Abstract：In recent years，the outbreak and prevalence of respiratory infectious diseases in the world seriously endanger human health，among which the respiratory infectious diseases caused by viral infection account for a large proportion. The use of vaccines and common antiviral drugs is an effective way to fight viral infection，but there are also problems such as lag and drug resistance. Monoclonal antibodies against respiratory viral infections provide a new strategy for clinical treatment. This paper reviews the development of monoclonal antibody against respiratory virus and its application in respiratory viral infectious diseases. Keywords：Respiratory viral infectious diseases；Respiratory syncytial virus（RSV）；Influenza virus（IFV）；Coronavirus （CoV）；Monoclonal antibody

OBJECTIVETo explore causes of shoulder pain and propose prevention measures in treating acromioclavicular joint dislocation.

METHODSFrom January 2005 to January 2013, 86 patients with acromioclavicular joint dislocation (Tossy III) were treated with hook plate fixation, and were divided into two groups. Bsaed on recovery of shoulder function mostly, the patients who suffered from rest pain, motion pain were named as shoulder pain group, while the patients without pain were named as painless group. In shoulder pain group, there were 21 cases including 15 males and and 6 females ranging the age from 22 to 62 years old with an average of (40.6±11.2) years old. There were 8 cases were on the left side and 13 cases were on the right side. In painless group, there were 65 cases including 36 males and and 29 females ranging the age from 19 to 65 years old with an average of (40.0±11.3) years old. There were 33 cases were on the left side and 32 cases were on the right side. The time from injury to operation ranged from 3 h to 8 d with an average of 34.6 h. Shoulder function of all patients were normal before injuried. Postoperative pain, activity of daily living (ADL), range of motion, deltoid muscle strength were compared. Anteflexion,rear protraction, abduction and upthrow of shoulder joint were also compared. Postoperative complications between two groups were observed and compared.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 12 to 48 months with an average of 18.5 months. Constant-Murley score were used to evaluate clinical efficacy at the least following up, and 13 cases got an excellent results, 5 moderate, 2 good and 1 poor in shoulder pain group ; while 61 cases were obtained excellent results, 3 moderate and 1 good in painless group. There were significantly differences between two groups in Constant-Murley score and activity of shoulder joint (P<0.05). In shoulder pain group, 3 cases were disconnected, 1 case occurred stress fracture, 9 cases were subacromial impingement syndrome, 5 cases occurred subluxation, 1 case occurred plate breakage and 11 cases were acromioclavicular arthritis.

CONCLUSIONChosing individual clavicular hook plate, fulfilling anatomic reset, paying attention to the repair of articular capsule ligament, and reducing hook and bone antagonism between stress is the key point of preventing and decreasing postoperative shoulder pain.

Acromioclavicular Joint ; injuries ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Adult ; Bone Plates ; adverse effects ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; instrumentation ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Shoulder Dislocation ; complications ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Shoulder Pain ; etiology ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To discuss how to preven wrong absorption of pancreatic pseudocyst using guided transmural drainage under endoscopic ultrasonography.Methods Retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of patients with pancreatic pseudocysts underwent operations of Endoscopic ultrasonography guided transmural drainage.Results 16 cases of pancreatic pseudocysts were finished with guided transmural drainage under endoscopic ultrasonography using needling to place bypass grafting with successful rate 100.0% of guided transmural drainage by needling. After needling, 2 cased happened regurgitation which led to wrongly absorbed, rate of occurrence is 12.5%. Generally, pancreatic pseudocysts of 16 cases disappeared completely with cure rate 100.0%. From above, stents were pulled out by endoscope in 3 cases while stents were removed voluntarily in another 13 cases.Conclusion Dorsal elevated position, detailed operation and esophageal annular tubes can effectively prevent wrong absorption of guided transmural drainage under endoscopic ultrasonography of pancreatic pseudocysts.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of a modified technique for repairing secondary defect of unilateral cleft lip.

METHODSThe incision line was designed along the oral-nasal contour line. The lateral crus of nasal alar were rotated and repositioned in order to reconstruct the nasal sill and base. V-Y plasty was performed with a muco-cartilage flap inside the nasal cavity to reset the alar cartilage backwards and correct the nasal deformity.

RESULTSSatisfactory results were achieved in all 69 patients with this modified technique. The post-operative scar was inconspicuous.

