This research is to investigate study the flavonoids from stems of Nelumbo nucifera and the cytotoxic activities of iso- lated compounds. The constituents were separated by column chromatography,and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data analyses. The isolated compounds were evaluated for cytoxic activities by MTT method. Twelve compounds were isolated and identified as rhamnazin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1), luteolin-3', 4'-dimethylether-7-O-beta-D-glucoside (2), kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->2)-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3), quercetin-3,3'-di-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (4), 1, 8-dihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyxanthone (5), isorhamnetin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside(6) , kaempferol(7), isorhamnetin (8), quercetin(9), astragalin(10), hyperoside (11) and 1-hy- droxy-3,7,8-trimethoxyxanthone(12). All compounds were isolated from stems of this plant for the first time, and compounds 1-5 were firstly isolated from the family nelumbonaceae. Compounds 24 and 6 showed significant cytotoxic activities against BEL-7402 carcinoma cell lines at a concentration of 1 x 10(-5) mol x L(-1) with the inhibitory rate of 67.36%, 53.25%, 57.78%, 60.13% and 52.11%, respectively.
Cell Line, Tumor ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Nelumbo ; chemistry ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Plant Stems ; chemistry

This study is to study is to investigate the coumarins from Fruit of Cnidium monnieri and their cytotoxic activities. The constituents were separated by column chromatography, and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data analyses. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytoxic activities by MTT method. Eleven compounds were isolated and identified as osthole (1), bergaptan (2), xanthotoxol (3), xanthotoxin (4), imperatorin (5), isopimpinellin (6), osthenol (7), psoralen (8), 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin (9), oxypeucedaninhydrate (10), and swietenocoumarin F (11). Compounds 7, 9-11 were isolated from the Cnidium genus for the first time. Compounds 1,5,10 and 11 showed significant cytotoxic activities against L1210 cell lines at a concentration of 1 x 10(-5) mol x L(-1) with inhibitory rates of were 70.13, 63.10, 55.77, and 75.08% respectively.
Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cnidium ; chemistry ; toxicity ; Coumarins ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; toxicity ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; toxicity ; Fruit ; chemistry ; toxicity ; Mice ; Molecular Structure

Objective To observe the effect of total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) on intrapulmonary shunt fraction and arterial oxygenation during one-lung ventilation (OLV) for thoracoscope surgery.Methods Forty patients scheduled for thoracoscope surgery were randomly assigned to two groups ( n =20),group of TIVA (A) and group of intravenous anesthesia combined with inhalational anesthesia(B).After inducing and intubating,patients were assigned to maintenance of anesthesia with propofol ( group A)or with sevoflurane ( group B) in order to maintain a BIS between 40 and 60.Mean arterial pressure (MAP),heart rate (HR),SpO2 and Paw were measured in four phases,always in the lateral position,10min after beginning two-lung ventilation (TLV),15 min after beginning OLV (OLV + 15 ),30 rain after beginning OLV ( OLV + 30) and 60 min after beginning OLV ( OLV + 60).Blood samples were drawn simultaneously and analyzed within 5 min.The Qs/Qt at each phase was calculated.Adverse events including hypotension,bradycardia,hypoxemia,delayed emergence and restlessness in recovery period were recorded.Results In all patients,a decrease in PaO2 and an increase in the Qs/Qt occurred during OLV were observed.But PaO2 values in group A were significantly higher than those in group B ( 177 ±88 vs 125 ±63;150 ±65 vs 110 ±67;188 ±69 vs 128 ±52) ( P ＜0.05).The Qs/Qt in group B was significantly higher than those in group A (34.2 ±5 vs 28.8 ±2;38.4 ±8 vs 32.1 ±6;37.1 ±2 vs 29.5 ±2,P ＜0.05).MAP values in group A were significantly lower than those in group B at the phase:OLV + 15 and OLV +30(72 ± 10 vs 88 ± 14;74 ± 12 vs 89 ± 10) ( P ＜ 0.05 ).The incidence of hypotension and delayed emergence in group A was higher than those in group B ( 10 case vs 4 case;9 case vs 2 case).The incidence of restlessness in recovery period in group B was more than those in group A (9 case vs 3 case).The differences between two groups were significant ( P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Compared with sevoflurane-sufentanyl combined anesthesia,TIVA with propofol can efficiently decrease intrapulmonary shunt fraction and improve arterial oxygenation during OLV for thoracoscope surgery,which is good for the prevention of hypoxemia.

