[Objective]To summarize the clinical experience of treating chloasma with the theory of the Zangfu-organs by Pro.Sun Yinong. [Method]By analyzing the idea of Sun’s therapy and medication of the proven case, it elaborates Pro.Sun Yinong’s clinical experience on using Chinese herbs to treat chloasma under the theory of the Zangfu-organs. [Results]The five Zang-organs perform their respective duties, any pathological changes in the five Zang-organs al can cause chloasma. We adapted at different herbs therapy to treat chloasma, which relieved the patient ’s clinical symptoms, and achieved satisfactory clinical outcome.[Conclusion] Starting from the five Zang-organs on the treatment based on syndrome differentiation, not only provides a new thought for the treatment of chloasma,but also ful y embodies the concept of holism and syndrome differentiation on TCM treatment of chloasma, which has practical effect on clinical application.

ObjectiveAfter performed the silicone-rubber membrane implantation in rabbits, we investigated the efficacy and security of the silicone-rubber membrane implant through observed intraocular pressure, bleb and morphologic result. MethodsForty rabbits were divided into 4 groups by randomized fashiones. Each group consisted of 10 rabbits. Subscleroflapectomy and the silicone membrane implantation were operated in one eye of each rabbit. And the other eye was only performed subscleroflapectomy, which be controlled eye. The change of intraocular pressure, bleb were observed postoperatively. And every eye for histopathologic examination. ResultsThe lasted time of lower intraocular pressure and filtration bleb in implanted eyes were longer than controlled eyes in two groups. Light microscope revealed that patent drainage tract and bite site could be seen in cilicone membrafe implant eyes. The activity and regularity of fibroblast proliferation in implanted eyes and controlled eyes were similarly. The excessive expression of fibroblast proliferation was not excit ed by silicone membrane. ConclusionIt is characterized by safely, effectively and operate simply that silicone membrane implant drainage surgery act as a new drainage surgery.

BACKGROUND: Glass ionomer cement has been a commonly used filling matedal in the clinic. However, glass ionomer easily absorbs water and dissolves in early concretionary phase, which can reduce the leak tightness of the edge of obturator, resulting in slightly leakage. Therefore, protective agents are necessary following glass monomer filling. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of three protective agents (vaseline, cocoa butter, luminous paint) on edge closeness of glass ionomer cements. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The controlled observation study was performed at the Central Laboratory, Hospital Affiliated to Medical College, Qingdao University from July to October 2007. MATERIALS: Forty freshly block teeth were used. After cleaning the facing, a 5 mm×3 mm×2 mm cavity was made at 1/3 part near to buccal surface using a high speed turbine engine under water cooling. Tooth facing was coated twice with colorless nail-polish at1 mm from the cavity. Apical foramen was covered with rod wax sheet. Teeth were equally and randomly assigned into control group, vaseline group, cocoa butter group and luminous paint group. METHODS: Glass ionomer cement was filled into the cavity. The filling surfaces were respectively coated with vaseline, cocoa utter and luminous paint in each group. The control group was left intact. Hot-cold cycle test and microleakage test were performed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The depth from dye penetration into the cavity wall to filling was recorded. RESULTS: Microleakage to different degrees was observed in each group under the microscope. However, the penetration depth was deeper in the control group than other three groups (P ＜ 0.05). No significant difference in penetration depth was detected among the vaseline, cocoa butter and luminous paint groups (P ＞ 0.05). CONCLUSION: Vaseline, cocoa butter and luminous paint have good effects on wet prevention.

OBJECTIVE:To promote physicians and pharmacists obtain thorough knowledge about drug fever and its main features,clinical manifestation and identification evidence so as to improve the level of diagnosis and treatment. METHODS:The step and process of clinical pharmacists involving in medical consultation and intervention for drug fever were introduced and related knowledge of drug fever was interpreted term-by-term. RESULTS:Drug fever was common in the process of medical diagnosis and treatment. Once occurrence time of drug fever,feature of thermal variation and accompanying body reaction were observed, the relevant diagnosis can be conducted. CONCLUSION:Clinical pharmacists involving in ward around and medical consultation contribute to medical diagnosis,treatment and patient using drug safely,effectively,economically and rationally.

