In this study, 50 patients with the lesions of anterior teeth were treated by pivot technique. The lesions included the lack of much heard tissue, malposition teeth, lack of some anterior teeth with malposition or with lack of heard tissue of adjacent teeth. The result revealed that 1) pivot technique was effecting for such lesions of anterior teeth and 2) the major cause of these lesions was trauma.
Tooth ; Pathologic Processes

Virtual chromoscopy is a novel technology that enhances endoscopic visualization of superficial mucosal surfaces and microvascular architecture. Currently available virtual chromoscopy techniques include narrow band imaging, Fujinon intelligent color enhancement and I-scan. Refinements are expected to improve detection of the lesions, which will lead to further insight into the pathological processes, in turn, providing guidance in selecting the optimal treatment. Presently, we review the currently available literature regarding virtual chromoscopy and provide technical principles, clinical usefulness, and limitations.
Narrow Band Imaging ; Pathologic Processes

The orbit has roughly the shape of a quadrilateral pyramid whose base corresponds to the orbital margin, and whose apex is the bar of bone between the optic foramen and the medial end of the superior orbital fissure. The orbital dimensions can be measured by plain X-ray or computed tomography. Plain X-ray of the orbit may be difficult for the non-radiologist to identify the measurement landmarks and interpret, whereas computed tomography allows more precise analysis by imaging soft tissue relationships to surrounding orbital bones. Measurement of the orbital dimensions and proptosis using CT does not only contribute to the diagnosis of specific pathologic processes, but also guide the ophthalmologist in planning appropriate medical and surgical management. One hundred and three orbital CT films of Korean adults were measured. The results were as follows: The average orbital width was 38.09 +/- 2.82mm, orbital height was 35.47 +/- 2.28mm, orbital index was 93.80 +/- 6.70, orbital depth was 42.67 +/- 3.56mm, interorbital distance was 24.97 +/- 2.25mm, extraorbital distance was 97.38 +/- 5.14mm and proptosis was 14.28 +/- 3.49mm.
Adult ; Diagnosis ; Exophthalmos* ; Humans ; Orbit* ; Pathologic Processes

Transepidermal elimination is a process by which the skin eradicates undesirable or irritative dermal substances through intact epidermis or follicular epithelium by passive or active means. Although transepidermal elimination is being described in an increasing number and range of pathological processes, transepidermal elimination of hidradenoma papilliferum remains unrecorded to date in the Korean literature. We report a new case of hidradenoma papilliferum with transepidermal elimination. A 32-year-old woman presented with a bean-sized, protruding flesh red-colored nodule on the left labia major. The histologic finding of the lesion indicated a tubular and cystic structure microscopically expelled through the transepidermal canal.
Acrospiroma* ; Adult ; Epidermis ; Epithelium ; Female ; Humans ; Pathologic Processes ; Skin

Computerized tomography as a diagnostic procedure is characterized by its high sensitivity but limited specificity. This lack of specificity may result in erroneous diagnosis because many different pathological processes can have similar enhancement patterns. We prosent a patient with a nonspecific inflammatory lesion which was erroneously diagnosed as having an rapidly growing malignant glioma on sequential computerized tomography. We confirmed this lesion as a nonspecific inflammatory process by brain biopsy and the extensive lesion was disappeared after steroid therapy.
Biopsy ; Brain ; Diagnosis ; Glioma* ; Humans ; Pathologic Processes ; Sensitivity and Specificity

The perineum is defined as the region of body below the pelvic diaphragm that lies within the boundaries of the pelvic outlet. It is the region which is home to pathologic conditions which include primary tumors, neoplasms of adjacent organs with secondary invo l vement, congenital or acquired cystic lesions and inflammatory lesions. In this article, we describe CT and MR imaging anatomy and various pathologic processes that affect this anatomic region, with a brief discussion. Emphasis is give n to imaging features that help to characterize specific lesions.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Pathologic Processes ; Pelvic Floor ; Perineum

As more experience with computed tomography(C-T) is acquired, it is becoming apparent that differential diagnosis based on C-T appearances can be difficult. Many different pathologic processes can have similar enhancement patterns. We present 10 patients who underwent operation under the impression of brain tumor based on the C-T findings cannot be overemphasized. The clinician must be aware of the limitations and pitfalls associated with the computed tomography.
Brain Neoplasms* ; Brain* ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Pathologic Processes

Otalgia is a common symptom with diverse causes due to its complex sensory innervations. It can be broadly classified into two groups. Primary (otogenic) otalgia is defined as pain resulting from ear diseases and secondary (referred) otalgia arises from pathologic processes and structures other than the ear. Its workup is complex and no simple algorithm exists. In this review, authors collected and analyzed articles on otalgia and described anatomical considerations and clinical evaluation of otalgia, and outlined various causes and treatment options for primary and referred otalgia.
Ear ; Ear Diseases ; Earache ; Facial Pain ; Pathologic Processes

MicroRNAs (miRs) are endogenous approximately22-nt non-coding RNAs that participate in the regulation of gene expression at post-transcriptional level. MiR-1 is one of the muscle-specific miRs, aberrant expression of miR-1 plays important roles in many physiological and pathological processes. In this review, we focus on the recent studies about miR-1 in cardiac diseases and cancers. The findings indicate that miR-1 may be a novel, important biomarker, and a potential therapeutic target in cardiac diseases and cancers.
Gene Expression Regulation ; Heart Diseases* ; MicroRNAs ; Pathologic Processes ; RNA, Untranslated

Eye globe abnormalities can be readily detected on dedicated and non-dedicated CT and MR studies. A primary understanding of the globe anatomy is key to characterising both traumatic and non-traumatic globe abnormalities. The globe consists of three primary layers: the sclera (outer), uvea (middle), and retina (inner layer). The various pathological processes involving these layers are highlighted using case examples with fundoscopic correlation where appropriate. In the emergent setting, trauma can result in hemorrhage, retinal/choroidal detachment and globe rupture. Neoplasms and inflammatory/infective processes predominantly occur in the vascular middle layer. The radiologist has an important role in primary diagnosis contributing to appropriate ophthalmology referral, thereby preventing devastating consequences such as vision loss.
Adult* ; Diagnosis ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Ophthalmology ; Pathologic Processes ; Referral and Consultation ; Retina ; Rupture ; Sclera ; Uvea