Background: Many industrialized countries are witnessing a demographic evolution characterized by the aging of their population. For people over aged 65 year, the prevalence of tooth decay, gum disease and oral cancer is higher than for the general population and higher rates for edentulism (missing teeth), few sound teeth and more filled and decayed teeth than the general population. Risk factors for oral diseases include unhealthy diet, tobacco use, harmful alcohol use, and poor oral hygiene. There is no research work concerning the oral health status of the older population aged 65-74 years old. These age group is selected because they were the adult population groups recommended by the WHO for oral health survey. The purpose of this study was to determine prevalence of caries and edentulous of 65-74 years old and living in the Ulanbator. Methods: An epidemiological survey of 365 older people aged 65-74 was carried out in 2008. It followed the WHO methodology to assessing the oral health status and caries lesions, fi llings, missing teeth were recorded using the WHO criteria. Result: The mean age was 68.70.16. The DMFT index at 65-74 years for the Ulanbator population was 19.50.89 DMFT. Caries prevalence was 52.7% among older people. 4.1% were fully dentate, 21.6% were edentulous, 74.2% were partial edentulism, respectively. Mean number of decayed teeth (DT index) was 3.4, fi lling teeth (FT index) was 2.3, missing teeth (MT index) was 18.0. Conclusion: We carried out this study 365 older people aged 65-74. This preliminary study provide evidence in the direction of building the base of knowledge on prevalence of caries and edentulous elderly person in Ulanbator. The planning and implementation of any strategy for oral health status improvement is crucial alongside the countrys infrastructure development.

Background: The high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed to select salidroside in tablet formulation dietary supplements, raw material containing other components. Further, the proposed method was validated for linearity, precision (system precision, method precision, intermediate or inter-day precision), and accuracy, stability in analytical solution, syst em suitability, and ruggedness. The developed method exhibited the best results in terms of the validation above parameters. The other components and additives did not interfere with their determinations. The method was found to be selective, simple, economical, accurate, reproducible, rapid, and reliable for routine estimation purposes of salidroside in golden root dry extract. The goal of this study was to develop the validation method of salidroside in the dietary supplement. Material and Methods: The Rhodiola rosae L. dry extract was supplied Arshin Co.ltd in People’s Republic of China. The standard salidroside was supplied from Sigma Aldrich Co Ltd. We used solvents for HPLC grade (methanol, acetonitrile). Chromatographic conditions: A gradient HPLC (Shimadzu CBM20AD) with serial dual plunger pump; analytical column: Shimadzu GIST С18 150 x 4.6 mm, particle size 5 μm; flow rate: 1 ml/min; column temperature: 400C, detection: UV 275 nm. Chromatographic procedure: 20 μl of the mixed standard preparation and assay (sample) preparation were separately injected into the chromatography, the chromatograms were recorded, and the responses for the major peaks were measured. The run time was approximately 15 minutes. Results The calibration curves for the salidroside were made by plotting the peak area versus the concentration for each analyte using regression analysis. Each calibration curve was obtained using six levels of concentrations in the range of 100-800 µg/mL. The linear correlation coefficient (r2=1) for all calibration curves was higher than 1 for all analytes. The LOD and LOQ for salidroside were golden root dry extract in 8.788 µg/mL and 26.61 µg/mL, respectively. Accuracy and precision were assessed by analyzing five samples independently prepared at low, middle, and high concentrations. The RSD values of repeatability and intermediate precision were below 1.12%, 1.19 and 1.79%. The accuracy remains between 91 to 109%. The resulting accuracy data were satisfactory for the quantitative analysis of salidroside in golden root dry extract. This article presents a simple, accurate, reproducible, and thoroughly validated HPLC-based method for qualitative and quantitative analysis of salidroside, as part of the quality assessment of golden root dry extract.

