Proteomics has been applied in a wide range of biomedical research.However,the application of proteomics in studying the molecular mechanism of morphine dependence is only at a preliminary stage.This article introduced the application of proteomics techniques in the study of the molecular mechanism of morphine dependence and the discovery of several potential molecular markers of morphine dependence,which affirmed the importance and potential of proteomics in this research area.Also,it was pointed out that the major tasks of current proteomic study of morphine dependence should include establishing animal and cell models of morphine dependence,selecting appropriate sample source and improving proteomics techniques,so that proteomics can serve as a new approach in the study of morphine dependence to discover new therapeutic targets.

Aim To investigate whether acteoside can protect the dopaminergic(neurons,)(SH-SY5Y)(cells,) from rotenone-induced apoptosis.Methods Cell viability was analyzed by MTT assay.The neurons were stained with the fluorescent dye,Hoechst 33342,to analyze the nuclear change.Flow cytometry was used to determine neuronal apoptotic peak quantitatively.The level of intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS) was monitored using the fluorescent probe 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin-diacetate(DCFH-DA).Results ①SH-SY5Y cells treated with 0.5 ?mol ?L~(-1) rotenone for 48 h had a significantly decrease on cell viability compared with control,and the percentage of apoptosis was increased to 47.39%.The cell bodies of most cells shrinked and the dendrites of most cells became shorten or broken.Meanwhile,the shrinkage,condensation and cleavage of nuclei in most cells could be observed.The level of intracellular oxygen species was enhanced.② The preincubation with acteoside(10,20 or 40 mg?L~(-1)),one of the phenylethanoids isolated from Cistanche salsa,for 6 h enhanced the cell viability,and improved the rotenone-induced cell morphological change.Moreover,the percentage of apoptosis was significantly decreased to 25.87%,23.97% and 10.45% in a dose-dependent manner.The enhancement of ROS induced by rotenone was inhibited by 20 mg?L~(-1) acteoside.Conclusion These results demonstrate that acteoside can protect SH-SYSY cells against rotenone-induced apoptosis.The neuroprotective effect might be related with the function that acteoside can reduce the level of ROS.

Objective To investigate the changes in 20S proteasome activities in the brain and spinal cord of acute and chronic morphine-dependent mice.Metbods Male ICR mice,weighing 25-30 g,were used in the study.The experiment was performed in 2 parts.In experiment Ⅰ,16 mice were randomly divided into 5 groups (n =8 each) using a random number table:control group (group C) and acute morphine dependence group (AMD group).In experiment Ⅱ,16 mice were randomly divided into 5 groups (n =8 each) using a random number table:control group (group C) and chronic morphine dependence group (CMD group).Acute morphine dependence was induced with morphine 100 mg/kg injected subcutaneously,and the mice were sacrificed 3 h later.Chronic morphine dependence was induced by increasing doses of morphine for 4 days,the initial dose of morphine was 20 mg/kg injected subcutaneously twice a day and was increased by 10 mg/kg every day,the dose of morphine was 10 mg/kg injected subcutaneously on 5th day,and then the mice were sacrificed 1 h later.In group C,the equal volume of normal saline was given instead,and the other treatments were similar to those previously described in morphine dependence groups.After the mice were sacrificed,the hippocampus,prefrontal cortex,striatum and spinalcord were isolated for determination of 20S proteasome activity,measured as chymotrypsin-like (ChT-L),trypsin-like (T-L) and peptidylglutamyl-like hydrolyzing (PGLH) activities.Results Experiment Ⅰ Compared with C group,PGLH activity in the spinal cord and T-L activity in the striatum or prefrontal cortex were significantly weakened in group AMD.There was no significant difference in 20S proteasome activity in the hippocampus between the two groups.Experiment Ⅱ Compared with C group,ChT-L and T-L activities in the spinal cord were significantly weakened,and PGLH activity in the striatum was enhanced in CMD group.There was no significant difference in 20S proteasome activity in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus between the two groups.Conclusion 20S proteasome activity in the spinal cord and brain is weakened in acute morphine-dependent mice,20S proteasome activity in the spinal cord is weakened,20S proteasome activity in the striatum is enhanced in chronic morphine-dependent mice,these changes have specificity in terms of position and type of activity,and the changes mentioned above may be related to development of morphine dependence in mice.

Animals ; Dental Implantation, Endosseous ; Dental Implants ; Dental Implants, Single-Tooth ; Denture, Complete, Immediate ; Denture, Partial, Immediate ; Humans ; Immediate Dental Implant Loading ; methods ; Jaw, Edentulous ; rehabilitation ; Jaw, Edentulous, Partially ; rehabilitation ; Mandible ; Maxilla

