice.

BACKGROUND:The self-ligating bracket is superior to the conventional bracket in orthodontic treatment, but there are a lot of controversies. At present, researchers have different views on the function of self-ligating brackets. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the comparative study of self-ligating brackets and conventional brackest with the direction and development in recent years. METHODS:A computer-based search of PubMed (2000-2014) and CNKI (2000-2014) databases was done for relevant articles, using the key words of “self-ligating brackets; conventional orthodontic brackets” in English and Chinese, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Self-locking brackets saves chair side time, which has been confirmed and accepted. There are different views for the issue that self-ligating brackets can reduce friction in orthodontic treatment. It is widely accepted that, the self-ligating brackets using thin round wire had less friction than the conventional brackets; whether the friction of self-ligating brackets in the closed gap and fineness adjustment stages is less than the conventional brackets stil remains unclear, which need further clinical comparative studies. The self-ligating brackets showed no significant difference with the conventional brackets in arch expansion, reducing anchorage loss and root adsorption. The majority of relevant studies is performedin vitro, and cannot exactly simulate the dental conditions. A large-size experiment with the uniform criteria for therapeutic efficacy is needed to objectively evaluate self-ligating brackets.

Objective To understand the actual situation of community‐based diabetes management and analyze common prob‐lems in diabetes management and find the solutions to diabetes management though the objective investigation .Methods The pa‐tient′s data including gender ,age ,education ,medication ,lifestyle information were collected by household face‐to‐face survey and were performed a single factor χ2 analysis of relevant indicators .Results Relative to the patients with middle school education only and is less than 3 000 a month ,the diabetic patients who ere above the junior middle school and family income equal to or greater than 3 000 had good diabetes management on medication ,diet ,exercise ,blood glucose monitoring ,diabetes related knowledge .Con‐clusion Patient′s education and economic level could effect attitudes toward diabetes ,medication ,diet ,exercise ,blood glucose moni‐toring ,diabetes‐related knowledge .

BACKGROUND:Buccal Multiloop Removable Appliance can interceptively correct mutiple adolescent malocclusions. But the clinical problem of Buccal Multiloop fatigue fracture is not solved yet. How to prolong the fatigue fracture cycle is stil in the research stage. OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of different temperature of heat treatment on the Buccal Multiloop fatigue fracture cycle, thereby to select a relatively optimal method to enhance the fatigue fracture cycle. METHODS: Thirty-five left HL-2 Buccal Mltiloops were divided into seven groups according to different ways of heat treatment. Each group consisted of five samples. They were an untreated group, three pre-bending groups (320, 420, 520℃ heat treatment before bending) and three post-bending groups (320, 420, 520℃ heat treatment after bending). The dental stainless steel wires and Buccal Multiloop were respectively treated by low-temperature annealing. The data were recorded and evaluated after the samples tested by the 3D Simulating Movement of TMJ Testing Machine. The features of fatigue fracture were observed by scanning electron microscope. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The mean values of the Buccal Multiloop fatigue fracture cycle from largest to smalest were as folows: 520℃ pre-bending group > 420℃ pre-bending group > 320℃ pre-bending group > untreated group > 520℃ post-bending group > 320℃ post-bending group > 420℃ post-bending group. The fatigue fracture cycle of Buccal Multiloop made of the dental stainless steel wires after 520℃ annealing treatment was longer than others. By the observation of scanning electron microscope, the fracture crack extension area had the tendency to expand, transient interruption was delayed and the tissue structure became more uniform.

Objective To investigate the outcome of free posterolateral leg perforator flap in the reconstruction of soft tissue defects of oral and maxillofacial area.Methods From February,2014 to August,2016,16 patients were performed defect reconstruction following oral cancer ablation with free posterolateral leg perforator flap including 3 cases of sequamous cell carcinoma of the tongue,6 cases of carcinoma of the buccal mucosa,7 cases of sequamouse cell carcinoma of the floor of mouth.The flap ranged from 5.0 cm×3.0 cm to 13.0 cm ×9.0 cm in size,and were adjected to the soft tissue defects of oral and maxillofacial area.The outcome of reconstruction was evaluated by considering the facial appearance,the swallowing and the speach function,the ranges of mouth opening and patient prognosis.Results All 15 transplanted flaps survived well and only 1 survived after disposing in time,because of vascular crisis.The donor sites were closed directly without donor-site morbidity.All patients were satisfactory with their facial appearance,the ranges of mouth opening and swallowing and speech function.Conclusion The free posterolateral leg perforator was an ideal free tissue for repairing functionally oral and maxillofacial defects,sinceit including some beneficial characteristic such as constant blood vessel,flexible and divese design,abundant and position-latent donor site tissues,small operation loss,flexible preparation and loss of major vascular nerves.

Objective To prepare the monoclonal antibody against human perforin(HP). Methods Recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid pCDM8-HP was extracted and purified, and the BALB/C mice were immunized with the plasmid. The hybridomas producing anti-HP McAbs were established by using hybridoma technique, then the specificity of the McAbs was identified by using immunocytochemical technique and Western blot. Results Three hybridoma cell lines secreting McAbs against human perforin were established, and the three McAbs showed positive only with LAK cells containing human perforin protein, and showed negative with inactive human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs). The subclasses of the three McAbs were determined as lgG2bK. Western blot results showed that the three McAbs recognized a specific band of LAK cell lysateds with molecular weight of 70.0Kd. Conclusion The three hybridoma cell lines secreting McAbs against human perforin were established and the secreted McAbs were specific.