Objective: To design a upper computer software which can achieve data acquisition, display, motion control for sickbed-control test system. Methods: In Visual C++6.0 environment, take advantage of Advantech's development kit, and integrate multi-thread and dual-buffer technology to achieve. PC translate user's intentions into control commands, then sent commands to PCI1240, PCI1716 through the PCI interface, PCI1240 drive stepper motor to control the movement of the bed, while PCI1716 collect movement state information. Results: Movement can be stopped immediately by clicking the stop button even during the reciprocating motion, and solve screen flicker when drawing the real-time curves. The software has been test in bed-control system many times and achieved good results. Conclusions: This paper's method realized the sickbed's motion control, data acquisition, data storage and display, compared with the method that using single chip machine and general electromotor, our method makes bed movement more precise and smooth, more function are achieved, and the software has been successfully used in the sickbed-control system.

Objective To evaluate the research input-output efficiency of 15 medical universities,and provide references for improving synthetic research efficiency.Methods Selected research input-output key indicators,and used CCR model and SE-DEA model to statistic and analyze.Results The average value of comprehensive efficiency of 15 medical universities was 0.811,pure technical efficiency value was 0.978,scale efficiency value was 0.827.There were 5 DEA efficient universities,7 pure technical efficient universities among 10 Non-DEA efficient universities.Conclusion The total research efficiency of medical universities in our country remained to improve,and should emphasize adjusting scientific research scale.

Scientificly forecasting the health resources is the premise and foundation for making health resource planning.This paper summarized the application scope and characteristics of commonly used statistical models for health resources forecasting,introduced many S type curve prediction models commonly used in natural and social economic fields,hackled and concluded the weight calculation methods of combination forecasting models,and on this basis put forward that multivariable time series model or combination forecasting model based on single time series model and multi-linear regression equation of the predictive value should be set up for forecasting health resources,so as to provide methodological references for related forecasting research.

Under the influence of oncogenic signals and abnormal metabolism, the redox status of cancer cells often differs from that of the normal cells, manifesting as elevated generation of reactive oxygen species( ROS) and oxidative stress.Many signaling pathways involved in tumorigenesis can directly or indirectly regulate ROS metabolism.Currently, the biological significance of increased ROS in cancer cells is still somewhat controversial.ROS on the one hand can promote cancer development and drug resistance, and on the other hand can also cause cell injury and even cell death.To maintain cell viability and proliferation, cancer cells usually up-regulate their antioxidant capacity in adaptation to the intrinsic oxidative stress.Such adaptive mechanisms to oxidative stress are highly important in both cancer development and also play a major role in cancer cell response to therapy.Compelling evidences from recent studies have suggested that targeting the redox regulation mechanisms through proper intervention strategies may have significant therapeutic implications in cancer treatment.This article will focus on alterations of redox status in cancer cells, their adaptation to oxidative stress, and the underlying mechanisms.Potential therapeutic strategies based on such biochemical characteristics of cancer cells will also be discussed.

The intestinal permeability is crucial for human health,and the changes of intestinal permeability may cause variety of diseases,which is widely concerned.This article reviews the latest research progress in the relationship between intestinal permeability and diseases,the main influencing factors of intestinal permeability and its common testing methods,which may provide new ideas for the clinical treatment of related diseases.

Objective To assess the equity of health resources configuration in Zhejiang,and provide references for regional health planning.Methods The Lorenz curve,Gini coefficient and Theil index were used to calculate and analyze.Results The Gini coefficient in 2009-2011 calculated by population density was between 0.330～0.343,which meant comparatively rational.The main reason of inequity configuration for hospital beds and nurses was inter-regional difference.Conclusion The Theil index could remedy the disadvantage that Gini coefficient could not reflex the total inequity was brought up by inter-regional or intra-regional difference.The health resource configuration should based on population health need and health service demand.

Drug addiction is a chronic relapsing brain disease. Repeated drug exposure can cause neuroadaptations in major brain circuitries,leading to compulsive drug consumption behav-ior and relapse after abstinence.Many studies have found that intercellular signaling cascades mediated central nervous system remodeling in the rewarding circuitry and addiction associated neuroplasticity of learning and memory are important molecular mechanism of drug addiction.Studies show that extracellular sig-nal-regulated kinase (ERK)is associated with drug-mediated psychomotor activity,rewarding properties and relapse of drug seeking behaviors.Therefore,this article has reviewed the role of ERK signaling pathway in drug addiction.Research on the role of ERK signaling pathway in drug addiction will provide im-portant theoretical foundation for in-depth understanding of the molecular mechanism of drug addiction and shine a light on new molecular targets and treatment strategies for drug addiction.