CONCLUSIONSThis modified technique with advantages of contour line incision and alar cartilage backward re-reposition is a good option for the repair of secondary defect of unilateral cleft lip.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Cleft Lip ; complications ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Lip ; abnormalities ; Male ; Nose ; abnormalities ; Nose Deformities, Acquired ; surgery ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Young Adult

BACKGROUNDPatients with severe full-thickness burn injury suffer from their inability to maintain body temperature through perspiration because the complete destructed sweat glands can not be regenerated. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) represent an ideal stem-cell source for cell therapy because of their easy purification and multipotency. In this study, we attempted to induce human BM-MSCs to differentiate into sweat gland cells for sweat gland regeneration through ectodysplasin (EDA) gene transfection.

METHODSThe dynamic expression of EDA and EDA receptor (EDAR) were firstly observed in the sweat gland formation during embryological development. After transfection with EDA expression vector, human BM-MSCs were transplanted into the injured areas of burn animal models. The regeneration of sweat glands was identified by perspiration test and immunohistochemical analysis.

RESULTSEndogenous expression of EDA and EDAR correlated with sweat gland development in human fetal skin. After EDA transfection, BM-MSC acquired a sweat-gland-cell phenotype, evidenced by their expression of sweat gland markers by flow cytometry analysis. Immunohistochemical staining revealed a markedly contribution of EDA-transfected BM-MSCs to the regeneration of sweat glands in the scalded paws. Positive rate for perspiration test for the paws treated with EDA-transfected BM-MSCs was significantly higher than those treated with BM-MSCs or EDA expression vector (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSOur results confirmed the important role of EDA in the development of sweat gland. BM-MSCs transfected with EDA significantly improved the sweat-gland regeneration. This study suggests the potential application of EDA-modified MSCs for the repair and regeneration of injured skin and its appendages.

Adult ; Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Ectodysplasins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Pregnancy ; Receptors, Ectodysplasin ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sweat Glands ; cytology ; metabolism ; Transfection ; Young Adult

Objective Excision repair cross-complementing gene-1(ERCC1) are key regulatory enzymes whose expression patterns are associated with overall survival(OS) in several malignancies.Their expression patterns and prognostic value in resected gastric adenocarcinoma(GAC) are not known and need to investigate.Methods A total of 109 patients who underwent resection for GAC in Liu′an People′s Hospital from January 2010 to June 2013 had tissue available for analysis.The primary objective was to assess for the differential expression of ERCC1 using by immunohistochemistry.The secondary objective was to assess for the association between OS and the expression of ERCC1.Results The median follow-up was 21.2 months,and the median OS was 28.8 months.Resected GAC exhibited differential expression of ERCC1(high expression,n=25(23%)).ERCC1 expression was not associated with OS(18.9 months vs.27.7 months,P=0.72).In a subset analysis of patients who received chemotherapy(n=73),high ERCC1 expression was associated with decreased OS(16.7 months vs.53.8 months,P=0.03).After controlling for known adverse pathologic features,high ERCC1 expression persisted as a negative prognostic factor in multivariate Cox regression analysis(HR=2.22,95% CI1.05-4.98,P<0.05).Conversely,in patients who underwent resection only(n=35),high ERCC1 expression demonstrated a trend toward improved OS(40.4 months vs.12.7 months,P=0.10).A positive prognostic influence also was present on multivariate analysis(HR=0.20,95% CI0.05-0.84,P=0.03).Conclusion Resected GAC exhibited differential expression of ERCC1.Among all patients,ERCC1 expression levels were not associated with OS.High ERCC1 tumor expression is associated with decreased OS in the patients who received chemotherapy but is associated with increased OS in those who underwent surgery alone.ERCC1 expression have prognostic value in resected gastric cancer,and further investigation is needed.

Objective: To report a case of azoospermia with a karyotype of 45,X,der(Y)t(Y;13)(q11.2;q12),-13,accompanied with slight bilateral gynecomastia and multiple nodules.Methods: The karyotype was identified by karyotyping and FISH,and the breakpoints of the Y chromosome and the copy number of the BRCA2 gene in 13q12 determined by PCR-STS and DNA polymorphic analysis.The testis and nodule tissues of the patient were obtained for biopsy.Results: FISH confirmed SRY and centromere of the Y chromosome on the questionable 13 chromosome and the karyotype to be 45,X,der(Y)t(Y;13)(q11.1;q12),-13.ish der(Y)(SRY+,DYZ3+,wcp13+).PCR-STS showed the deletion of regions AZFa,b and C,with a breakpoint located inYq11.1 below sY82.No deletion of the BRCA2 gene was observed.The patient was diagnosed with Sertoli cell-only syndrome by testicular biopsy and with angiolipomata by pathological examination of the nodule tissue.Conclusion: The patient's phenotype of complete masculinization could be attributed to presence of the SRY gene,and his azoospermia with small testis to the absence of a fragment from Yq11.1 to Yqter.However,the molecular mechanism of angiolipoma remains unknown.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the value of multiplex fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in the detection of complex karyotypic abnormalities of acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

METHODSMultiplex FISH was used in combination with conventional cytogenetics (CC) and interphase FISH to study 14 cases of AML with complex karyotypic abnormalities.

