Carbon fiber reinforced poly ether ether ketone (CF/PEEK) composite possesses excellent biocompatible, biomechanical and bioribological properties. It is one of the most promising implant materials for artificial joint. Many factors influence the bioribological properties of CF/PEEK composites. In this paper, the authors reviewed on the biotribology research progress of CF/PEEK composites. The influences of various factors such as lubricant, reinforcement surface modification, functional particles, friction counterpart and friction motion modes on the bio-tribological properties of CF/PEEK composites are discussed. Based on the recent research, the authors suggest that the further research should be focused on the synergistic effect of multiple factors on the wear and lubrication mechanism of CF/PEEK.
Biocompatible Materials ; Carbon ; Friction ; Ketones ; Lubrication ; Materials Testing ; Polyethylene Glycols

AIM: To study the effect of RNA interference on hypoxia-inducible factor-2(HIF-2) in the renal cell cancer in vitro and in vivo.METHODS: HIF-2 RNAi was synthesized and inserted into RNA interference eukaryotic expression vector which was confirmed by sequencing.The vector was transfected into the renal cancer cell 786-0 and positive clone was selected by using G418.The HIF-2 expression was detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting method.The growth of cells was measured by MTT method.Nude mouse xenograft assays were also done.RESULTS: Compared with empty vector group and control group,the amounts of HIF-2 mRNA and protein expression were lower in the HIF-2 RNAi group,the difference was significant(P

For observation on clinical therapeutic effect of modified Wei Er Fang on gastric precanceraus lesion (GPL), 90 cases of GPL were divided into 3 groups, the treatment group treated with modified Wei Er Fang, the control group I treated with Wei Fu Chuan and the control group I with Bismuth subcitrate, 30 cases each group. Results indicated that the total effective rate for clinical symptoms was 96. 67% in the treatment group which was significant different from 60. 00% in the control group I (P 0. 05), but the therapeutic effect on heterotypic proliferation in the treatment group was superior to those in the two control groups. It is showed that modified Wei Er Fang has a better action of reversing gastric precancerous lesion.

Objective To study the hypnotic interaction between propofol and ketamine with isobologram. Methods Seventy-five ASA Ⅰ - Ⅱ patients (35 male, 40 female) aged 20-50 yr, weighing 40-80 kg, undergoing elective upper abdominal surgery were randomly divided into three equal groups of 25 patients : propofol group (P); ketamine group (K) and propofol-ketamine combination group (P/K), Each group was further divided into 5 subgroups. Propofol 0.8, 1.0, 1.25, 1.56 or 1.95 mg ? kg-1 was given in 5 propofol subgroups (P1-5 ) respectively. Ketamine 0.32, 0.40, 0.50, 0.63 or 0.78 mg?kg-1 was given in 5 ketamine subgroups (K1-5 ) respectively. Propofol /ketamine 0.45/0.15, 0.60/0.20, 0.80/0.29, 1.05/0.35 or 1.41/0.47 mg?kg-1 were given in the 5 propofol-ketamine combination subgroups (P/K1-5 ) respectively. Two minutes after drug administration the patients were asked to open their eyes. Failure to open eyes was taken as the start-point of hypnotic effect. If the patient failed to respond to verbal order twice consecutively, the patient was considered to be in the hypnotic state. When the patient in hypnotic state failed to respond to electric stimulation of certain intensity, the patient was considered to be in anesthetic state. ED50s of propofol, ketamine and P/K combination for hypnotic and anesthetic effect were calculated. Isobologram was drawn. ED50 and 95 % confidence limit of ketamine were plotted on the abscissa and of propofol on the ordinate. The ED50 s of the two drugs were connected. If the ED50 of P/K combination was located on the connecting line, the two drugs are additive, on the left side of the connecting line synergistic, on the right side of the connecting line antagonistic. SBP, DBP, HR, SpO2 and BIS were continuously monitored before, during and after drug administration. Results The ED50 s for hypnotic and anesthetic effect were : 1.15 mg? kg-1 and 1.59 mg? kg-1 in group P; 0.40 mg? kg-1 and 0.72 mg? kg-1 in ketamine group; 0.65/0.22 mg?kg-1 and 1.19/0.40 mg?kg-1 in P/K group. The deviation of the location of ED50 of P/K combination from the connecting line was statistically insignificant. There was no significant change in SBP and DBF after administration of drugs in P/K group. Conclusion The hypnotic and anesthetic interaction between propofol and ketamine was additive. In terms of hemodynamic stability, P/K combination was the best among the three groups.

c-Jun N-terminal kinases(JNKs)play an integral role in neuronal death in multiple cell lines following a wide variety of stimuli and in a number of physiological functions which have been recognized as important enzymes in cellular function.JNK has been implicated in several neurodegenerative diseases.Data are emerging to extend the understanding of the JNK signaling and confirm the possibility that targeting JNK signaling may offer an effective therapy for pathological conditions in the near future.Because of the involvement of JNK in neuronal diseases,the inhibition of this enzyme is an attractive therapeutic target.

