BACKGROUND:Because of limited source and a relatively weak ability of differentiation and proliferation, how to take positive and effective measures to promote neural stem cel proliferation, differentiation has become the focus of research.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of drug-contained sera ofNaoluo Xintong versus Zuoguipil on the proliferation and differentiation ofin vitro cultured rat neural stem cels.
METHODS:Embryonic neural stem cels of Sprague-Dawley rats were isolated and culturedin vitro, and then were co-cultured with the serum medium containing 10%Naoluo Xintong and 10%Zuoguipil, respectively. Comparative observations were performed between two groups by inverted microscope and immunofluorescence staining.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Under the inverted microscope, the cels began to grow in cluster and gather into a bal, but the diameter was relatively smal after 24-hour culture; the neurospheres expended further, with relatively regular shape, but no neurosphere differentiation appeared after 48 hours of culture. The average prominent length of the neurospheres in theZuoguipil group was significantly greater than that in theNaoluo Xintong group after 5 days of culture (P < 0.05). The rate of rat neural stem cels differentiating into MAP-2-positive cels in theZuoguipil group was significantly lower than that in the Naoluo Xintong group (P < 0.05), but the rate of differentiated cels positive for glial fibrilary acidic protein in theZuoguipil group was significantly higher than that in theNaoluo Xintong group (P < 0.05). After 48 hours of culture, neurospheres were cultured in the different drug-contained media, and 12 hours later, the neurospheres adhered to the wal, and a smal amount of cel migration occurred. Then, cel migration began to increase with time. Under the immunofluorescence staining: prominent neurons with long protrusions were increased in both two groups, but there were no significant differences in the proportion of neurons and astrocytes between two groups (P > 0.05). These findings suggest that drug-contained sera ofNaoluo Xintong andZuoguipil can both not only promote the proliferation and differentiation ofin vitro cultured rat neural stem cels, but also provide a suitable microenvironment for neural cel proliferation. Additionaly, there are significant differences between the two drugs. Consequently, it is feasible to induce neural cel proliferation and differentiation byNaoluo Xintong andZuoguipil.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other aging-related diseases have become an important public health issue in China. However, current clinical drugs have failed to reverse the pathological process of AD. The holistic approach of traditional Chinese medicine offers advantages in improving cognitive function in AD through multiple molecular pathways, and may have potential for preventing AD. This paper summarizes the effects of classical traditional Chinese medicine and its active components in the improvement of AD-related cognitive dysfunction and describes the functional targets and related molecular mechanisms. This may have significance for the prevention and treatment of AD through multi-target intervention.

Post stroke depression (PSD) is a common complication after senile cerebrovascular diseases. It influences both physical and mental health of the elderly severely. So, the attention should be paid to not only the medical cares but also the function and mental rehabilitation, in order to improve the qualities of PSD patients' lives and decrease the death rate.

Hip ; diagnostic imaging ; Histiocytosis, Sinus ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective To compare the lateral decubitus and supine position in the treatment of femoral intertrochanteric fractures with femoral proximal nail antirotation (PFNA).Methods A retrospective analysis was performed of the 85 patients with intertrochanteric fracture who had been treated at our hospital between September 2013 and September 2014.They were 24 men and 61 women,28 to 99 years of age (average,78.5 years).By Evans-Jensen classification,one case was type Ⅰ,15 cases were type Ⅱ,40 type Ⅲ,23 type Ⅳ,and 6 type Ⅴ.All the patients were treated with internal fixation with PFNA.Lateral decubitus position was adopted in 45 cases and supine position in 40.The 2 groups were compared in terms of operation time,intraoperative bleeding volume,difference between preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin values,tip-apex distance (TAD),calcar tip-apex distance (Cal-TAD),fracture healing time,and Harris score of the hip joint.Results The 85 patients were followed up for 9 to 21 months (average,13.6 months).Both 2 groups obtained fracture healing,with no screw cut-out.The lateral decubitus group had significantly less operation time (60.3 ± 17.5 min) and intraoperative bleeding volume (70.8 ± 37.8 mL) than the supine position group (72.7 ± 19.7 min and 90.3 ± 20.9 mL,respectively) (P ＜ 0.05).The former also had a significantly smaller difference between preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin values (24.1 ± 5.7 g/L) than the latter (28.2 ± 8.5 g/L) (P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in TAD,Cal-TAD,fracture healing time (3.7 ± 0.9 months versus 3.7 ± 1.0 months),or Harris hip score (73.4 ± 10.7 versus 75.5 ± 9.5) (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion In the treatment of femoral intertrochanteric fractures with PFNA,lateral decubitus position may be associated with shorter operation time and less intraoperative blood loss compared with supine position.

