History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Neurosurgery ; history ; Philately ; United States

Objective:To analyze the influences of azithromycinantibiotic combined glucocorticoids on the levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR),serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and inflammatory cytokines levels as well as the clinical effect of severe pneumonia mycoplasma.Methods:112 children with severe pneumonia mycoplasma who were treated in our hospital were selected and randomly divided into the control group and the observation group with 56 cases in each group.The patients in the control group were treated with azithromycinantibiotic,while the patients in the observation group were treated with glucocorticoid on the basis of the control group.Then the levels of ESR,LDH,isoenzyme MB (CK-MB),creatine kinase (CK),aspertate aminotransferase (AST),c-reactive protein (CRP),interleukin 6 (IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-o (TNF-α),CD4+ and CD8+,the clinical efficacy and adverse reactions between two groups were observed and compared before and after the treatment.Results:The effective rate in the observation group was higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).After treatment,the levels of ESR,LDH,CK-MB,CK,AST,CRP,IL-6,TNF-α and CD8+ in the two groups decreased,which were lower in the observation group than those of the control group (P＜0.05).After treatment,the levels of CD4+ in both groups increased,which was higher in the observation group than that of the control group (P＜0.05).The disappearance time of fever,cough relief,lung rale of observation group were shorter than those of the control group(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the adverse reactions between the two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion:Azithromycin combined with glucocorticoids was more effective than azithromycin alone in the treatment of severe mycoplasma pneumonia with high safety,which could obviously relieve the myocardial injury and inflammatory response,enhance the immune function.

Iatrogenic vertebral artery injury is a rare complication in cervical spine surgeries,the consequences of which may be catastrophic.With the extensive development of cervical spine surgeries and application of diverse new internal fixations of cervical spine,there is a potential increase of risk of iatrogenic vertebral artery injury,which should be paid attention to.This article reviews the rate,cause and management etc.of iarogenic vertebral artery injury.

The application of medical network education system has created favorable conditions for the network education in our hospital. This paper describes the system and resource database construction, educational application and some problems confronted. Construction improvement and widely application of the system are also thoroughly discussed.

Objective To observe the change of nitric oxide(NO) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) in the epileptic rat brain cortex, and study the effect of the redox states of NO on epilepsy.Methods Using epileptic rat model induced by bemegride, the level of NO and the activity of SOD were measured in rat cerebral motor cortex during and only after seizures.Results The level of NO in rat cerebral motor cortex was significantly increased during and only after seizures than the normal controls. During seizures, SOD activity was decreased; but only after seizures, SOD activity was significantly increased.Conclusion The value of SOD activity than NO content had significantly difference in rat cerebral cortex between during and only after transient seizures. These results suggested that the different redox state of NO would play different role du ring the seizure.

Objective To study a simple, measurable and objective method for fixing stereotactic head frame. Methods A self-made stereotactic head frame ruler was used in the localization in operations of 29 cases of Parkinson's disease and 1 case of intractable cancer pain. Results Of the 30 cases,significant effects were obtained in 29 coses(96.7%) and curative effects in 1 case (3.3%). Conclusions The improved ruler can be fully applicable to the ASA-602S model stereotactic frame, being a simple, measurable and objective method for fixing stereotactic head frame and applying CT scanning orientation.

Objective To popularize preoperative "Time-out" procedure in order to strengthen safety management of surgical patient. Methods A feasible scheme was raised up by learning from the practical experience of Hongkong Mary Hospital and combining the medical system in Guangdong province and nursing model. Results No surgical accident happened after application of "Time-out" procedure in opera tion room of Hongkong Mary Hospital. Conclusions Preoperative "Time-out" procedure is one of the important measure to ensure the safety of surgical patients and prevent surgical accident. Managers in operation room should popularize this process according to actual situation in order to guarantee correct surgery on correct part of correct patients.

Lumbar fusion is currently the major treatment of lumbar degenerative disease, spinal instability and discogenic disease etc. Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) is a novel lumbar fusion technique in recent years, and with the progress of minimally invasive spinal surgery, minimally invasive TLIF (mini-TLIF) technique has also got access to rapid development, which has more advantages compared with traditional open TLIF. The authors review the indications and contraindications, surgical method, development and advantages and minimally invasive surgical assistant instruments of mini -TLIF.

Objective To compare the treatment effects of self-designed anti-rotation reduction internal fixators (ARRIF), atlas fixator (AF) and Dick screw in reduction and fixation of different thoracolumbar spinal fractures. Methods Reduction effect, operation time, bleeding volume during operation and complications were observed and compared after ARRIF, AF and Dick screw were used to treat 90 cases of thoracolumbar spinal fractures. Results Compared with AF and Dick screw, the operation time of ARRIF was shorter with less bleeding volume during operation as well as less complications like broken or pulled-out screw or broken rod. Conclusions All three fixation methods can attain the reduction and fixation of various kinds of thoracolumbar spinal fractures. However, ARRIF is the most valuable transpedicular internal fixator and can more conveniently reduce and fixate the different spinal fractures and AF places the second.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Liuweianxiao capsule combined with omeprazole to the treatment of functional dyspepsia.Methods 111 patients with functional dyspepsia from June 2014 to June 2016 were randomly divided into observation group 55 cases and control group 56 cases.The control group received Omeprazole treatment,observation group were given Liuweianxiao capsule combined with omeprazole.Recorded and analyzed motilin levels,EGG frequency changes,antral contraction amplitude,symptom score,the clinical efficacy and adverse reactions during treatment.Results ①After treatment,Motilin and EGG frequency levels were(491.59±25.01)mg/L、(2.92±0.34)cpm,better than the control group(416.73±23.14)mg/L、(1.89±0.23)cpm,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).② After treatment,antral contraction amplitude levels were(1.60±0.09)％,better than the control group(1.34±0.07)％,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).③After treatment,symptom score levels were(10.56±1.74)point,better than the control group(14.68±2.13)point,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).④The total effective rate of observation group after treatment was 90.91％,significantly higher than the control group 73.21％,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).⑤ The adverse reactions of observation group during treatment was 7.27％,and compared to the control group 10.71％,the difference was not significant.Conclusion Liuweianxiao capsule combined with Omeprazole can effectively remission related symptoms,and it is a safe and effective treatment.