Objective To observe spasmolytic effect of Qianlieantong tablets. Methods Twelve rabbits were randomly divided into 2 groups. One group was to prepare ring muscles, another was to prepare longitudinal muscles. Contraction of trigone muscle was induced by NE. Effects of 6 groups drug were observed, which were high, middle and low concentration Qianlieantong group, Hytrine group, blank group, Tween 80 group (TW-80). Results Qianlieantong tablets can significantly inhibit contraction of NE-inducted rabbit trigone muscle (including ring and longitudinal muscles) in vitro, and the inhibition was positively correlated with concentration, which was less than Hytrine. Conclusions Qianlieantong tablets had spasmolytic effect of alleviating BPH-induced badder outlet obstruction and reducing dynamic factors caused by BPH.

BACKGROUND:To establish a rapid and effective method to obtain sufficient spermatogonial stem cels that can meet the clinical need is urgent to be solved in the spermatogonial stem cel transplantation.
OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of rhodiola polysaccharide on the proliferation of spermatogonial stem celsin vitro.
METHODS:Under sterile conditions, spermatogonial stem cels and Sertoli cels were isolated from the testis of mice, and spermatogonial stem cels were seeded onto the feed layer of Sertoli cels. Then, the co-cultured cels were assigned into experimental group 1 (simple cel culture medium), experimental group 2 (cel culture medium containing 150 mg/L rhodiola polysaccharide) and experimental group 3 (cel culture medium containing 150 mg/L rhodiola polysaccharide, 1 U/L leukemia inhibitory factor and 10 μg/L glial cel line-derived neurotrophic factor). After 7 days of co-culture, flow cytometry was used to detect cel proliferation in vitro, and cel viability and positive expression of GFRa-1, Thy-1 and C-kit were calculated.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After 7 days of co-culture, the cels grew rapidly and presented with colony and thyrsiform growth, and the number of cel masses increased significantly, al of which were in line with the proliferative features of spermatogonial stem cels. The GFRa-1, Thy-1 and C-kit proteins were expressed in the cel membrane and cytoplasm, mainly in the cel membrane. The viability of spermatogonial stem cels and positive expression of GFRa-1 and Thy-1 were ranked as folows: experimental group 3 > experimental group 2 > experimental group 1, and there were significant differences between groups (P < 0.05). The positive expression of C-kit had no difference between experimental groups 1 and 2, but it was significantly higher in the experimental group 3 than the other two groups (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that rhodiola polysaccharide used alone or combined with leukemia inhibitory factor and glial cel line-derived neurotrophic factor can enhance the proliferative ability of spermatogonial stem celsin vitro.

BACKGROUND:Chinese herbs for kidney nourishment can promote the proliferation and differentiation of spermatogonial stem cel s. OBJECTIVE:To verify the effect of seminiferous capsule extract on spermatogonial stem cel proliferation. METHODS:Spermatogonial stem cel s were isolated from the testis of male mice and synchronized by serum-free medium fol owed by an addition of 10, 50, 100 mg/L seminiferous capsule extracts. After 24 hours of culture, viability, proliferation and cel cycle of spermatogonial stem cel s were observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the control group, seminiferous capsule extracts promoted the cel number, viability and proportion at S stage. The number of BrdU-labeled spermatogonial stem cel s was increased significantly after intervention with seminiferous capsule extracts, especial y at the concentration of 50 mg/L. These findings indicate that seminiferous capsule extracts can promote the proliferation and viability of spermatogonial stem cel s.