Objective: This study explores the applicability of a multi-attribute decision-making method in assessing Guizhi Decoction (GZD) and its varieties as noted in the Shanghanlun. Methods: A known multi-attribute decision-making method, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), was adopted to transform the clinical challenge of selecting optional decoction for a given combination of symptoms or signs into multiple criteria decision-making problem. Results: A normative model based on the AHP was realized for indications of GZD and its varieties. The indications of sub-family GZD-f (indications of GZD itself) were exterior illness; the indications of GZD-vf1 (indications of GZD's variants which consist of fine adjustments to the ingredients or content on the basis of GZD) were exterior illness with interior excess, suggesting that GZD-vf1 consisted of most conservative variants of GZD; the indications of both GZD-vf2 (indications of Guizhi Qu Shaoyao Decoction and its derivative variants) and GZD-vf3 (indications of Guizhi Gancao Decoction and its derivative variants) showed evolution from exterior illness to interior deficiency in 2 directions. As to efficacy evaluation of the decoction, GZD and its varieties (restricted to those comparable ones) were of equal efficacy on 3 popular signs or symptoms indicating exterior illness: floating pulse, aversion to wind and spontaneous sweating, which were the common ground of indications for the GZD family. Conclusion: Modeling of diagnostic procedure based on the AHP is proved practicable to analyze the clinical judgment system of traditional Chinese medicine. Quantification research on syndrome differentiation and decoction evaluation system focused on signs and symptoms is suggested as a feasible and reliable model.

ObjectiveTo discuss the features and laws of online learning of graduate studnets in Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (BUCM); To provide references for the directions of guidance and improvement. Methods Graduate students from the grade 2014 in BUCM were set as the investigation objects. Questionnaire was used to investigate students’ online learning experience, learning channels, time frequency, main contents for online learning, learning achievements and shortcomings, and cognitive degree of MOOCs. Students were invited to write down their understanding of online learning and their opinions and suggestions for the new learning mode of combining MOOCs and classroom learning.Results In this survey, 92.16% of graduate students had the experience in online learning; 41.18% of the students did online learning through the campus network; 47.06% of students kept“once a week” frequency of online learning; 54.90% of students learnt through the network mainly used to develop extracurricular knowledge; 66.27% of students thought online learning had a certain learning harvest; 49.41% of students thought complicated network information brought certain problems. In the MOOCs cognitive survey, 43.92% of students did not understand MOOCs completely; 66.27% of students wanted to try MOOCs as a new study mode; 30.98% of students thought the hours of MOOCs should accounts for a quarter of the total class hours.Conclusion Most graduate students have experience in online learning, have certain learning achievements and have expectations for MOOCs teaching.

Objective To evaluate the current status and outcomes of pelvic exenteration (PE) for recurrent cervical cancer.Methods The following electronic databases has been searched on recurrent cervical cancer management and treatment:Chinese Biological Medicine Disk (CBM),PubMed and Cochrane library.All retrieved studies had to fulfill the following inclusion criteria:cohort studies of recurrent cervical cancer,containing information of detailed patient and operation characteristics as well as the survival rate.Only publications in the English literature were included.All eligible literatures between Jan.1990 and Aug.2013 were assessed for quality.Relevant basic characteristics,complications,survival rate and prognostic factors were reviewed.Results There were eight trials involving 607 patients with cervical cancer received PE,including 515 cases with recurrent disease and 92 cases with primary disease.Four hundred and ninety patients had received total pelvic exenteration (TPE) operation,103 underwent anterior pelvic exenteration(APE) and 14 received posterior pelvic exenteration(PPE).The 5-year overall survival rate for recurrent cervical cancer fluctuate from 26.7％ to 56.0％.Complication rates were from 34.3％ to 83.3％ and the mortality rate was 1.2％ (7/607).Among the relevant factors affecting survival time,resection margin status seemed to be the most important.Conclusion Based on this systematic review,PE does help improve the survival of recurrent cervical cancer patients on the basis of strict selection of candidates.

In this paper,Western developed countries'education of humanities sciences including school-running model,cultivating objects,curriculum,teaching methods,etc. has been discussed and the status quo of marginalization of medical humanities education in China has been analyzed. Based on the discussion and analysis,the proposals for the reform of medical education in humanities sciences in China are given with the modern teaching theories and methods as the reference.

Several factors influencing the extraction of tetrandrine and demethyltetrandrine from Chinese medicinal herbs, Stephania tetrandra S. Moore were studied by means of Ortogonal method. The optimum Condition was eight hours steeping, in 33.3% ammonia in absolute alcohol for four hours under ultrasonic agitation. Tctrandrine aud demethyltetrandrino were detected by HPLC. The contents were 0.678% and 0.616%, the detection limits were 3.87?10-3and 0.48?10-3 mmol/L respectively.