Introduction: Halitosis (Latin word: halitus – to breathe), osostomia, stomatodysodia (fetor oris, fetor ex ore) is called bad breath. Halitosis prevalence has been found in European countries is 50-60%, in Germany the percentage is 66.7%, in the U.S population the percentage is 10-30%, and in the Russia the percentage is 30-50%. In Turkey, halitosis has been 14.5% among children and it has direct association with their age, oral hygiene, and caries severity. Among world population, 80-90% people have halitosis, and in terms of its prevalence it ranks after periodontal disease and dental caries diseases. Thus, to determine halitosis among Mongolians might help improve oral hygiene, prevent oral and other diseases. Goal: To study assessed factors influenced halitosis and prevalence in Mongolia. Materials and Methods: 1492 patients who attended in dental clinic participated in this study. 16 questionary items were asked from a total of 1492 patients aged 19-55 years old who had anxious of halitosis. In clinical room, under the artificial light, using single-use examination tools, coloring-agent, periodontal probe, tongue-scraper and halimeter were used.
The studying “Reasons and prevalence for halitosis” was estimated processing result with spss-17 program, and conducted a descriptive analysis of the quantitative data that was used the basic biostatics method and indicated STUDENT- T criterion in the average data for the arithmetic in each indicator, standard variance, standard error and real limits. Each indicator (M) Standard variance Standard error (m) Real limits (c1-95%).
The ethics was discussed and approved in according to warrant by the Ethics Committee of Medical University in Novosibirsk, №085, 2015. Results: Total 816 people conducted in our study; from them 60% has bad breath complaint. Those who said have bad breath, 24% don’t notice they have bad breath, 34% have noticed their bad breath and use mouth rinse in order to get rid of their problem and have never sought medical treatment about it. 10% people with halitosis have general factors causing this problem. These people had relatively healthy mouth and 2.1% of them have halitophobia or fear of having bad breath and constantly get checked with physician.
In our research, 20 to 50 and above year olds 816 people have included and out of them 40% were male and 60% were female (Table 2). From them, 61% had bad breath and 39% had not (Figure 1). In males 68% had bad breath, in females 56% had bad breath and these occur to be caused by local factors.
In finding causes of bad odors in people with halitosis, 90% had local problems and within local problems; smoking, poor oral hygiene, caries complication, and gum inflammation predominantly discovered. 10% had general and other problems of causes of bad breath (Figure 2). In people with halitosis, 10% had found with general factors influencing their bad breath problem. These people had relatively healthy mouth, and 2.1% of them have halitophobia or fear of having bad breath and constantly get checked with physician.
Local factors influencing halitosis include; smoking (37%), bleeding gum (28%), tongue biofilm (3.0+3.1), poor oral hygiene (1.5+1.4), periodontal pocket (4.2+3.87), denture (54.8%(. Using organoleptic method of measuring mouth odor, the mean point was 2.25±2.3. Using halitometer, average light sulfuric gas concentrate was 145±134.2 ppb. 20-29 year olds had 140±127.5, 30-39 year olds had 155±136.8, 40-49 year olds had 140±139.5, 50 and above aged people had 139±134.1 ppb, thus there were no association between age and mouth odor (Table 3). Conclusion
1. The Halitus is occurred 61%, And 68% - men, 56% - women, that is more common in Mongolian population.
2. The general condition of halitus that is taken 90% - oral environment, which of that is 37% - smoking, 28% - bleeding of gingival, 3.0-3.1% - coating of tongue, 1.5+1.4% poor oral cares, 4.2+3.87% - dental pathology, and 54.8% - artificial teeth.
3. The oral offensive odor was evaluated by organoleptic method that was 2.25+2.3 in average index (performance) and 145+134.2ppb in halitometres index.