Objective To compare the efficacy of Discoscope endoscope and GlideScope video laryngoscope for difficult glottis exposure.Methods Forty adult patients of both sexes scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia whose glottis was not visible at laryngoscopy (grade Ⅲ or Ⅳ according to Cormach-Lehane Grading of laryngoscopic view) were randomized into 2 groups (n =20 each):group GlideScope video laryngoscope (group G) and group Discoscope endoscope (group D).The glottis exposure time,intubating conditions,time from exposure of glottis to completion of tracheal intubation and incidence of postoperative sore throat and throat bleeding were recorded and compared between the 2 groups.Results Compared with group G,the glottis exposure time was significantly longer,the rate of backward pressure of cricoid cartilage lower,the time from exposure of glottis to completion of tracheal intubation shorter and the success rate of tracheal intubation at first attempt higher (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the success rate of tracheal intubation at second attempt and postoperative incidence of sore throat and throat bleeding between the 2 groups(P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion DiscoScope endoscope is superior to GlideScope video laryngoscope in the management of difficult intubation in term of glottis exposure and success rate of tracheal intubation at first attempt.

The way of "extracting-salting-chromatography" was used to purify the phycoerythrin and phycocyanin from Porphyra yezoensis in process scale-up.First,by comprehensive comparison of efficiency,the Sephadex G-25 was selected from four resins (Sephadex G-25、G-100、S-300 and CL-6B) as the best choice used in crude extract desalting of phycobiliprotein.Then the preparation process of phycobiliprotein was scaled-up with raw material(Porphyra yezoensis) increased from 1g to 20g,and finally to 400g.The results indicated that the yields of purified phycoerythrin and phycocyanin (absorption spectra purity above 3.2) increased during according to process scale-up,with 0.323% phycoerythrin and 0.148% phycocyanin obtained from 400g frozen Porphyra yezoensis blades respectively.It is no doubt that the process involved in the experiment is a potential way for large scale preparation of phycobiliproteins of high purity.

This study was aimed to explore the effect of bortezomib and low concentration cytarabine (Ara-C) on proliferation and apoptosis in U937 cell line and its mechanism. The proliferation and apoptosis of U937 cells treated with bortezomib (10 nmol/L) and(or) Ara-C (50 nmol/L) were observed by cell count, cell morphology, flow cytometry and Western blot. The results showed that bortezomib and Ara-C alone inhibited U937 cell proliferation. The inhibitory effect was enhanced by combination of these two drugs, the inhibitory rates of U937 cell proliferation were (55.00 ± 2.81)% and (70.02 ± 3.33)% after treatment for 24 h and 48 h, respectively. Bortezomib and Ara-C synergistically induced apoptosis and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential in U937 cells. The percentage of Rhodamin123 positive cells was (38.70 ± 1.54)%. Bortezomib and Ara-C also synergistically induced activation of caspase-9, caspase-8 and caspase-3. It is concluded that the bortezomib and low concentration Ara-C synergistically induced apoptosis in U937 cells, mainly through mitochondrial pathway, and possibly through death receptor pathway.
Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Boronic Acids ; pharmacology ; Bortezomib ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cytarabine ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Pyrazines ; pharmacology ; U937 Cells

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of San-huang-sheng-fu oil on wounds of full-thickness scald in rabbits.

METHODSFull-thickness scald wounds with area of 6 cm(2) were reproduced on both sides of the back in 9 experimental rabbits by water vapor. These rabbits were divided into sesame oil (S1), San-huang-sheng-fu oil (S2), and mupirocin ointment (M) groups according to the random number table, with 3 rabbits (6 wounds) in each group. Two wounds of each rabbit in the three groups were respectively treated with sesame oil, San-huang-sheng-fu oil, and mupirocin ointment, in a dose of 0.15 mL/cm(2), 2-3 times per day. The general condition of wounds was observed on post scald day (PSD) 1, 11, 22, and 45. The wound healing time was recorded. The wound healing rate was calculated on PSD 5, 11, 15, and 22. All the rabbits were sacrificed on PSD 45, and wound tissues were subjected to histomorphological study with HE staining. The protein expressions of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were observed with immunofluorescence staining for the other part of wound tissues. Data were processed with one-way analysis of variance or LSD-t test.

