1.Adverse Effects of Organophosphorus Pesticides on Neurodevelopment of Fetus and Children:an Advance Review
Journal of Environment and Health 2007;0(11):-
Organophosphate pesticides(OPs)are used extensively in agriculture,it became the most heavily used insecticides in China after the use of organochlorine pesticide was restricted in 1980s in China.Recent years,with an increasing usage of organophosphate pesticides in China,much concern has been showed for the level of OPs in human body and the adverse effects of OPs on human health especially on fetuses and children have raised a great.The level of OPs in children and the adverse effects of OPs exposure on neurobehavioral development of children were reviewed in the present article.
2.Drug Therapy for Vascular Dementia
International Journal of Cerebrovascular Diseases 2006;0(12):-
Various pathologic mechanisms and types of lesion have participated in cognitive impairment in patients with vascular dementia.A number of medications have been used in the treatment of patients with vascular dementia in clinical practice,including cholinesterase inhibitors, N-methy-D-aspartate receptor antagonists,calcium channel blockers and neurotrophic drugs. This article reviews the progress in research on the pharmacotherapy of vascular dementia.
5.Mechanism of action of neuregulin protecting the myocardium against daunorubicin-caused damage in rats.
Sha-yi JIANG ; Pei-ran MA ; Xiao-tian XIE
Chinese Journal of Pediatrics 2006;44(7):541-543
Animals
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Antibiotics, Antineoplastic
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administration & dosage
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toxicity
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Apoptosis
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drug effects
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Daunorubicin
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administration & dosage
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toxicity
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Disease Models, Animal
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Female
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In Situ Nick-End Labeling
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Male
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Myocardium
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cytology
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metabolism
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pathology
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ultrastructure
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Neuregulins
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metabolism
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pharmacology
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RNA, Messenger
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metabolism
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Rats
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Rats, Wistar
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Receptor, ErbB-2
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genetics
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metabolism
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Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
6.Determination of 9 Residual Organic Solvents in Blonanserin by Headspace Gas Chromatography
Lijuan PEI ; Chen TIAN ; Ranran QI ; Zhuo ZHANG ; Ye WANG
China Pharmacy 2017;28(12):1699-1702
OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the determination of 9 residual organic solvents in blonanserin as methanol, alcohol,isopropyl alcohol,acetonitrile,dichloromethane,hexane,ethyl acetate,tetrahydrofuran and methylbenzene. METHODS:Headspace gas chromatography was adopted. The determination was performed on DB-624 capillary column using temperature pro-gramming. The inlet temperature was 150 ℃,and flame ionization detector was used with temperature of 250 ℃. High purity nitro-gen was used as carrier gas with flow rate of 2.8 mL/min. The split ratio was 1:1,and headspace sample size was 1 mL. Head-space heating temperature was 90 ℃,and equilibration time was 35 min. RESULTS:The linear ranges of methanol,alcohol,iso-propyl alcohol,acetonitrile,dichloromethane,hexane,ethyl acetate,tetrahydrofuran and methylbenzene were 6-1500 μg/mL(r=0.9998),10-2500 μg/mL(r=0.9999),10-2500 μg/mL(r=0.9998),0.82-205 μg/mL(r=0.9994),1.2-300 μg/mL(r=0.9995), 0.58-145 μg/mL(r=0.9994),10-2500 μg/mL(r=0.9999),1.44-360 μg/mL(r=0.9996),1.78-445 μg/mL(r=0.9995),respec-tively. The limits of quantitation were 17.71,6.02,3.17,7.45,1.53,0.69,0.93,1.01,0.22 μg/mL;the limits of detection were 5.89,1.90,1.05,2.48,0.51,0.23,0.31,0.33,0.07 μg/mL,respectively. RSDs of precision and stability tests were all lower than 3.0%,and isopropanol was found in repeatability test (RSD=2.1%). The average recoveries ranged 96.67%-102.66%(RSD=1.9%,n=9),96.00%-101.83%(RSD=1.9%,n=9),97.17%-101.50%(RSD=1.4%,n=9),96.97%-102.44%(RSD=2.2%,n=9),95.83%-103.33%(RSD=2.5%,n=9),95.83%-100.28%(RSD=1.9%,n=9),98.17%-101.25%(RSD=1.0%,n=9),96.55%-102.30%(RSD=1.9%,n=9),96.30%-102.22%(RSD=1.8%,n=9),respectively. CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,rapid,accurate and suitable for simultaneous determination of 9 residual organic solvents in blonanserin as methanol,alco-hol,isopropyl alcohol,acetonitrile,dichloromethane,hexane,ethyl acetate,tetrahydrofuran and methylbenzene.
