No abstract available.
Humans ; Noninvasive Ventilation* ; Weaning*

Objective. This study was done to determine the effectiveness of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in treating infants aged 1 to 12 months with severe bronchiolitis based on a systematic review of literature and meta-analysis of quantitative results.

Methods. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) flow diagram for identification, screening, and identification of eligible studies. Five databases (PubMed, Herdin, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and Science Direct) were searched for relevant studies involving the use of NIV among children with severe bronchiolitis. Included studies were assessed for quality and risk of bias.

Results. There were 9 included eligible studies. The length of hospital stay and duration of respiratory support were significantly lower with the use of NIV compared with IMV (invasive mechanical ventilation) based on pooled standard mean difference (SMD) estimates; however, there was high statistical heterogeneity in the included studies. This can be attributed to differences in the mode of intervention used among studies, patient-specific factors, and viral virulence. Significant improvements in heart rate, oxygen saturation, and tCO2 were seen in the included studies. One study showed statistically significant differences in changes in respiratory rate and improvement in respiratory status based on two bronchiolitis severity scores among infants placed on NIV.

Conclusion. Fair to good-quality evidence from included studies reveals that there is a significant reduction in length of hospital stay, duration of respiratory support, and improvements in respiratory parameters among infants who received NIV for severe bronchiolitis. Larger, well-designed clinical trials on the use of NIV among resource-limited settings wherein it may offer valuable clinical utility, are recommended for future study

China ; Humans ; Noninvasive Ventilation ; utilization

No abstract available.
Humans ; Neuromuscular Diseases* ; Noninvasive Ventilation* ; Weaning*

Key Findings Very low-quality evidence suggests lower mortality (based on five observational studies) but higher failure rate of respiratory support (based on two observational studies) in COVID-19 patients given high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen compared with noninvasive ventilation (NIV) and conventional oxygenation therapy. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) are urgently needed in this area. • Respiratory failure accounts for about half of deaths in patients with COVID-19. • High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy reduces the need for escalating respiratory support and improves patient comfort compared with conventional oxygen therapy among those with acute respiratory failure. • Mortality was consistently lower in COVID-19 patients who received HFNC rather than NIV or conventional oxygen therapy (COT) across 5 very low-quality retrospective observational studies from China. • Several international guidelines recommend the use of HFNC oxygen therapy in COVID-19 patients who develop acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. However, local guidelines from the Philippine Society for Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (PSMID) and the Philippine College of Chest Physicians (PCCP) recommend against HFNC due to risks of transmission and paucity of direct evidence for efficacy. • Additional infection control precautions, i.e. wearing a surgical mask over the cannula, and locating in a negative pressure room, are recommended whenever using HFNC or NIV. • There are at least two ongoing trials due to be completed by the second quarter of 2021 comparing HFNC oxygenation with NIV or COT in COVID-19 patients.
Cannula ; Noninvasive Ventilation ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus

Noninvasive ventilation is an important respiratory management technique for the treatment of mild or moderate respiratory failure in the neonatal intensive care unit. Its reasonable application can effectively avoid the use of invasive ventilation and related complications. Recent studies have found that noninvasive high-frequency oscillatory ventilation has the advantages of both nasal continuous positive airway pressure and high-frequency ventilation and can rapidly improve oxygenation, effectively remove carbon dioxide, and improve respiratory failure. Therefore, it is considered a new and effective noninvasive ventilation mode. There are many studies on the rational use, efficacy, and safety of noninvasive high-frequency oscillatory ventilation in neonates around the world. This article reviews the advances in the clinical studies on noninvasive high-frequency oscillatory ventilation in neonates.
High-Frequency Ventilation ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Noninvasive Ventilation ; adverse effects ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; therapy

OBJECTIVE: To report successful cases of extubation from invasive mechanical ventilation at our institution using pulmonary rehabilitation consisting of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in neuromuscular patients with experience of reintubation. METHODS: Patients who experienced extubation failure via the conventional weaning strategy but afterwards had extubation success via NIV were studied retrospectively. Continuous end-tidal CO₂ (ETCO₂) and pulse oxyhemoglobin saturation (SpO₂) monitoring were performed. Extubation success was defined as a state not requiring invasive mechanical ventilation via endotracheal tube or tracheotomy during a period of at least 5 days. RESULTS: A total of 18 patients with ventilatory failure who initially experienced extubation failure were finally placed under part-time NIV after extubation. No patient had any serious or long-term adverse effect from NIV, and all patients left the hospital alive. CONCLUSION: NIV may promote successful weaning in neuromuscular patients with experience of reintubation.
Humans ; Neuromuscular Diseases* ; Noninvasive Ventilation* ; Oxyhemoglobins ; Rehabilitation ; Respiration, Artificial ; Retrospective Studies ; Tracheotomy ; Weaning*

Acute Disease ; Humans ; Noninvasive Ventilation ; Positive-Pressure Respiration ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; complications ; therapy ; Silicosis ; complications ; therapy

Noninvasive Ventilation ; Positive-Pressure Respiration ; Pulmonary Heart Disease ; complications ; Silicosis ; physiopathology ; Ventricular Function, Right

OBJECTIVETo study the efficacy of noninvasive ventilation in the surgical treatment of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) in children.

METHODSSince 2002.5 - 2007.12, eleven children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy and seven children with post-adenoidtonsillectomy were enrolled in the study. All children were confirmed as OSAHS by polysomnography (PSG) or portable oximetry monitor. Male:female ratio was 17:1. The age ranged from 1 to 11 years (median 3.8 years). The noninvasive ventilation treatment was carried out in all children pre- or postoperatively. PSG was the index for therapy effect. SPSS 11.5 was used to analyse the data. The parameters, x(-) +/- s, were normal distribution, and paired t-test for significancy. A P value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTSSix children after adenotosillectomy, with AHI < 10/h, lowest pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) > 0.85, did not need nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP). Eleven patients with preoperative nCPAP, did not have anesthesia comlications. Post-nCPAP, apnea and hypopnea index AHI (4.7 +/- 3.9)/h, the lowest SpO2 0.867 +/- 0.069, and the average time percents SpO2 < 0.90 during sleep (0.3% +/- 0.5%) improved significantly compared to pre-nasal continuous positive airway pressurecn (nCPAP), which were (77.6 +/- 39.8)/h, (0.535 +/- 0.151) and (46.9% +/- 34.5%), t value were 7.77, -11.62, 5.69, P < 0.001.

CONCLUSIONSNoninvasive ventilation is an effective treatment for severe OSAHS children pre- or postoperation. nCPAP could be used to treat children still with OSAHS after adenotonsillectomy, and also an effective treatment to the ones who had surgical contraindication. Regular follow-up should be done for patients with nCPAP at home.