Background: There are 13283 people per 100 000 were diagnosed with skin cancer in 2016. Skin cancer is reported not widely in Mongolia. However, melanoma and non-melanoma new case are gradually increasing since 2010. Rhubarb is an old and well-known traditional Mongolian herbal medicine. Rhubarb is rich of bioactive compounds and widely distributed around Mongolia. People are still using Rhubarb as in food consumption and traditional medical treatments. Yet, there is not reported any therapeutic effect of rhubarb based on scientific research.PurposeTo investigate the anti-cancer activities of rhubarb (Rheum undulatum.L), a new herbal preparation from Mongolia, on B16F10 cells Material and Methods: The shoot of rhubarb was soaked with 40% ethanol and methanol. Murine melanoma B16F10 and RAW264.7 macrophage cell lines were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). Cell viability was determined CCK-8 assay. The antimigratory effect of Rhubarb (50-400 μg/μl) was investigated by a wound healing assay for 12 hours. Apoptosis was then evaluated by Western blot analysis. All experiments conducted at Core laboratory of Mongolian national university of medical sciences and Genomics laboratory of Mongolian university of life sciences from November 2015 to February 2017. Results: Ethanol and methanol extract of rhubarb inhibited the proliferation of B16F10 and RAW264.7 cells. In WHMA, cell migration was gradually decreased by concentrate dependent groups compare to the control group. Furthermore, protein expression PARP, Akt, BCL2, BAX and mTOR was investigated. BAX, Akt were down-regulated by rhubarb extraction as expected. DNA fragmentation assay have shown a dose dependent increase in the fragmentation of the DNA signifying apoptotic changes in the R.u extract treated B16F10 cells. Conclusion Rhubarb (Rheum undulatum.L) shows promising anti-cancer activity and can be useful in therapeutic treatment of skin cancer.

Background: Cancer incidence and mortality are steadily increasing both globally and in Mongolia. As these rates rise, traditional Mongolian medicine has long utilized herbal formulas for the treatment of gastric and esophageal cancers and precancerous conditions. One such formulation—Hot Natured 3 Herbs (HN3H)—comprises three species from the Ranunculaceae family: Atragene sibirica L., Ranunculus repens L., and Pulsatilla bungeana L.. However, scientific validation of its anti-tumor effects is essential. This study aimed to investigate the effect of HN3H in a tumor-induced animal model. Aim: To identify the biologically active compounds of HN3H and evaluate their effect in an experimentally induced tumor model in animals. Materials and Methods: The three herbs comprising HN3H—Atragene sibirica L., Ranunculus repens L., and Pulsatilla bungeana L.—were collected during their flowering stage (May–June) in Khishig-Undur, Bulgan province, and dried according to official procedures. Extraction was carried out by maceration in 96% ethanol at a 1:10 ratio. The concentrated extract was suspended in water (1:1) and successively fractionated with dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, butanol, chloroform, and n-hexane. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences (Protocol №2020/03-04). A colorectal cancer model was established by subcutaneous injection of MC-38 cells (Kerafast, USA) into C57BL/6 mice. Immunohistochemistry was performed using CK20, CDX2, Ki67, and p53 antibodies at 1:100 and 1:200 dilutions. Results: The ethanol extract of HN3H contained 2.98±0.04% total phenolics and 2.16±0.05% total flavonoids. Body weight and tumor volume were measured daily with three repetitions. All groups showed a time-dependent increase in body weight. Mice in groups 1A and 1B received ethanol extract at 50 and 100 mg/kg doses; groups 2A and 2B received dichloromethane extract at the same doses. The negative control group was administered 0.5 mg/kg PBS orally, while the positive control group received intraperitoneal injections of 5-fluorouracil (5FU) at 10 mg/kg twice a week. Tumor growth increased in a time-dependent manner across groups. Compared to the negative control, tumor volumes in four treatment groups showed statistically significant reduction (p˂0.05), while no significant difference was observed when compared to the positive control (p=0.08). Histological analysis revealed necrosis in all groups, with variation in extent. Conclusion The ethanol extract of HN3H exhibited moderate levels of phenolic compounds and a high concentration of flavonoids. HN3H extract inhibited tumor progression and activated lymphocyte-predominant inflammation in tumor tissues, indicating potential anti-tumor activity (p˂0.05).