Objective To investigate the changes of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO)) and their relation with lung function in bronchial asthma.Methods FENO and forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) were measured during the periods of acute onset,chronic persistence and paracmasis in 54 patients with asthma and 19 healthy persons.Results There were significant differences in the levels of FENO and FEV1 among the course of acute onset [(57.59 ± 32.24) ppb and (1.72± 0.33) L],chronic persistent course [(40.02 ± 15.68) ppb and (2.41 ± 0.23) L],paracmasis [(26.71±6.07) ppb and (2.82±0.29 )L]and control[(14.74±3.42 ) ppb and (2.93±0.13)L] (F=19.555,163.096,P＜0.01) except for the levels of FEV1 between paracmasis and control group(P＞0.05).The negative correlation between FENO and FEV1 was found in the course of acute onset(r=- 0.666,P =0.005 ),but not in the chronic persistent course ( r =- 0.288,P =0.176) and paracmasis(r=-0.246,P=0.457).Conclusions The level of FENO is increased and may be useful to evaluate control degree in patients with asthma.

Cancer screening has been considered as double-edged sword with both advantages and disadvantages.For decades,there have been strong interests in screening strategies for the early detection of cancers to reduce the mortality,especially breast X-ray (mammography) screening.However,several evidences also suggested that the benefit of reduction of breast-cancer mortality with mammography might become a problem due to the repeat mammography,subsequent biopsies,and overdiagnosis.And different screening strategies with different models,different intervals,and different target populations also incurred debates.After systematical analysis and discussion,we suggested to focus on high-risk population,improve the accuracy of screening technique,conduct the informed consent of participants,and explore individual screening mode in the screening of breast cancer.

Objective To provide better emergency and patient services in well-equipped comprehensive hospitals, the organization and wisdom therapeutic strategy are of great importance for the recovery of injured patients from the earthquake zone. Method From 12 May 2008, following the 8.0 Magnitude earthquake in Wenchuan county of Sichuan Province, six Chongqing hospitals with third class in grade A were involved in the rescue of the injured patients with great effort. A total of 533 patients were retreated and followed up from quake zone. All the patients were scored with ISS and AIS system. The profiles of the patients examined, operated and clinical infection investigation were documented. Results Of 533 patients, the number of the patients whose ISS is below 16 is 456 (83.6%), the number between 16 and 25 is 65 (12.2%), and the humor above 25 is 12 (2.3%). The patients were classfled based on their fracture parts as follows: head and neck (n = 42), face (n = 7), chest (n = 114), abdominal and cavitas pelvis (n =81), limb and pelvis (n =314), body surface (n =205), with 180 single fracture site, 139 of them being two combined fracture sites, and 114 of them being above three combined fracture sites. Thirty-two of the patients were suffered from amputation. The number of patients suffered from crushing syndrome reached 21, with 281 surgical operations in hospitals. Seventy-nine patients were suffered from infections including 87.3% of pre-hespital infections. The results from bacteria culture and antibiotic susceptibility showed that the infected bacteria mainly involved in Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus anreus, Staphylococcus haemolyticns, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Baumanii, Aerobacter cloacae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, C type chain coccus, Bacillus aerogenes capsulatus. The antibiotic susceptibility to diverse bacteria has no obvious changes and exists partial overlapping, and infected patients should be given the treatment of cephalosporin, macrolide antibiotic and so on. Conclusions For the emergency conditions after the catastrophe, the comprehensive hospitals must be prepared to meet large quantities of severe trauma and infection therapy. The scientific selection of antibiotics in the combinative therapy is of great importance to the enhancement of early specific treatment, prevention of severe trauma complications and rehabilitation of patients.