RESULTS(1) The wound healing quality of rabbits in S2 group was better than that in the other two groups. (2) The wound healing time of rabbits in S2 group [(11.2 ± 2.3) d] was significantly shorter than that in S1 group [(21.2 ± 3.1) d, t = 2.591, P < 0.05]. (3) The wound healing rate of rabbit in each group was increased gradually on PSD 5-22. The wound healing rates of rabbits in S2 group on PSD 5-22 were significantly higher than those in S1 group (with t values from 3.920 to 8.605, P values all below 0.05). (4) Histomorphological observation showed that the structure of wound tissues in S2 group was in much better integrity than that in the other two groups, including regenerated hair follicles in the corium layer and regularly arranged collagen fibers. The protein expressions of TGF-β1, bFGF, and VEGF in S2 group were all higher than those in the other two groups.

CONCLUSIONSSan-huang-sheng-fu oil can up-regulate the protein expressions of TGF-β1, bFGF, and VEGF, induce vascular regeneration, promote wound healing, and shorten wound healing time.

Animals ; Burns ; drug therapy ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 ; metabolism ; Mupirocin ; therapeutic use ; Rabbits ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; metabolism ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism ; Wound Healing ; drug effects

Objective To analyze the spatial characteristic on the distribution of Oncomelania hupensis in mountainous regions.Methods Based on the geographic database of snail distribution in Puge county,Sichuan province,spatial autocorrelation analysis and spatial scan statistics were applied to analyze the spatial characteristic of snail distribution.Results With regard to the rate of frame with snails,the global Moran's I indicator was 0.095(P<0.05),which indicated the spatial autocorrelation of snail distribution in Puge county.Data from the local spalial autocorrelation analysis showed that there were 28 snail habitats with statistically significant differences on local indicators of spatial autocorrelation(LISA)value(P<0.05),among which existed high-high,low-low,low-high and high-low four types of correlation model.The Spatial Scan Statistics had in total identified 24 snail habitat clusters(P<0.05),including 14 high rate clusters and 10 low rate clusters,and the result was similar to that of LISA analysis.Conclusion There were spatial autocorrelation and spatial aggregation of snail distribution in mountainous regions,meanwhile spatial heterogeneity of snail distribution also existed.This law could be explored for beaer control of snails.

OBJECTIVEHigh risk human papilomavirus (HPV) infection is often related to cervical cancer. This study investigated the infection of high risk HPV in cervical epithelia among infertile patients. Relative quantification and absolute quantification were applied for determination of "real" HPV viral load in the clinical setting.

METHODSAdopting multi-channels real time PCR to genotype and quantify eight high risk HPV (HPV16, 18, 45, 31; intermediate risk types: HPV33, 52, 58, 67) DNA in cervical epithelia of the 130 infertile patients and the 150 controls. This study applied housekeeping gene (beta-globin) for the DNA quantification on secretions samples for clinical diagnosis.

RESULTSThe infection rate of the infertility group was 25.38 percent (33/130) and that of the control group was 11.33 percent (17/150), the difference was statistically significant. Among the 33 positive cases in the infertility group, 24 cases showed a viral load no less than 106; in 9 of them, the viral load was less than 106. Among the 17 positive cases in the control group, 4 cases had a viral load no less than 106; in 13 of them, the viral load was less than 106. There is a statistically significant difference in viral load between the infertility group and the control group.

CONCLUSIONThe HPV infection rate of the infertility group was higher than that of the control group.

Adult ; Alphapapillomavirus ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Female ; Humans ; Infertility, Female ; virology ; Papillomavirus Infections ; virology ; Vaginal Smears ; Viral Load ; Young Adult

Drug resistance is an important character of leukemic stem cells. To explore the mechanism of the chemotherapy resistance of N-cadherin positive leukemia cells, the quiescent state of N-cadherin positive leukemia cells was determined by flow cytometry and the relationship of G(0) phase cell ratio with the chemotherapy resistance was analyzed. After KG1a cells were induced to enter cell cycle, the G(0) phase cell ratio and the sensitivity of cells to VP16 were determined. Finally the quiescent state and drug resistance properties of KG1a cells were determined after inhibiting N-cadherin-mediated cell-cell interaction by EGTA treatment. The results showed that the G(0) phase cell ratio in N-cadherin positive KG1a cells was higher than that in N-cadherin negative KG1a cells. After KG1a cells were induced to enter cell cycle, the G(0) phase cell ratio was decreased significantly and the sensitivity of KG1a cells to VP16 increased. Following EGTA treatment for 24 hours, the G(0) phase cell ratio decreased and the drug-sensitivity was enhanced significantly. It is concluded that N-cadherin-mediated adhesion keeps N-cadherin positive leukemia cells in quiescent state of G(0) phase, thus protect these leukemia cells against VP16 chemotherapy.
Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cadherins ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Etoposide ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; drug therapy ; Resting Phase, Cell Cycle ; drug effects