7.Effects of hippocampal-sparing intensity-modulated radiotherapy on dose distribution of target volume and organs at risk in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Wendong GU ; Qilin LI ; Ye TIAN ; Juncong MO ; Honglei PEI
Chinese Journal of Radiation Oncology 2017;26(1):6-11
Objective To investigate the effects of hippocampal?sparing intensity?modulated radiotherapy ( IMRT) on dose distribution of target volume and organs at risk ( OARs) in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods A retrospective dosimetric analysis was performed among 11 patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The MONACO ? v5. 10 Treatment Planning System was used to design three treatment plans:routine volumetric modulated arc therapy ( VMAT ) , hippocampal?sparing VMAT, and nine fixed?fields IMRT. The D98%, D50%, D2%, Dmean , conformity index ( CI ) , and homogeneity index (HI) of planning target volume (PTV) and PTVnx as well as dose distribution of the hippocampus and OARs were evaluated. Using single factor analysis of variance,two group comparative was LSD or paired t?test. Results For the above three plans,the D2% values of PTVnx were ,7 513,and 7 462 cGy,respectively (P=0. 016);the D98% values of PTV were 5837,5812,and 5914 cGy,respectively (P=0. 029);the average D2% values of PTV were 7 399,7 380,and 7 333 cGy,respectively ( P=0. 047);the HI values of PTV were 0. 239,0. 241,and 0. 220,respectively (P=0. 016);the V10 values of the brain stem were 97. 2%,88. 1%,and 90. 3%,respectively ( P=0. 001);the V20 values of the brain stem were 74. 2%, 62. 3%,and 67. 1%,respectively ( P=0. 032);the V30 values of the brain stem were 50. 9%,35. 8%,and 45. 5%, respectively ( P= 0. 020 );the V40 values of brain stem were 24. 4%, 14. 4%, and 23. 3%, respectively ( P=0. 018);the Dmean values of hippocampus were 1 518,899,and 896 cGy,respectively ( P=0. 000);the D40% values of hippocampus were 1 379,642,and 639 cGy,respectively ( P=0. 000);the V10 values of the hippocampus were 54. 1%,25. 1%,and 3. 8%,respectively ( P=0. 000);the V20 values of the hippocampus were 26. 2%, 12. 6%, and 12. 0%, respectively ( P=0. 001 ) . Conclusions Hippocampal?sparing VMAT and nine fixed?fields IMRT can significantly reduce the dose to the hippocampus without affecting dose distribution of target volume and OARs. VMAT may be superior to IMRT because VMAT can simultaneously reduce the dose to the brain stem.
8.Comparison of the Effects of Strontium Ranelate and PTH (1-34)on Bone Quality of Ovariectomized Rats
Yunbo FENG ; Xiaopo LIU ; Guolong CAO ; Pei ZHANG ; Faming TIAN
China Pharmacy 2016;27(19):2638-2640
OBJECTIVE:To compare the effects of strontium ranelate and PTH(1-34)on bone quality of ovariectomized rats. METHODS:80 SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group(group A,n=10)and dual ovariectomy(group B,n=70). 3 months after operation,group B were randomly divided into 7 groups,with 10 rats in each group. B0 group were given nor-mal saline [0.9 g/(kg·d)] subcutaneously;B1-B3 groups were given low-dose,medium-dose and high-dose of strontium ranelate [0.45,0.9,1.35 g/(kg·d)] intragastrically;B4-B6 groups were given low-dose,medium-dose and high-dose of PTH(1-34)[30, 60,90 μg/(kg·d),treated for 5 days,rested for 2 days] subcutaneously. Group A was same to group B0 in therapy regimen. All rats were sacrificed 8 weeks later. The contents of P1NP and CTX-1 in serum of rats were determined by ELISA assay;bone densi-ty of 4th lumbar vertebrae was detected by bone densitometer;BV/TV,Tb.Th,Tb.N and Tb.Sp were detected by CT;maximal load and elastic modulus of 5th lumbar vertebrae were measured by compression test. RESULTS:Compared with group A,the se-rum levels of P1NP and CTX-1 in B0-B6 groups