Objective To study the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in the lung tissues of smoking cessation rat model. Methods Fifty Wistar rats were randomly divided into the normal control rats which were exposed to room air for 4 and 6 months respectively(groups A and C), the smoking rats which were exposed to cigarette smoke for 4 and 6 month respectively(groups B and D), and the smoking cessation group which was exposed to room air for 2 months after 4 months' smoke exposure.The expressions of mRNA and proteins of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in the lung tissues were detected by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry respectively. The collagen Ⅳ expression in the lung tissues was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Results Compared with groups A and C, the expression levels of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in the lung tissues of groups B and D significantly elevated(P

Objective To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase 9(MMP-9)and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1(TIMP-1)in patients with acute exacerbation of severe chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (AECOPD)treated with glucocorticoids.Methods The serum levels of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 were measured by ELISA in 41 patients with AECOPD before and after treatment with glucocorticoids and in 40 patients with regular methods(control group).Results ①After treatment with glucocorticoids,the serum levels of MMP-9(189.25±52.38)μg/L、TIMP-1(198.38±43.45)μg/L,ratio of MMP-9/TIMP-1(0.92±0.37)were decreased significantly than before((246.10±68.64)μg/L,(217.63±62.34)μg/L,(1.09±0.23))(P<0.01,P<0.05,P<0.05);but there were no differences(P>0.05)in regular methods(control group);② After treatment with glucoeorticoids, FEV_1、FEV_1%((0.83±0.35)L,(46±17)%)were impmved than before((0.72±0.48)L,(34±15)%)(P<0.05).Conclusions After treatment with glucocorticoids,the serum levels of MMP-9、TIMP-1、ratio of MMP-9/TIMP-1 from patients with COPD were decreased significandy,and FEV_1、FEV_1%were improved significant;Glucocorticoids can alleviate severs AECOPD to some degrees,which might be related to improving the imbalance of MMP-9/TIMP-1.

We produced and identified the monoclonal antibodies against Brucella melitensis U‐lipoprotein OMP19 .A DNA fragment coding omp19 of Brucella melitensis was amplified by PCR ,and inserted into the vector of pET‐30a(+ ) ,the result‐ant recombinant plasmid ,which we designated as pET‐30a(+ )/omp19 .We then transformed the plasmid into BL21(DE3) competent cells for the expression of the OMP19 protein .After induction with different concentrations of IPTG ,the colleted cells were analyzed by SDS‐PAGE ,and then OMP19 monoclonal antibodies were prepared through hybridoma technology . These mAbs were tested to reactivity to rOMP19 and nature membrance proteins (NMP) of Brucella melitensis by Western blot and IEST .We successfully constructed an expression vector of pET 30a(+ )/omp19 .An IPTG‐induced expression of the OMP19 protein (19 kDa in molecular weight) was demonstrated by SDS‐PAGE .The fusion protein existed in the form of solu‐ble ,and the OMP19 protein of high purity could be obtained by Ni‐NTA .Western blot assay showed that the refolded protein could be recognized by the anti‐serum against Brucella melitensis .Twenty‐three mAbs to OMP19 was produced in which 91 .30% were IgG1 ,twenty‐two (95 .65% ) mAbs could recognize nature OMP19 protein ,and eighteen (78 .26% ) mAbs could recognize NMP ,four mAbs could react with Brucella melitensis .The protein maintained good immunogenicity and twenty‐three mAbs were obtained ,which we believe provides a good protein candidate for the immunological research .

OBJECTIVETo observe the differences in onset time and the overall efficacy of the acupuncture therapy of dredging Governor Vessel and regulating mentality combined with fluoxetine and the fluoxetine for post-stroke depression(PSD).

METHODSSixty-three patients were randomly divided into an acupuncture intervention of dredging Governor Vessel and regulating mentality group(acupuncture and medication group, 33 cases) and a control group (medication group, 30 cases). In the medication group, 20 mg fluoxetine was used by oral administration, once a day at 7:00 in the morning, continuously for 4 weeks. In the acupuncture and medication group, based on the oral administration of fluoxetine, the acupuncture intervention of dredging Governor Vessel and regulating mentality was applied mainly at Baihui(GV 20), Fengfu(GV 16), Shenting(GV 24), Shuigou(GV 26), Dazhui(GV 14) and Shendao(GV 11), once a day, 6 times a week, continuously for 4 weeks. Twenty-four items in Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD), modified Edinburgh Scandinavia Stroke Scale(MESSS) and activity of daily life scale(ADL, Barthel index, BI) were used before and after 2-week and 4-week treatment. The efficacy was compared between the two groups.

RESULTSAfter 2-week treatment, the HAMD score and the MESSS score in the acupuncture and medication group were obviously decreased and the BI score was apparently increased(all P<0. 01). In the medication group, however, the score of every scale was not statistically different from that before treatment(P'>0. 05). After 4-week treatment, HAMD scores and MESSS scores in the two groups were obviously decreased and the BI scores I were apparently increased(all P<0. 01). After 2-week and 4-week treatment, the HAMD scores and the MESSS scores in the acupuncture and medication group were lower than those in the medication group and the BI scores were higher than those in the medication group(P<0. 01, P<0. 05). The total effective rate of anti-depression (97. 0%, 32/33) the total effective rate of nerve function impairment(90. 9%, 30/33) and the total effective rate of daily life activity(97. 0% 32/33) in the acupuncture and medication group were better than 80. 0% (24/30), 80. 0%(24/30), 83. 3%(25/30) in the medication group(all P<0. 05).