Objective To evaluate the performance of VITEK 2-Compact GN13 methods for testing imipenem susceptibility of Klebsiella pneumoniae and assess the reliability of its Advanced Expert System (AES).Methods A retrospective study was conducted with a total of 157K. pneumoniae strains, which were isolated from blood and intra-abdominal infections in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from 2014 to 2015. Thein vitro minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of imipenem were determined by disc diffusion, VITEK 2-Compact GN13 and broth microdilution methods, respectively. Categorical agreement (CA) rates of disc diffusion and VITEK 2-Compact GN13 methods were determined using broth microdilution as reference method. The genes encoding ESBLs and carbapenemase were screened by PCR and sequencing analysis. The phenotypic confirmatory tests such as modified Hodge test, PCR and DNA sequencing were used to confirm the resistance mechanism and evaluate the reliability of AES in interpreting the imipenem susceptibility of K. pneumoniae.Results Among the 157 isolates, 64 and 8 were identified as resistant and intermediate strains by broth microdilution method, respectively; 52 and 10 were tested as resistant and intermediate strains by disc diffusion method, respectively; 54 and 13 were determined as resistant and intermediate strains by VITEK 2-Compact GN13 method, respectively, while 70 and 3 were judged as resistant and intermediate strains by VITEK 2-Compact GN13 method plus AES validation. The CA of disc diffusion and VITEK 2-Compact GN13 methods compared with broth microdilution method were all higher than 90 %. However, the major error (ME) rate was 3.8 % and very major error (VME) rates were all 0.6 % in imipenem susceptibility testing by VITEK 2-Compact GN13 and disc diffusion. The imipenem susceptibility of 16 strains were modified by the AES, which eliminated 0.6 % VME, but increased major error by 1.3 % and minor error by 1.9 %. Phenotypic confirmatory tests showed that 75 % (12/16) of these strains were validated as producers of both ESBLs and carbapenemase, which was consistent with the result of AES validation. PCR and DNA sequencing analysis proved that 62.5 % (10/16) of these strains produce IMP-4/KPC-2 /NDM-1 and ESBLs.Conclusions Both disc diffusion and VITEK 2-Compact GN13 methods can be used for testing the imipenem susceptibility of K. pneumoniae isolates with reliable and accurate results. Attention should be paid to the possibility of ME and VME when testing imipenem susceptibility. The VME can be avoided by the AES mechanism. However, AES intervention will increase ME and minor error, which may be associated with decreased expression of carbapenemase.

Objective To compare patient organ doses and entrance surface dose conversion coefficients in conventional radiography using medical internal radiation dose (MIRD) phantom and voxel human phantom.Methods The voxel phantom was adapted to the Monte Carlo transport code to simulate the organ doses and entrance surface dose in five common projections, and thus the dose conversion coefficients between the entrance skin dose and organ dose were calculated.The results were compared with the reported mean values which were simulated using MIRD phantom.Results The dose conversion coefficients values of organs covered or partially covered by the X-ray field ranged from 0.149-0.650 in chest postero-anterior projection, 0.067-0.382 in chest left lateral projection, 0.023-0.374 in chest right lateral projection, 0.035-0.431 in abdominal antero-posterior projection, 0.083-0.432 in lumbar spine antero-posterior projection.In chest postero-anterior projection, significant differences were most obviously observed in lung, the dose conversion coefficients difference was 54.3％.In chest left lateral projection, the dose conversion coefficients difference of liver was greatest, which was 54.5％.In chest right lateral projection, the dose conversion coefficients differences of stomach wall was most obviously 63.8％.In abdominal antero-posterior projection, dose conversion coefficients discrepancy was most obviously observed in spleen, with the value of 65.0％;while in lumbar spine antero-posterior projection, the dose conversion coefficients differences of stomach wall was most obviously 43.7％.Conclusions Compared with the stylized MIRD phantoms, the anatomical realism in voxel phantom is evident.Therefore, the dose conversion coefficients calculated by voxel phantoms are more accurate and scientific in conventional radiology.

Objective:To explore the relationship between spino-pelvic sagittal and coronal parameters in Lenke 1 group of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).Methods:The subjects were retrospectively col-lected from 2005 to 2013.On the posteroanterior and lateral radiographs, apical vertebra ( AV) , Cobb an-gle of main thoracic curve (MT), pelvic incidence (PI), C7 translation ratio (C7TR) and other sagittal parameters were measured and recorded.Comparison and correlation studies were conducted between these parameters using specific softwares.Results: In the study, 51 subjects, including 18 males and 33 fe-males, were recruited, aged (14.9 ±2.0) years averagely.The apical vertebra ranged from T7 to T11,with mean MT being 49.6闭±16.7闭, and mean PI 44.7°±6.7°.Significant correlation existed between PI and PT, SS, LL, as well as between LL and SS, TK ( P <0.05) .Significant differences were found in TK, LL and SS among the different LM groups, but no difference in the other sagittal parameters.AV had no significant correlation with any sagittal parameter.MT was significantly correlated with TK, LL and SS, but its correlation with PI was not significant.Conclusion:Most of sagittal parameters were significantly corre-lated in Lenke 1 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, forming a regulation chain of spine-pelvic sagittal balance on the basis of PI.Significant correlation exists between some sagittal and coronal parameters.