Food is closely related with emotion. It often provides comfort and satisfaction. Some individuals choose to turn to food to curb their negative emotion, resulting in disturbances in eating patterns, such as overeating which lead to obesity and severely controlling food intake, which culminate in eating disorders like anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating. These disorders are not related to the eating problems per se but often due to underlying or complicated by psychological factors, namely depression, anxiety, impulse control problems and personality. The roles of psychological factors in eating disorders and obesity should therefore not be downplayed. These disorders should be managed comprehensively involving multiple approaches, including not only biological but also psychological interventions provided by a professional team comprising endocrinologists, psychiatrists, dietitians, exercise physicians and surgeons.

We aimed to report the first case of anorexia nervosa in a young Malaysian Malay homosexual man with underlying borderline personality disorder and major depression. Patient and parents were interviewed. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM IV was used to generate Axis-I diagnosis. The Hamilton Depressive Rating Scale was used to assess the severity of depression. His parents had marital discord. His father was overinvolved. Regarding anorexia nervosa, he had 163 cm height, 46kg weight and a body mass index (BMI) of 17 kg/m2 . His four limbs had multiple scratch marks. Laboratory test results showed anemia, leukocytosis and hypoalbuminemia. Family pathology, borderline personality disorder and homosexuality could be the risk factors of anorexia nervosa in this patient.

We aimed to report the first case of anorexia nervosa in a young Malaysian Malay homosexual man with underlying borderline personality disorder and major depression. Patient and parents were interviewed. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM IV was used to generate Axis-I diagnosis. The Hamilton Depressive Rating Scale was used to assess the severity of depression. His parents had marital discord. His father was overinvolved. Regarding anorexia nervosa, he had 163 cm height, 46kg weight and a body mass index (BMI) of 17 kg/m2. His four limbs had multiple scratch marks. Laboratory test results showed anemia, leukocytosis and hypoalbuminemia. Family pathology, borderline personality disorder and homosexuality could be the risk factors of anorexia nervosa in this patient.

Giant-cell arteritis is an infl ammatory disease of blood vessels most commonly involving large and medium arteries of the head, predominately the branches of the external carotid artery. It is a form of vasculitis. Giant-cell arteritis of the temporal artery is referred to as “temporal arteritis”. Giant cell arteritis is rare among Asians. Diagnosis is based on American College of Rheumatology (ACR) classifi cation criteria for giant-cell arteritis with gold standard temporal artery biopsy.1 Blindness is a feared complication, mostly caused by anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy. High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has started to play a role in the diagnosis of giant cell arteritis. Evidence of arteritis involving the superfi cial temporal arteries with mural thickening and even the ophthalmic arteries can be seen on MRI, which further increase the diagnostic confi dence prior to biopsy.2,3 Optic perineuritis is a rare association with giant cell arteritis. MRI is required for diagnosis especially for differentiation from optic neuritis.4 We report a case of giant cell arteritis with optic perineuritis to demonstrate the role of MRI in the diagnosis.

Biomechanical Phenomena ; Child ; Exercise ; physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Leg ; Muscle, Skeletal ; injuries ; physiology ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ; Sciatic Neuropathy ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Thigh

Background: The modified Stoppa approach was first described in 1993 by Hirvensalo as an alternative to the ilioinguinal approach for treatment of pelvic ring fracture. Methods: This is a retrospective study of 5 patients with unstable pelvic fracture treated with internal fixation using the modified Stoppa approach. Residual displacement of the pelvic ring was measured and graded using the methods described by Matta and Lindahl. Functional outcomes were assessed using the modified Merle D Aubigne and Pos
Orthopaedic

This is a cross sectional study examining quality of life in relation to coping styles among patients with Schizophrenia (N=92) in remission, from June 2002 to December 2002. Remission state is determined by Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS). The psychiatric diagnosis was made by treating psychiatrist using the Clinical Interview Schedule for the DSM-IV Diagnosis. They are subsequently asked to complete demographic and clinical data questionnaire and followed by 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36) of the Medical Outcome Study (MOS) for the assessment of quality of life and the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situation (CISS). The QOL in term of overall mental health among patients with schizophrenia was significantly and positively associated with ethnic group (p<0.05), employment status, type of antipsychotic (p<0.05) and number of admission (p<0.05). Being Chinese and employed are associated with better QOL in term of overall mental health. The commonly used coping style among patients with Schizophrenia is the distraction component of avoidance-oriented coping. The task-oriented coping was significantly and positively correlated with quality of life in term of mental component. There was a negative correlation between the emotion-oriented coping and all the domain of the quality of life. In conclusion, better quality of life is positively correlated with taskoriented coping and inversely related with emotion-oriented coping.

Aged ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal ; adverse effects ; Facial Dermatoses ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Purpura ; etiology

Objective: This descriptive cross-section, community-based study examined the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity and quality of life (QOL) and the associated factors among family caregivers of hospice patients with cancer. Methods: Subjects were 50 family caregivers of cancer patients under the care of Hospice Malaysia homecare. Home visits were done in Klang Valley. Psychiatric morbidity was detected using GHQ-30 English and Bahasa Malaysia versions, and the QOL was assessed by the Short Form 36 items (SF-36) questionnaire. Results: The study results showed that 54% of respondents had psychiatric morbidity. The educational status and the relationship between family caregivers and the cancer patients were statistically significant (p<0.05) associated with psychiatric morbidity. Among the respondents, scores of all domains of QOL were lower than those of the general Malaysian population. There were statistically significant associations between the relationship of family caregivers and cancer patients, as well as bodily pain and mental health domains (p<0.05) and between gender and social functioning domains (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study demonstrates that caregivers of cancer patients are at risk for psychiatric illnesses and low QOL.

Objective: This descriptive cross-section, community-based study examined the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity and quality of life (QOL) and the associated factors among family caregivers of hospice patients with cancer. Methods: Subjects were 50 family caregivers of cancer patients under the care of Hospice Malaysia homecare. Home visits were done in Klang Valley. Psychiatric morbidity was detected using GHQ-30 English and Bahasa Malaysia versions, and the QOL was assessed by the Short Form 36 items (SF-36) questionnaire. Results: The study results showed that 54% of respondents had psychiatric morbidity. The educational status and the relationship between family caregivers and the cancer patients were statistically significant (p<0.05) associated with psychiatric morbidity. Among the respondents, scores of all domains of QOL were lower than those of the general Malaysian population. There were statistically significant associations between the relationship of family caregivers and cancer patients, as well as bodily pain and mental health domains (p<0.05) and between gender and social functioning domains (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study demonstrates that caregivers of cancer patients are at risk for psychiatric illnesses and low QOL.