Objective To investigate the influence of tooth preparation surface roughness and different dental ce-ments on adhesive strength, and provide some reference information on the selection of dental rotary instruments and dental cements. Methods Sixty dentin samples were prepared and randomly divided into 3 groups. Samples from group A, B and C were grinded by diamond burs with grit-sizes of 125μm, 60μm and 28μm respectively. Two samples selected randomly from each group were observed under scanning electron microscope (SEM) for the surface microprofile. The remaining 18 samples from each group were evenly divided into 3 subgroups. Each subgroup was teamed with one of 3 dental cements:zinc polycarboxylate cement (ZP), glass ionomer cement (GI) and resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGI). Co-Cr alloy casts were cemented onto the dentin samples, and the adhesive strength was tested. Meanwhile, the types of failure were re-corded for each sample. Results The surface roughness of tooth preparation samples showed a downward trend in group A, group B and group C. Among the involved 3 dental cements, RMGI exhibited the highest adhesive strength, and there was no significant difference in the adhesive strength between ZP and GI. Among different combination subgroups, A-RMGI had the highest adhesive strength, B-RMGI run the second place, while C-ZP and C-GI were proved the lowest. However, there was no interaction between the two factors. Furthermore, group A mainly showed failure typesⅠandⅡ, group B evenly showed all the failure types and group C mainly showed failure typesⅡandⅢ. Conclusion The adhesive strength is related to the surface roughness. RMGI exhibits the highest adhesive efficiency. There is no obvious compatibility in particular surface roughness and dental cements.

To design and manufacture a new bone matrix material (NBM) composed of both organic and inorganic materials for bone tissue engineering, the osteogenic potential of NBM combined with osteoblasts was studied in vitro and in vivo. Osteoblasts from bone marrow stromal cells of New Zealand rabbit were cultured with NBM in vitro , then the materials combined with osteoblasts were implanted into the skeletal muscles of rabbits. The osteogenic potential of NBM was evaluated using contrast microscope, scan electromicroscope and histological examination. Osteoblasts could attach and proliferate well in the NBM, secrecting lots of extracellular matrix, while in vivo experiment of the NBM in osteoblasts group showed that a large number of lymphacytes and phagocytes invaded into the inner of the material in the rabbit skeletal muscle beds after 4 weeks of implantation, no new bone formation was observed after 8 weeks. The different osteogenic potential expressed by NBM between in vitro and in vivo may be due to the immunogenity of NBM which causes cellular immunoreaction to destroy the osteogenic environment. More attention should be paid to the immunoreaction problem in tissue engineering between the host and organic inorganic composite materials.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Cardiotonic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Diuretics ; therapeutic use ; Heart Failure ; drug therapy ; etiology ; surgery ; therapy ; Heart Transplantation ; methods ; Heart-Assist Devices ; Humans ; Pediatrics ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of mesohepatectomy for large and centrally located hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods A retrospective study was carried out on 136 pa tients who underwent mesohepatectomy for large and centrally located hepatocellular carcinoma at Xiangya Hospital,Central South University,from 2001 to 2007.Intraoperative/post operative data and long-term survivals were analyzed.Results Vascular occlusion time,operative time,intraoperative blood loss,intraoperative blood transfusion and hospital stay were (13.3 ± 9.1) min,(173.1 ±41.1)min,(548.7±320.5)ml,(511.4±231.7)ml and (18.6±8.8)d,respectively.Four patients developed major complications.There was no in-hospital death.The 1-,3-,and 5-year overall survival rates and disease-free survival rates were 71％,46％,29％ and 65％,40％,24％,respectively.Conclusions Mesohepatectomy for large and centrally located hepatocellular carcinoma preserved the maximum amount of functional liver parenchyma.It is safe and reliable and may be used as the treatment of choice.