increased significantly,while bone density of 4th lumbar vertebrae,maximal load and elastic modulus of 5th lumbar vertebrae decreased significantly in B0-B3 groups(P<0.05);BV/TV level of 4th lumbar verte-brae decreased significantly,while Tb.Sp level increased significantly in B0 group(P<0.05). Compared with B0 group,bone den-sity of 4th lumbar vertebrae,maximal load and elastic modulus of 5th lumbar vertebrae increased significantly in B1-B3 groups (P<0.05);P1NP content,BV/TV,Tb.N level,bone density of 4th lumbar vertebrae,maximal load and elastic modulus of 5th lumbar vertebrae increased significantly in B4-B6 groups,and were higher than in B1-B3 groups(P<0.05). Tb.Sp level of B1-B6 groups decreased significantly and were lower than those of B1-B3 groups(P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in Tb.Th level among 8 groups and CTX-1 content among B0-B6 groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:PTH(1-34) is better than strontium ranelate in inhibiting bone loss,improving vertebral bone micro-structure and biomechanical properties of ovariectomized rats.
9.The clinical efficacy and safety of modified Ponticelli regimen for treatment of idiopathic membranous nephropathy
Weiqing XIA ; Huaying PEI ; Shaomei LI ; Shuxia FU ; Li TIAN
Chinese Journal of Internal Medicine 2016;55(3):181-185
Objective To explore the clinical efficacy and safety of modified Ponticelli regimen in treating patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN).Methods A retrospective analysis was performed in 90 patients with IMN (type Ⅰ / Ⅱ,79/11 respectively) diagnosed by clinical data and renal biopsy.The patients were divided into modified Ponticelli group (n =23),steroid plus cyclophosphamide (CTX) (CTX group,n =39) and steroid plus cyclosporine A(CsA) (CsA group,n =28) according to the treatment.Liver function,renal function,serum lipid,proteinuria were recorded before and after treatment.Efficacy and adverse reactions were evaluated in three groups.Results (1) In all three groups,the quantity of proteinuria after treatment for 3 months [(3.33 ± 1.53) g/d,(4.70 ± 2.97) g/d,(3.92 ± 2.57) g/d],6 months [(1.60 ± 1.10) g/d,(2.34 ± 1.61) g/d,(2.25 ± 1.78) g/d] was significantly decreased compared with baseline level[(7.26 ± 2.06) g/d,(7.50 ± 2.55) g/d,(7.54 ± 2.70) g/d;P < 0.05].Serum albumin levels at 3 months [(31.42 ± 3.86) g/d,(30.59 ± 5.79) g/d,(30.90 ± 7.87) g/d],6 months [(36.25 ± 4.20) g/d,(34.70 ± 6.70) g/d,(35.36 ± 8.29) g/d] were significantly increased compared with baseline levels [(24.13 ± 2.61) g/d,(23.98 ± 3.79) g/d,(22.94 ± 4.57) g/d;P < 0.05],whereas serum creatinine at 3 and 6 months had no significant changes (P > 0.05).(2) After treatment for 3 months,partial remission rates in modified Ponticelli group,CTX group and CsA group were 39.1%,35.9%,35.7% respectively and complete remission rates were 8.7%,5.1%,10.7%,which were not statistically significant in all three groups (P > 0.05).At 6 months,partial remission rates in three groups were 56.5%,41.0%,42.9% respectively and complete remission rates were 21.7%,20.5%,28.6%,which did not suggested significant difference in all three groups either (P > 0.05).(3) In modified Ponticelli group,steroid diabetes,impaired liver dysfunction,infections and gastrointestinal adverse events occurred in 1,1,2 and 2 patients,respectively.In CTX group,steroid diabetes,infections and gastrointestinal adverse events occurred in 5,8 and 2 patients,respectively.In CsA group,steroid diabetes and infections occurred in 1 and 3 patients,respectively.Conclusion Modified Ponticelli regimen to treat patients with IMN has a trend of better outcome than classic CTX regimen.The efficacy is not inferior to CsA regimen with fewer side effects.