CONCLUSIONThe acupuncture therapy of dredging Governor Vessel and regulating mentality could reduce the onset time of anti-depression medicine treatment of PSD and enhance the overall efficacy. Therefore, it enhances the clinical compliance.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Antidepressive Agents ; administration & dosage ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Depression ; drug therapy ; etiology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Meridians ; Middle Aged ; Stroke ; complications ; psychology

OBJECTIVE: To study molecular mechanism of suppressive effect of macrophages posttrauma on T cell functions. METHODS: A murine closed trauma model was used, macrophages were harvested from the abdominal cavity and added into the culture system of T cells, which were separated from splenocytes in normal mice using nylon column. T cell functions and intracellular messenger molecules were determined. In addition, the effect of macrophages' removal from splenocytes of traumatized mice on T cell functions and intracellular messenger molecules was investigated. RESULTS: Macrophages posttrauma in vitro could obviously suppress ConA stimulated normal T cell functions such as T lymphocyte transformation, interleukin 2 (IL-2) production, IL-2 receptor alpha (IL-2Ralpha) expression, IL-2 mRNA and IL-2Ralpha mRNA levels, and elevate cAMP contents of activated normal T cells while decreasing cGMP contents, intracellular free calcium ([Ca(2+)]i) concentration and protein kinase C (PKC) activity. Removal of macrophages from splenocytes of traumatized mice could at certain degree reverse the suppression of T cell functions, decrease cAMP contents while increasing cGMP contents, [Ca(2+)]i concentration and PKC activity. CONCLUSIONS: Macrophages posttrauma may suppress T cell functions via altering messenger molecule levels in activated T cells.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether macrophages post trauma have inhibitory effect on normal T cells via direct cell to cell contact. METHODS: A murine amputation injury model was used, macrophages were harvested from abdominal cavity and treated with mitomycin-C to abrogate the secretion of cytokines. Separation of T cells from splenocytes in normal mice was performed using nylon column method. Mitomycin-C treated macrophages from control and traumatized mice were added into the normal T cell culture systems, then various parameters of T cell functions were determined. RESULTS: The production and secretion of interleukin 1 (IL-1), interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and prostaglandin E-2 (PGE-2) could be abrogated after macrophages were treated with 25 &mgr;g/mL mitomycin-C for 30 minutes. Mitomycin-C treated macrophages from traumatized mice could obviously suppress T lymphocyte transformation, IL-2 mRNA and IL-2Ralpha mRNA levels, IL-2 production, IL-2Ralpha expression, IL-2 mediated lymphocyte proliferation response of normal T cells, could not affect IL-2-IL-2R interaction but elevated suppressive action of Ts cells. Removal of Ts cells from T cells could almost abolish the inhibition of macrophages. CONCLUSIONS: Macrophages post trauma can suppress T cell functions by depressing IL-2 and IL-2Ralpha gene expression via direct cell to cell contact, and this effect may be mediated mainly by increasing the action of Ts cells.

Objective:Clinical characteristics and diagnosis and treatment process was reported and analyzed of a patient with brucellosis complicated with thyroid abscess, providing reference for the clinical diagnosis of brucellosis complicated with thyroid abscess.Methods:Clinical medical records of a patient with brucellosis complicated with thyroid abscess who was treated at the General Surgery Department of Yanchi County People's Hospital in Wuzhong City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in November 2021 were collected. The clinical manifestations, blood routine, brucella antibodies, thyroid function, bacterial culture, thyroid ultrasound and other examination results, as well as the diagnosis and treatment process, were comprehensively analyzed. Results:The patient was a male, 61 years old, who presented with a neck mass without typical clinical manifestations of brucellosis. Thyroid ultrasound revealed a space occupying lesion, and the preliminary diagnosis was thyroid cystadenoma. Thyroid right lobe and isthmus resection surgery was performed. During the operation, it was found that some of the thyroid glands were tightly adhered to the cervical blood vessels, so the resection surgery was changed to abscess drainage, and the drainage fluid was purulent and bloody. The bacterial culture result of thyroid purulent fluid (intraoperative puncture fluid and postoperative drainage fluid) was brucella lamblia, and the serum brucella test tube agglutination test titer was 1 ∶ 400 (+++). The patient improved and was discharged after local drainage and anti brucella treatment. Follow up for 4 months showed no abnormalities. Conclusions:Brucellosis which begins with a local infection of the thyroid gland is extremely rare, with no characteristic clinical manifestations, and is prone to misdiagnosis. Timely correction of the surgical plan during the treatment process avoids the removal of the patient's thyroid, which has a certain clinical reference value.

The identification of BCR-ABL fusion gene and the advent of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) targeting this mutation have promoted the landmark progress of diagnosis and treatment in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), and have dramatically changed the treatment management and disease prognosis for CML patients. Most of the western countries hold a view that CML is cut and dried, but the situation is not the same in developing countries. Currently, more attention is paid to the discontinuation of TKI. In addition, deep challenges remain in the low- and middle-income countries. This paper reviews the treatment progress of CML and challenges in low-and middle-income countries reported at the 61st American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting.