Objective:To discuss the influence of intensive lipid-lowering therapy by atorvastatin on blood lipid and serum von Wille-brand factor ( vWF) and thrombomodulin ( TM) levels of patients with unstable angina pectoris. Methods: Totally 88 cases of patients with unstable angina pectoris were selected and divided into the intensive group (n=44) and the routine group (n=44) at random. The patients in the two groups were given routine medical treatment, such as nitrates, bayaspirin,β-blocker, low molecular heparin and etc. The patients in the routine group were orally given atorvastatin 20mg, qd, while the patients in the intensive group were given atorvastatin 40mg, qd with the treatment course of 8 weeks. The changes in serum vWF and TM levels in the two groups before and after the medical treatment were observed, and the occurrence rates of cardiac ischemia related events and untoward effect during the medical treatment were compared as well. Results:After the 8-week medical treatment, the levels of TC, TG and LDL-C in the two groups were obviously declined and the levels of HDL-C were obviously increased than those before the treatment (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01), and the declining and increasing rates in the intensive group were much higher than those in the routine group (P<0. 05). The serum vWF and TM levels in the two groups were obviously declined than those before the treatment (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01), and the declining rates in the intensive group were much higher than those in the routine group (P<0. 05). The occurrence rates of cardiac ischemia related events in the inten-sive group during the medical treatment were much lower than those in the routine group (P<0. 05). Respectively 4 and 6 cases of unto-ward effect appeared in the routine group and the intensive group during the medial treatment with light symptom, and the difference showed no obvious statistical significance (P>0. 05). Conclusion:Atorvastatin intensive lipid-lowering has favorable curative effect and security in the treatment of unstable angina pectoris, which can reduce the occurrence rates of cardiac ischemia related events, and the mechanism is related to reducing blood lipid and serum vWF and TM levels and improving the function of vascular endothelial cells.

Perforator flaps became popular in past 30 years due to the minimum donor site morbidity and good aesthetically contour. Limitations are found in the use of traditional perforator flap, such as limited surface area, unsuitable for repairing super-long wounds, extensive wound and wounds accompanying with dead space, etc. Special form of perforator flap is derived from the perforator flap. It overcomes the shortcomings of traditional perforator flaps, such as less donor-site morbidity, thinner flap, better patient satisfaction and without severe complications in the recipient area. In addition it further improves the clinical curative effect and enhances the value and the applications of perforator flaps. In this article, the historical development and evolution of special form perforator flaps are reviewed, and the clinical applications of the special form perforator flap in recent years are summarised, for the purpose to promote the application and development of special form perforator flap in the reconstruction of complex soft tissue defects.

Objective To explore the method of sensory reconstruction after the operation of reversed island pedicled sural flap and evaluate its therapeutic effect of clinical application. Methods Thirteen clinical cases with traumatic soft tissue defects in heel had recepted the treatment of reversed island pedicled sural flap. All flaps were innervated by anastomosing the distal end of the sural nerve in the flaps and the recipient nerve (superficial peroneal nerve) in end to end or end to side. All patients were evaluated at 9-15 months on the postoperative follow-up parameters, including flap contour, flap stability, locomotor activity,touch sensation, pain sensation, static two-point discrimination, thermal sensibility, and the skin sensory recovery level in lateral dorsutn of foot. Results Thirteen cases flaps had good blood supply and primary healing. All cases were followed up 9-15 months, the rate of good sensory recovery was 53.85%. All pa tients had protective sensory in lateral dorsum of foot, the rate of good sensory recovery was 61.54%. Conclusion Anastomosing the proximal end of sural nerve and superficial peroneal nerve together will be good for the sensory recovery in flap and lateral foot in repairing soft tissue defects in heel with reversed island pedicled sural flap.

s pedicel.

Solitary fibroma often occurs in the pleura, but rarely outside the pleura. Extrapleural solitary fibroma has atypical clinical symptoms and difficult imaging diagnosis. Here, we report a case of solitary fibroma recurred and metastasized to the bladder after pelvic surgery. He was treated with palliative resection in our hospital. The patient died of systemic metastasis 3 years after operation.

Objective To explore the feasibility of building a new model of free superficial epigastric artery perforator flap with New Zealand white rabbits.Methods Twenty-five healthy New Zealand white rabbits were used.Five rabbits were dissected to assess the vascular territory,the source and dimension of the superficial epigastric.According to the anatomic results,the superficial epigastric artery perforator flap were designed and harvested with 6 cm× 3 cm in the abdominal,anastomosis had been done between femoral artery/vein and carotid artery,jugular venous to build an animal model of transplantation of epigastric artery perforator flap.The donor sites were directly closured.Results Superficial epigastric artery originated from the proximal femoral artery,and the diameter of superficial epigastric artery was (0.15 ±0.02) mm,2-3 perforators support the areas of the skin of the lower abdominal wall.A rabbit died in the surgery because of anesthesia,the other animals were alive.The results showed that all flaps were survived in the experiment except a flap lost due to venous crisis.Conclusion The experimental model of free superficial epigastric artery perforator flap can be built in New Zealand white rabbits.It is a simple,practical and reliable model for future physiologic and pharmacologic studies.

Objective To explore the safety and clinical effect of the human acellular nerve allograft (hANG) for repairing peripheral nerve defects.Methods During November,2009 to October,2010,6 patients with 3 digital nerve defects and 3 radial nerve defects were repaired with hANG.During postoperation period,safety was evaluated by local wound response and laboratory testing,while the efficacy was evaluated by British Medical Research Council sensory function assessment standards,static 2-point discrimination (2PD) and Semmes-Weinstein monofilament testing.Results Three patients with 6 digital nerve defects received hANG transplant.The length of nerve graft was 20-50 mm(mean 30.8 mm).After followed up for 31-40 months,the excellent rate of 2PD was 66.7％.Two of 3 patients rahabilited as well as the normal.Three patients with radial nerve defects,whose length of nerve graft was 35-60 mm(mean 48.3 mm).The strength of extensor carpiradialis longus muscle had restored Ⅲ in 1 case,and other 2 cases had no restoration.Conclusion hANG is safe and effective for repairing peripheral nerve defects,especially for digital nerve defects.

Objective To explore the clinical effect and experience of separating deep circumflex iliac artery osteocutaneous perforator flap (DCIAP) from the bone flap.Methods According to local applied anatomy of groin,vascularized chimerical flaps of deep iliac circumflex artery was designed and applied.From May,2008 to June,2012,12 patients who combined bone and composite skin and soft-tissue defects were positioned by color dopplar ultrasound before operation and treated with vascularized chimerical flaps of deep iliac circumflex artery.The deep circumflex iliac perforator flaps was 8 to 19 cm in length and 2 to 6 cm in width,and the iliac bone grafts ranged from 5 to 8 cm in length.Results All flaps were fully survival.After 8-10 months postoperative followed-up,all the bone defect gained healing.The function and appearance of cutaneous flaps were satisfactory.There was no serious complication in donor sites of groin.The average time of healing was 9 (8-10) months.Conclusion Vascularized iliac bone graft and a perforator flap are nourished by the same deep circumflex iliac artery.There is more mobile scope and only 1 blood vessel between the bone graft and skin flap,which should be called chimeric perforator flap based on the deep iliac circumflex artery,and is a kind of good method to repair bone and soft-tissue defects of limbs.

Objective To investigate the clinical results,indications and precautions of a variety of special forms of the perforator flap for reconstructing limb soft-tissue defect.Methods From January 2008 to December 2013,480 cases suffering from limb soft-tissue defect were treated with special forms of the perforator flap.Types of special forms of the perforator flap included flow-through perforator flaps,micro-dissected perforator flaps,conjointed perforator flaps,polyfoliate perforator flaps and chimeric perforator flaps.Derivative types combined two or three technologies used in basic types.Results Venous crisis of the flap was shown in 10 cases.Through a second surgical exploration,5 cases were diagnosed with anastomotic thrombosis,2 with vascular torsion and 3 with hematoma.After appropriate treatments,flaps survived in 4 cases,but partial necrosis occurred in 6 cases.Twelve cases were found to have infection,which led to arterial crisis followed by total flap necrosis in one of them at postoperative day 5.Other flaps survived and wounds healed by first intention.Donor sites were repaired by skin flap transfer in 8 cases,skin grafting in 3 cases and direct suture in the rest cases.Conclusion Special forms of the perforator flap are optimal for repair of soft-tissue defect of extremities.

Objective To describe a technique to achieve primary donor-site closure, extend applications and minimize donor-site morbidity by applying the double skin paddle principle.Methods All 16 cases of the double skin paddle anterolateral thigh perforator flap reconstruction from May, 2008 to June, 2014 were reviewed.Defects locations included calf, dorsum pedis or planta pedis.A long anterolateral thigh perforator flap was marked out using standard points of reference.At least two separate cutaneous perforator vessles were identified on hand-held Doppler.Separating and dissecting flap at superficial layer of fascia lata was adopted in all cases.Then skin paddle was then divided between the two cutaneous perforators to give two separate paddles with a common vascular supply which was the descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery.The skin paddles could be used to cover complex skin defects, whilst still allowing for primary donor-site closure.Results Fifteen patients were successfully treated with the double skin paddle anterolateral thigh perforator flap with no major complications.One case was suffered with partial skin flap necrosis.The type A dumbbell-like flaps was used to cover defects involving two different units of the foot.The type B pattern were stacked side by side on a flap inset, effectively doubling the width of the flap, to resurface a large defect of a single unit of the calf.The type C pattern was used to repair adjacent skin defects.In all cases, the donor site was closed directly.All patients were satisfied with their outcomes.Conclusion The double skin paddle anterolateral thigh perforator flap is an excellent method of resurfacing large defects of the extremity involving multiple subunits with improved morbidity and cosmesis of the donor site.