Aims: Children below five years have been the target of screen time guidelines. The adverse health outcomes associated with it require focusing on prime strategies for reducing screen time. The current study reviews parental intervention strategies to reduce screen time among preschool-aged children. Design: Systematic review. Data sources: A total of five databases of the Cochrane register of controlled trials, CINAHL, Medline PubMed, and Scopus databases were searched from May 1 to 31, 2020. Review Methods: The keywords of “screen time”, “television”, “video”, “computer”, “mobile device”, “hand phone”, “media use”, “preschool-aged children”, “interventions”, and “strategies” used for search. The inclusion criteria are limited to specific study populations, intervention, comparison and outcomes (PICOs), language, and published study types. The quality of articles was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias (RoB) tool. Results: A total of six studies that met the inclusion criteria were further analysed. It showed that besides providing knowledge and awareness regarding screen time, restrictive practices, offering alternative activities to parents and removing the screen from the child’s bedroom were the most common strategies used by successful studies. The duration of intervention between 6-8weeks was sufficient to observe screen time reduction, while faceto-face methods dominated the mode of delivery. Increasing parental self-efficacy, listing outcome expectations, and reinforcement strategies targeting both the parents and their home environment were beneficial in reducing screen time. Conclusion: Future screen time reduction studies could benefit from incorporating the above approaches for screen time reduction intervention among preschool children.

Introduction: Obesity is a global issue called as “globesity”. Overweight and obesity may lead to many noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). Primary care is the first centre to monitor and follow-up the progress of NCD patients. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of an integrated-Weight Management Programme (i-WMP) to reduce body weight among NCD patients from two Government primary care clinics from Hulu Langat District. Methods: This study was single-blinded randomised controlled trial by design. There were 244 eligible patients were randomised into intervention (n = 122) or wait-list control group (n = 122). The i-WMP was developed based on the behaviour change wheel through the operationalization of behaviour change techniques. The duration of this intervention programme was four weeks. Data collected at week 0, week 4, and week 12. The software IBM SPSS was used to analyse the data. Generalized linear mixed model analysis with intention-to-treat principle was applied. Results: The retention rate was 74.2%. Findings showed that the i-WMP was significantly effective in reducing not only body weight as primary outcome but also secondary outcomes such as waist-to-height ratio, waist circumference, body mass index, and total sitting time. It also improved effectively other secondary outcomes such as participants’ knowledge, attitude, and practice towards dietary and towards physical activity. However, no significant changes were reported for body fat percentage and total physical activity metabolic equivalent of task-minutes/week. Conclusion: Implications surrounding the implementation of i-WMP in the primary care clinics are recommended.