ObjectiveTo explore the treatment options for fresh Grauer type Ⅱ odontoid fractures and discuss corresponding clinical outcome.Methods The study involved 40 patients with fresh odontoid fractures including seven with type Ⅱ A fractures, 18 with type Ⅱ B and 15 with type ⅡC according to Grauer classification.There were five patients with incomplete cervical cord injuries.Type Ⅱ A fractures were treated by traction of occipital-jaw band or skull for 1-2 weeks and then fixed with head-neck-chest plaster or brace.Type Ⅱ B fractures were treated with anterior odontoid screw system fixation.Fifteen patients with type Ⅱ C fractures and three patients with type Ⅱ B fractures combined with severe fracture displacement were managed with posterior atlantoaxial pedicle screw fixation.Results All the patients were followed up for 6-24 months.Seven patients with type Ⅱ A fractures showed union after fixation with head-neck-chest plaster or brace for 3-6 months.Fifteen patients treated with odontoid screw fixation had good positions of screws, with no injury to the spinal cord, of which 14 patients obtained bone union, with union rate of 93.3％.Eighteen patients (including 15 patients with type Ⅱ C fractures and three with type Ⅱ B fractures combined with severe displacement) managed with atlantoaxial pedicle screw system showed no injury to the vertebral artery and spinal cord.Solid bone fusion was achieved.in 31 patients after 3 to 6 months.The X-ray and SCT scans verified proper fixation of the screws, with no deformation, loosening or breakage of the screws.Five patients with incomplete cervical cord injuries obtained neural function recovery at various degrees after surgery.ConclusionsConservative treatment cau be alternative to type ⅡA fractures.Anterior odontoid hollow screw fixation is better for type ⅡB fractures (non-displaced or reducible) and has advantages of minor trauma, fast postoperative recovery and high union rate.However, posterior atlantoaxial pedicle screw system fixation and fusion is suitable to type Ⅱ C and ⅡB fractures with severe displacement and has the advantages of stable three-dimension fixation, direct screw placement, intraoperative reduction, short-segment fixation and high fusion rate.

Objective:To observe the changes of pulmonary function and its influential factors in residents of a rural community and investigate the prevention and control measures.Methods:A survey was made in residents from a rural community in Qingdao who received public health services from September 2017 to December 2019. The demographic data, behavioral and medical history information were collected. Forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in one second were measured. The factors that affect lung function were analyzed using univariate analysis and multivariate analysis.Results:This survey involved 5184 residents consisting of 2199 (42.4%) males and 2985 (57.6%) females. 1322 (25.5%) residents had pulmonary dysfunction. Univariate analysis showed that residents aged ≥ 60 years had a higher risk for developing pulmonary dysfunction than residents aged < 60 years (26.1% vs. 14.3%, χ2 = 19.34, P < 0.001), and male residents had a higher risk for developing pulmonary dysfunction than female residents (32.9% vs. 20.0%, χ2 = 110.74, P < 0.001). With the increase in body mass, the incidence of pulmonary dysfunction gradually decreased. The proportion of residents with pulmonary dysfunction with low body mass was higher than that in residents with normal body mass and high body mass (43.4% vs. 27.8% or 22.8%, χ2 = 8.86, 17.63, P = 0.003, < 0.001). The proportion of residents with pulmonary dysfunction was higher in those with a history of chronic bronchitis, bronchial asthma, or obstructive pulmonary disease than in those without such a history (68.3% vs. 23.2%) χ2 = 263.33, P < 0.001). The proportion of residents with pulmonary dysfunction was significantly higher in smokers, whether or not had quit smoking than in non-smokers (35.1%, 36.3% vs. 22.8%, χ2 = 48.83, 86.46, both P < 0.001). The proportion of residents with the normal pulmonary function was not related to the exposure history of dust and chemical poisons and the family history of respiratory diseases ( χ2 = 0.38, 2.29, P = 0.535, 0.130). Multivariate analysis showed that age ≥ 60 years, male sex, low body mass, smoking, and a history of respiratory system diseases were the independent risk factors for pulmonary dysfunction. Among smokers, the number of cigarettes smoked was higher in smokers with pulmonary dysfunction than those with normal pulmonary function ( t = -2.39, P = 0.009). Conclusion:There are many risk factors for pulmonary dysfunction. Primary medical service institutes should carry out pulmonary function testing and formulate targeted prevention strategies, which help realize early detection and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.