OBJECTIVE: To study the expression of Endophilin II and VEGF-C in human Laryngeal cancer and its relationship with the clinical treatment effect. METHOD: The expression and distribution of Endophilin II and VEGF-C protein were checked in 47 patients with laryngeal carcinoma in our hospital in 2006-09-2009-10 and 23 samples of normal tissues around the cancer by immunohistochemical staining SP method. After an appropriate surgical treatment, patients accepted a 5-year followup to evaluate their recurrence situation and 5-year survival rate. RESULT: Immunohistochemistry showed that Endophilin II protein was strongly positive expressed in normal tissues around the cancer (positive rate 82.61%). And the expression level was dependent on the lymph metastasis, T stage and lymph invasion (P < 0.05). Patients with positive Endophilin II expression had a higher survival rate and better recurrence situation. Expression of VEGF-C was significantly higher in laryngeal carcinoma than in normal tissue around the cancer (positive rate 51.06% and 13.04%). the expression level was dependent on the lymph metastasis and lymph invasion (P < 0.05), and negatively correlated with recurrence and 5-year survival rate. CONCLUSION Endophilin II and VEGF-C may involve in laryngeal cancer, and the expression of Endophilin II and VEGF-C has a positive correlation with pathological features and lymph metastasis, and both are related with recurrence and 5-year survival rate. So these two proteins are likely to be a potential target for diagnosis and treatment of laryngeal cancer.
Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; metabolism ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Survival Rate ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C ; metabolism

Objective To evaluate the value of volume rendering technique of MSCT in the diagnosis of pediatric pectus carinatum. Methods MSCT data of 36 children with pectus carinatum were collected.Volume rendering and multiplanar reformation recon-struction techniques were adopted at a postprocessing station.Results There were 35 cases of chondrogladiolar variant and 1 case of chondromanubrial variant,27 cases were symmetric and other 9 cases were asymmetric.VR technique clearly demonstrated the abnormal changes of sternum,costae and costal cartilages.Conclusion VR technique of MSCT can fully display the three-dimension morpho-logical changes of pediatric pectus carinatum,which can supply accurate information for minimally invasive treatment procedure.

Objective To analyze the characteristics of balance impairment in stroke patients over 60 years old. Methods This was a retrospectivecase-control study. Subjects were divided into two groups, normal control group and stroke group. Tetrax Interactive Balance Systemwas used to examine stability index (ST), weight distribution percentages, weight distribution index (WDI), fall index (FI), synchronizationsand spectrum analysis of postural sway under the condition of standing still with eyes open respectively in both groups. Results Frequenciesof spectrum analysis of postural sway in the stroke group were significantly higher than that in normal control group (P<0.05) exceptthe low frequencies. The weight distribution percentages of unaffected foot and WDI of the stroke group were significantly higher thanthe normal control group (P<0.05). ST and synchronizations in the stroke group were worse than the normal control group (P<0.05). In thestroke group, correlations were found between FI and ST, FI and spectrum analysis of postural sway (except the low frequencies), as well asbetween FI and synchronizations (P<0.05). Conclusion Stability index, weight distribution percentages, weight distribution index, synchronizationsand spectrum analysis of postural sway are significantly abnormal in the elderly stroke patients with balance impairment. And theirfall index was found to be correlated to a variety of factors.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of GM1 ganglioside treatment for persons with Parkinson's disease.Methods33 Parkinson's disease patients with a fluctuating response to levodopa received 100 mg GM1 ganglioside (used as add-on agent to the previous medication regimen) daily. Unified Parkinson's disease Rating scale (UPDRS) motor score and Activities of Daily Living (ADL) score were measure before and 2, 3 or 4 weeks after treatment. The side-effect of GM1 during treatment were observed. ResultsAfter 2, 3, 4 weeks of treatment, There was significant improvement in patients with GM1 treament on the UPDRS motor scores were (23.5±8.9), (22.8±8.3) and (22.5±9.1) respectively, which was improved compared with that before (36.7±10.2) (P<0.01). The ADL portion of the UPDRS at these time were (21.4±10.9), (20.3±9.5) and (20.6±10.2) respectively, also showed significant improvement compared with the baseline (30.5±12.1) (P<0.01). However, there was no significant differece between the scores that measured at the time spots 2 weeks after treatment.No side-effect had been observed.ConclusionGM1 ganglioside can improve neurologic function significantly in PD patients with fluctuating response to levodopa.

Objective To observe the expression changes of matrix metalloproteinase 9(MMP-9),vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)in the esophageal squamous cell carcinomas,and to study the chinical significance. Methods The expression of MMP-9 and VEGF in 60 patients with esophageal carcinoma and 20 cases with adjacent normal mucosa were tested with immunohistochemical SP method. Results The positive rate of MMP-9,VEGF in the esophageal squamous cell carcinomas were 70%(42/60)and 80%(48/60),the positive rate of adjacent normal mucosa were 10%(2/20)and 20%(4/20).The positive rates of the two groups were compared,all the differences had statistical significance(P＜0.05); expressions of MMP-9,VEGF in the esophageal squamous cell carcinomas related to invasive depth of carcinoma and lymph node metastasis(P＜0.05).There were positive correlation(r=2.330,P＜0.05). Conclusion The higher expression of MMP-9 and VEGF in the esophageal squamous cell carcinomas played an important role in invasion and metastasis of esophagus squamous cancer.

Objective To assess the effect of interleukin 8 and cortisol on the onset of idiopathic preterm labor (PL) Methods In 35 women with preterm labor and 17 controls, maternal serum and urine samples were collected. Interleukin 8 concentration was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbant assay, serum cortisol level was measured by radioimmunoassay Results The concentration of interleukin 8 in maternal serum and urine and cortisol in serum were significantly higher in PL group than those in the control [(0 26?0 13) ?g/L vs (0 16?0 08) ?g/L, (0 16?0 15)?10 -2 g/mol Cr vs (0 04?0 02)?10 -2 g/mol Cr, (765 83?408 55) ?g/L vs (512 41?142 65) ?g/L; P