In the aftermath of disasters in areas where populations live in close proximity and where sanitation and water supplies are compromised, an environment is created which is conducive to epidemics of vaccine-preventable diseases.
A strong earthquake occurred in Haiti in January 2010, severely affecting Port au Prince, the capital of the country, and the Government was functionally damaged. Over 220,000 people lost their lives and over 300,000 were injured.
Around 1.3 million people are living in temporary shelters in the Port-au-Prince metropolitan area and over 500,000 people have left the disaster areas to seek refuge in the rest of the country.
In Haiti, one of the world's most impoverished countries, the weak routine vaccination coverage was noted and the vaccination campaign was concerned as one of the first priorities.
The Japanese Red Cross (JRC) sent a medical team, called an ERU (Emergency Response Unit) right after the earthquake and provided medical services such as clinics in affected areas.
At the same time, we were involved in the vaccination campaign as one of the key players in the International Federation of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) in responding to the mass vaccination campaign by the Ministry of Health supported by WHO (World Health Organization) and UNICEF.
More than 150,000 people were vaccinated in 1 month by all Red Cross members. 35,217 of them were by JRC and the coverage was 75.5% according to the random survey. Including all the activities, it took more than 3 months and 62% of initially estimated population was vaccinated until the end.
After disasters, people typically move to other places seeking a better environment so mass vaccination campaign has to be carried out immediately, once it is decided upon. The selection of target populations, vaccines and good cooperation with other organizations is the key to success.

  Recently, the number of outpatients who visit the hospital only for the examination is increased in Ofuna Chuo hospital.  It is important that the pharmacists manage the contrast media used to these outpatients for the rational drug therapy.  However, there are a few hospitals where the pharmacists work in the laboratory.  Therefore, we investigated the effect of the providing drug information by pharmacists to the patients received magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) in the laboratory.  The subjects were consisted of 38 patients who were taken with Bothdel®Oral Solution 10 during receiving MRCP.  The pharmacist instructed the patients about Bothdel®Oral Solution 10 before MRCP.  The percentage of patients who were already treated with the other drugs was 92.0%.  The 4 patients were taken the drugs interacted with Bothdel®Oral Solution 10 and then were able to prevent the drug interaction by the pharmacist.  Also, the patients were taken the questionnaire form about the adverse events of this drug and sent it to the pharmacy by mail after more than 5 days.  As the results, the gastrointestinal symptoms such as a loose stool and a diarrhea were reported 28.5% of the patients.  In addition, as the adverse events other than listed in the package insert, epigastric distress, heaviness of the head and hot flash, were shown in each of a patient, respectively.  In conclusion, it was very important that the pharmacists provide the information of rational use of contrast media to the patients who received examination.

Objective: To examine the clinical significance of elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in cases of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), with a particular focus on their role in predicting outcomes beyond that of previous reports.Patients and Methods: CRP values and SFTS case data retrieved from a PubMed search were extracted for analysis. For comparison, the subjects were divided into two groups based on their CRP levels: normal (CRP ≤0.3 mg/mL) and elevated (CRP >0.3 mg/dL).Results: Forty-four cases were identified: 25 with normal CRP levels and 19 with elevated CRP levels. In an univariate analysis, no significant differences were observed between the two groups with respect to age, sex, date of blood examination, white blood cell count, outcome, or lactate dehydrogenase, alanine transaminase, creatine, or ferritin levels. However, the normal group contained a higher proportion of women, and the incidence of other infectious diseases was relatively low.Conclusion: In cases of SFTS, a CRP level >0.3 mg/dL in the first collection indicates the potential for a mixed infection other than an SFTS-associated infection and male prevalence. Further prospective studies are necessary to confirm whether the findings of the present study are generalizable among patients with SFTS.