?AlM:To compare the tear functions and the impression cytology scores of the patients with primary open angle glaucoma ( POAG ) , ocular hypertension ( OHT ) and normal subjects with healthy ocular surface both functionally and clinically.
?METHODS: Eleven eyes of 11 patients with POAG (mean age: 62. 7±6. 1y), 12 eyes of 12 patients ( mean age:62. 8±6. 4y ) with OHT and 12 eyes of 12 normal subjects ( mean age: 62. 9±6. 03y) were included to this prospective study. The patients with POAG and OHT had been recently diagnosed with these diseases and none of them had taken anti - glaucoma treatment before. ln addition to conjunctival impression cytology, tear break-up time ( TBUT ) and basal Schirmer’s tests ( BST ) were performed. lmpression cytology specimens of each group were graded and scored in the range of 0-3 according to Nelson’s method. Kruskal- Wallis analysis and Dunn’s multiple comparison tests were used for statistical analysis.
?RESULTS:The mean BST values were 10. 4±1. 3, 10. 9±1. 2 and 11. 1±1. 1 mm/5min of POAG, OHT and control groups respectively. The differences among the BST values of the POAG, OHT and control group were not statistically significant (P=0. 33). The mean TBUT values were 11. 2±1. 1, 11. 3±1. 1 and 11. 8±1. 2s in POAG, OHT and normal subjects respectively. The differences among the BUT values of the POAG, OHT and control group were not statistically significant (P=0. 35). Six eyes (54. 5%) revealed grade 0 and 5 eyes ( 45. 5%) revealed grade 1 impression cytology scores in POAG group. Six eyes (50%) revealed grade 0 and 6 eyes (50%) revealed grade 1 impression cytology scores in OHT group and 6 eyes (50%) revealed grade 0 and 6 eyes (50%) revealed grade 1 impression cytology scores in normal subjects ( P =0. 97).
?CONCLUSlON: Oxidative stress may cause glaucoma, ocular surface diseases, lacrimal gland malfunction and a decrease in mucus secretion ofgoblet cells in all of the body. There were no significant differences between the impression cytology scores of patients with POAG, OHT and normal subjects.

PURPOSE: This study investigated the influence of surface conditioning procedures and repeated firings on monoclinic content and strength of zirconia before cementation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sintered bar-shaped zirconia specimens were subjected to no surface treatment (control), air abrasion, or grinding (n=21). Their roughness was evaluated using a profilometer, and microscope analysis was performed on one specimen of each group. Then, 2 or 10 repeated firings (n=10) were executed, the monoclinic content of specimens was analyzed by X-ray diffraction, and a three-point flexural strength test was performed. Surface roughness values were compared using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey honestly significant difference (HSD) tests, the monoclinic content values were tested using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests, and the flexural strength values were tested using two-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests (P=.05). Spearman's correlation test was performed to define relationships among measured parameters. RESULTS: Surface-treated specimens were rougher than untreated specimens and had a higher monoclinic content (P<.005), and the relationship between roughness and monoclinic content was significant (P<.000). Neither surface treatment nor firing significantly affected the flexural strength, but Weibull analysis showed that for the air-abraded samples the characteristic strength was significantly lower after the 10th firing than after the 2nd firing. CONCLUSION: After firing, a negligible amount of monoclinic content remained on the zirconia surfaces, and rougher surfaces had higher monoclinic contents than untreated surfaces. Multiple firings could be performed if necessary, but the fracture probability could increase after multiple firings for rougher surfaces.
Cementation ; Ceramics ; Fires* ; X-Ray Diffraction