BACKGROUND: Glass ionomer cement has been a commonly used filling material in the clinic. However, glass ionomer easily absorbs water and dissolves in early concretionary phase, which can reduce the leak tightness of the edge of obturator, resulting in slightly leakage. Therefore, protective agents are necessary following glass ionomer filling. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of three protective agents (vaseline, cocoa butter, luminous paint) on edge closeness of glass ionomer cements. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The controlled observation study was performed at the Central Laboratory, Hospital Affiliated to Medical College, Qingdao University from July to October 2007. MATERIALS: Forty freshly block teeth were used. After cleaning the facing, a 5 mm?3 mm?2 mm cavity was made at 1/3 part near to buccal surface using a high speed turbine engine under water cooling. Tooth facing was coated twice with colorless nail-polish at 1 mm from the cavity. Apical foramen was covered with red wax sheet. Teeth were equally and randomly assigned into control group, vaseline group, cocoa butter group and luminous paint group. METHODS: Glass ionomer cement was filled into the cavity. The filling surfaces were respectively coated with vaseline, cocoa butter and luminous paint in each group. The control group was left intact. Hot-cold cycle test and microleakage test were performed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The depth from dye penetration into the cavity wall to filling was recorded. RESULTS: Microleakage to different degrees was observed in each group under the microscope. However, the penetration depth was deeper in the control group than other three groups (P 0.05). CONCLUSION: Vaseline, cocoa butter and luminous paint have good effects on wet prevention.

Objective To study the effect of cyclosporine A drug delivery system (CsA-DDS) on the prevention of posterior capsule opacification (PCO) after experimental intraocular lens implantation in rabbit eyes. Methods Twenty healthy New Zealand white rabbits, whose left eyes and right eyes were used respectively as experiment eyes and controls, were subjected to extracapsular lens extraction and artificial lens implantation. During the operation, CsA-DDS with poly (lactideco-glycolide) as carriers or empty DDS was implanted in the capsular bag for the experimental eyes and controls respectively. After the operation, anterior chamber reaction, intraocular pressure (IOP) and CsA concentration were monitored and twelve weeks after the operation, the eyes were extracted for histopathological and morphological examinations. Results There were no differences between the two groups in conjunctival congestion,IOP change and anterior chamber reaction. PCO was less severe in the experimental eyes than in the controls. Light microscopy revealed that posterior capsular membrane in the experimental eyes was slick, with no obvious proliferation,whereas in the controls, there were lens epithelial cell proliferation and cortex regeneration of different degrees.Morphological examination with electron microscope showed that in the experimental eyes, lens epithelial cells did not function actively and apoptosis occurred, whereas in the controls, epithelial cells presented active function. No marked ultrastructural changes were found in either group. Conclusion Cs-DDS can inhibit PCO after intraocular lens implantation in rabbit eyes and does not have toxic effects on the surrounding ocular tissues. Therefore, it has a good potential for clinical use in prevention of PCO.

Objective To evaluate the effect of enteral nutrition support on the nutritional status and clinical outcomes of patiems with dysphagia after stroke.Methods 148 patients with acute stroke and associated dysphagia were enrolled from August 2013 to July 2014 in the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,and randomly divided into 2 groups by drawing lots within 48 hours after admission:enteral nutrition group (n =75,early enteral nutrition support) and control group (n =73,routine diet).The nutritional status (triceps skinfold thickness,levels of serum total protein,albumin and hemoglobin),incidence of lung infection,mortality,and neurological function were compared between the two groups on day 1 and day 21 after admission.Results On day 1 after admission,the triceps skinfold thickness,levels of serum total protein,albumin,and hemoglobin in the enteral nutrition group were not significantly different from those in the control group [(15.4 ±4.1) mm vs.(15.1 ± 3.7) mm,t=1.36,P=0.392; (75.7±2.6) g/Lvs.(76.6±3.1) g/L,t=1.12,P=0.254; (39.2± 1.8) g/Lvs.(38.7±2.1) g/L,t=1.24,P=0.200; (137.4±14.5) g/Lvs.(135.1±15.3) g/L,t=1.01,P =0.461].On day 21 after admission,all the 4 nutrition indicators were significantly higher in the enteral nutrition group than in the control group [(13.5 ±3.9) mmvs.(11.2±4.6) mm,t=2.08,P=0.019; (63.3±4.1) g/Lvs.(57.1±4.7) g/L,t=4.01,P=0.001; (35.7±1.6) g/Lvs.(34.1± 2.0) g/L,t=2.31,P=0.022; (125.7 ±17.9) g/Lvs.(120.3 ±16.7) g/L,t=2.39,P=0.027].The enteral nutrition group showed lower incidence of lung infection,mortality,and reduced scores of American National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale compared with the control group (41.3％ vs.63.2％,x2 =9.69,P =0.002; 15.3％ vs.21.2％,x2=3.27,P=0.014; 11.1 ±4.1 vs.14.7 ±3.9,t=2.98,P=0.007).Conclusions Early enteral nutrition support can improve the nutritional status and outcomes of stroke patients with dysphagia.In addition,early enteral nutrition support may also be helpful for the improvement of the neurological function.