To explore the effect of Astragalus membranaceus, a traditional Chinese medicine, on metabolic homeostasis of heart, brain and blood in mice, and to elucidate the cardio-cerebrovascular protective mechanisms of AR from the perspective of metabolic regulation. Thirteen ICR male mice were randomly divided into two groups which were intragastrically administered with ultrapure water and aqueous extract of Astragalus membranaceus for 10 consecutive days, respectively. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were used to comprehensively characterize the metabolic profiles of serum, heart and brain tissues. Multivariate statistical analysis combined with nonparametric tests were applied to screen and identify different metabolites, and then the related metabolic pathways were uncovered. Multivariate statistical analysis showed that the metabolic profiles of serum, heart, and brain tissues of mice after Astragalus membranaceus intervention significantly changed compared with the control group. A total of 15, 19, and 17 metabolites were identified in serum, heart, and brain tissues, respectively, among which palmitic acid and LysoPC (20∶3) were screened out from all types of biological samples. The results of metabolic pathway enrichment analysis showed that amino acid metabolism, phospholipid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism and tricarboxylic acid cycle were significantly affected. Astragalus membranaceus may protect the cardio-cerebrovascular system by regulating the metabolic homeostasis of amino acids, lipids and energy.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer for Chinese women. Early screening is the best way to improve the rates of early diagnosis and early treatment of breast cancer. The peak ages of breast cancer in Chinese women are obviously different from those in the European and American countries. It is imperative to develop a guideline for breast cancer screening that is suitable for Chinese women. Based on the analysis and summary of breast cancer screening data in China, and the latest guidelines and consensus on breast cancer screening in Europe, the United States and East Asia, China Anti-Cancer Association and National Clinical Research Center for Cancer (Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital) has developed a population-based guideline for breast cancer screening in Chinese women. This guideline has provided detailed recommendations on the screening starting age, screening modalities, and screening interval in Chinese women with average risk and high risk of breast cancer, respectively. This article aims to interpret the above guideline, providing references for professionals in breast cancer screening.

OBJECTIVE Nowadays, the development of pharmacy discipline has a new trend, which is reflected in the close connection with the national strategy, the integration of basic and applied research, the high degree of discipline intersection, the long achievement cycle, and the high career access, etc. The traditional model of pharmacy talent cultivation can no longer meet the needs of the development of pharmacy discipline and the creation of new drugs in the new era, therefore, it puts forward new paths of the cultivation of innovative talents in pharmacy. METHODS On the basis of analyzing the main problems existing in the process of cultivation of existing pharmacy talents, to describe the new trends and new paths of cultivation of top-notch innovative pharmacy talents in the new era. RESULTS Propose to start from the four aspects of the trinity of the guidance mechanism, the mechanism of the science education and human resources mechanism, the regularization of the joint mechanism, and the mechanism of the cultivation of talents. CONCLUSION It is proposed to build a talent cultivation model with a "Student-Scholar" orientation, to provide new ideas for the cultivation of future pharmacy talents in the new era.

OBJECTIVE To standardize the use of sterile powder for injection redissolution solvent and intravenous drugs diluent solvent， and ensure the safety of clinical drug use. METHODS The intravenous drug resolvent generation system and the intravenous drug solvent incompatibility rules library were constructed and operated by prescription-checking pharmacist team in our hospital by formulating a list of intravenous drugs needed to be dissolved with sterilized water for injection and a contraindication list of intravenous solvent compatibility. The unreasonable medical orders reviewed and intervened in our hospital from January to April 2023 （before the implementation of the intravenous drug solvent incompatibility rules library） and from May to August 2023 （after the implementation） were analyzed statistically to compare the number of unreasonable solvent selection orders， interception rate， and the success rate of pharmacists’ interventions for unreasonable solvent selection orders before and after the implementation. RESULTS Before the implementation of the solvent incompatibility rules library， a total of 5 229 groups of medical orders with unreasonable solvent selection in our hospital were identified， among which there were 1 204 groups of seriously unreasonable medical orders， with interception rate of 23.03% and the success rate of pharmacists’ intervention of 15.90%. After the implementation of the solvent incompatibility rules library， the total number of medical orders with unreasonable solvent selection was 3 258 groups， among which there were 1 148 groups of seriously unreasonable medical orders， with interception rate of 35.24% and success rate of pharmacists’ intervention of 24.83%， being significantly higher than before implementation （P＜0.01 or P＜0.001）. CONCLUSIONS The establishment and application of the intravenous drug resolvent generation system and the solvent incompatibility rules library can significantly increase the interception rate of unreasonable solvent selection orders and the success rate of pharmacists’ interventions, and ensure the safety of clinical drug use.