RESULTSIn the 14 cases of AML studied, conventional cytogenetics detected 23 numerical and 56 structural chromosome abnormalities. Among them 4 gained whole chromosome and 4 lost whole chromosome which were confirmed by multiplex FISH. Twelve chromosome losses detected by CC were revised as derivative chromosomes resulted from various structural aberrations, and 26 derivative and 19 marker chromosomes were characterized precisely by multiplex FISH. Most of them were resulted from unbalanced translocations, including 2 complex 8; 21 translocations, which have not been reported previously: t (8; 21), der (8) t (8; 21) (8pter --> 8q22::21q22 --> 21qter), der (21) t (8; 21; 8) (8qter --> 8q22:: 21p13 --> 21q22::8q22 --> 8qter) and t (21; 8; 18; 1), der (8) t (8; 21) (8pter --> 8q22:: 21q22 --> 21qter), der (21) t (21; 8; 18; 1) (21p13 --> 21q22?::8q22 --> 8q24 ?:: 18??::1q??q??). The complex karyotypic abnormalities involved nearly all chromosomes, of which the chromosomes 17, 7 and 5 were more involved than the rest.

CONCLUSIONMultiplex FISH in combination with conventional cytogenetics may characterize the complex chromosomal abnormalities more precisely. Introduction of this technique to the study of AML with complex chromosomal abnormalities is warranted.

Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid ; genetics ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spectral Karyotyping ; methods ; Translocation, Genetic ; Young Adult

This study was aimed to establish the technique of multiplex fluorescence in situ hybridization (M-FISH) and to explore its usefulness in detection of complex chromosomal aberrations (CCAs) in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Five ALL patients with CCAs were analyzed by combining the techniques of conventional cytogenetics (CC) and M-FISH. The results demonstrated that M-FISH confirmed the aberrations previously detected by CC, such as t (9;22), t (1;19) and t (y;1), and revealed new abnormalities as der (1) (1::3::7), der (6) t (6;9) (q?;p13), der (1) t (1;11), der (12) t (1;12), der (3) t (3;5), der (2) t (2;16), der (9) (9::18::7) and der (7) (9::18::7), and also corrected the wrong results in CC. Among these abnormalities, der (9) (9::18::7) and der (7) (9::18::7) were reported for the first time. In conclusion, M-FISH has proved to be useful in characterization of the CCAs in ALL, and it is an essential method to refine the karyotype analysis.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Cytogenetic Analysis ; Female ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; methods ; Karyotyping ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate whether the alterations of microtubule and microfilament expression are responsible for the neurotoxicity of carbon disulfide.

METHODSWistar rats were administered with carbon disulfide by gavage at a dosage of 300 or 500 mg/kg for continuous 12 weeks (five times per week). Spinal cords of carbon disulfide-intoxicated rats and their age-matched controls were Triton-extracted and ultracentrifuged to yield a pellet and a corresponding supernatant fraction. Then, the contents of alpha-tubulin, beta-tubulin, and beta-actin in both fractions were determined by immunoblotting. In the meantime, their mRNA levels in spinal cords were quantified using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

RESULTSIn the supernatant fraction, the contents of beta-tubulin and beta-actin in both treated groups increased significantly (P < 0.01) the content of beta-tubulin increased by 141% and 158% respectively, and the content of beta-actin increased by 19% and 32% respectively. In the pellet fraction, the content of beta-tubulin in both groups increased by 107%(P < 0.01) and 118%(P < 0.01) respectively, and the others keep unaffected. In the meantime, the levels of of mRNA expression of beta-tubulin and beta-actin gene were elevated consistently in CS(2)-treated groups (P < 0.01) the levels of mRNA expression of beta-tubulin increased by 207% and 212% respectively, and the levels of mRNA expression of beta-actin increased by 94% and 91% respectively.

CONCLUSIONCarbon disulfide intoxication results in alternations of microtubule and microfilament expression, and the alternations might be related to its neurotoxicity.

Actins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Animals ; Carbon Disulfide ; poisoning ; Disease Models, Animal ; Male ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Spinal Cord ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Tubulin ; genetics ; metabolism