Objective To study the expression of osteopontin (OPN) and collagen type Ⅰ in the rat myocardial fibroblasts infected by coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) and to explore the possible pathogenesis of OPN on viral myocarditis.Methods Cardiac fibroblasts were isolated from neonatal rat and cultured with an traditional method.The primary cultured rat myocardial fibroblasts were infected by CVB3 which multiplicity of infection (MOI) was 0.5 PFU/cell.The myocardial fibroblasts were divided into control group 12 h and CVB3 groups (infected after 12 h,1 d,2 d,3 d).The expression of OPN and collagen type Ⅰ were detected by RT-PCR,Western Blotting and immunohistochemistry.And the linear correlation between the expression of OPN and the expression of collagen type Ⅰ was analyzed.Results ( 1 ) The gray scale values of the OPN/β-actin in control group(12 h)and viral groups (12 h,1 d,2 d,3 d) were 0.38 ± 0.06,0.56 ± 0.06,0.72 ± 0.05,0.98 ± 0.06,0.86 ± 0.02 respectively with RT-PCR,and were 0.26 ± 0.03,0.36 ± 0.03,0.52 ± 0.04,0.76 ± 0.05,0.62 ± 0.02 respectively with Western Blotting.The expression of OPN was found to be increased after 12 h infection,reached to the maximum after 2 d infection and displayed a decreased tendency after 3 d infection.There was significant difference on the gray scale values of the OPN/β3-actin ( F=74.965,53.004,respectively,P ＜ 0.05 ).(2) The gray scale values of the collagen type Ⅰ/β-actin in control group (12 h)and viral groups (12 h,1 d,2d,3 d) were 1.12 ± 0.03,1.18 ± 0.01,1.22 ± 0.02,1.33 ± 0.02,1.28 ± 0.03,respectively with RTPCR.These results suggested that the collagen type Ⅰ expression started to increase at 12 h when infected by CVB3,reached to the maximum at 2 d,and then decreased after 3 d infection,the difference was significant ( F =38.241,P ＜ 0.05).(3) The expression of OPN was positively correlated with the expression of collagen type Ⅰ ( r=0.948,P ＜ 0.001 ).Conclusion CVB3 can induce the expression of OPN and collagen type Ⅰ in the rat myocardial fibroblasts and the expression of OPN and collagen type Ⅰ displays positive correlation.It suggests that OPN can promote the expression of collagen type Ⅰ in myocardial fibroblasts,and may play an important role in the pathogenesis of viral myocarditis.

To review recent studies on the research advance of RET( Rearranged during transfection) on-cogene in thyroid cancer,breast cancer,and lung cancer.The literatures on the structure of RET gene and coding product,cell signal transduction,relationship among thyroid cancer,breast cancer,and lung cancer are reviewed. RET gene encoding tyrosine kinase receptor,involving in cell signal transduction,rearrangement of RET gene is frequently seen in thyroid cancer,which is reported more and more in breast cancer,and lung cancer.Rearrange-ment of RET gene is closely correlated with the occurrence and progress of thyroid cancer,breast cancer,and lung cancer.Taking together,these findings suggest that RET present an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of certain cancer subsets.

Objective To study the pharmacokinetic characters of cyclosporin A(CsA) in aqueous humor in rabbit after implanting different dosages of CsA in eyes and to provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of after cataract. Methods ECCE was performed in all rabbit eyes. CsA-MS was injected into the anterior chamber and the capsular bag in left eyes as expression group and MS was given in the same way in right eyes as control group. The concentration of CsA in the aqueous humor was monitored with high-performance liquid chromatogram. The follow-up period was 4 weeks. The samples were separated on a C18 column at 60℃ and detected at 210nm. The mobile phase was acetonitrile-water (67∶33). Results The correlation analysis showed a positive correlation within the range of 0.13-1.25mg/L (r=0.9951) and the detection limit was 0.13mg/L. The accuracy was 95.91% and the inter-day and intro-day precision was less than 5%. CsA in aqueous humor sustained a high concentration within 2 weeks. There were no significant differences in t1/2Ka and CL between the two dosage groups. AUC and Cmax increased in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion The sustain-released CsA ophthalmic gels provided significant ocular bioavailability in rabbit eyes and they can reach the therapeutic dose in order to inhibit after cataract.