Tenascin-C (TNC) is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein, which is usually highly expressed in embryonic tissues and tumor tissues, but is not expressed or just lowly expressed in mature tissues. TNC is involved in various complex signaling pathways during tumor metastasis, especially through modulating FAK, RhoA, Wnt and Notch pathways by interacting with syndecan-4, integrin α5β1, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). As a result, TNC affects epithelial mesenchymal transition, tumor cell adhesion, proliferation and angiogenesis, which eventually enhances the invasion and metastasis ability of many tumors. Further studies have demonstrated that TNC could be used as prognosis or metastasis marker of patients with malignant tumor.
Cell Adhesion ; Humans ; Integrins ; Matrix Metalloproteinases ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasms ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; Signal Transduction ; Tenascin ; physiology ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

Objective To explore the effects of wearing ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs) on motor function in children with spastic cerebral palsy (SCP). Methods Fifty-two children with SCP were randomly divided into a wearing-for-training group (n = 16, group 1 ), a day-wearing group (n = 19, group 2) and a day-night-wearing group (n = 17, group 3). In addition to the conventional rehabilitative treatment given to all participants, the children in group 1 wore AFOs during movement training, and children in group 2 wore AFOs in the daytime for 6-8 h per day, while AFOs were applied to the children in group 3 for 24 hours a day except for cleaning and during certain training routines. All the treatments were continued for 2 months. Clinical assessments included the range of passive ankle dorsi-and plantarflexion (APROM) , modified Ashworth scale (MAS) ratings, and the D and E dimensions of the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM). All were performed before and after treatment. Results Before treat-ment, no statistically significant differences were found among the three groups in terms of APROM, MAS, or GM-FM. There were significant subsequent improvements in groups 2 and 3 when compared with group 1 in terms of APROM, MAS and GMFM results. Group 2's improvements in APROM and MAS results were not significantly better than those of group 3, but their average GMFM score improvements were significantly better. Conclusion Wearing AFOs in the daytime 6-8 hours per day is more effective in reducing spasticity and improving functional performance in children with SCP.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of focal ischemic preconditioning (IPC) on the expression of protein kinase-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase ( PERK ) and glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) mRNA and protein after focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in rats.MethodsAll 120 male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham-operation group,middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) group and brain ischemia preconditioning (BIP) group.Each group was further divided into 4 subgroups according to 12 h,1,2 and 3 d after I/R.The IPC models were made in order to measure the expression of PERK,GRP78 mRNA and protein by in situ hybridization and Western blot,and the apoptosis rate of neuron by flow cytometry. Results ①The expression of PERK mRNA increased and reached the peak at 12 h,then decreased continuously after 1 d.BIP could decrease its expression.The expression of PERK protein increased at 12 h and reached the peak at 24 h,then decreased continuously after 2 d.BIP could decrease its expression.②The expression both of GRP78 mRNA and its protein all increased and reached the peak at 12 h,then decreased continuously.BIP could increase their expression (mRNA:12 h: 136.70±9.53,F=32.265; 24 h:147.54 ±9.97,F=54.920; 2 d:158.16 ±9.44,F=45.374; 3d: 165.85±10.26,F=16.493,P＜0.05; protein:12 h: 1.319±0.116,F=5.619,P＜0.05; 24 h: 1.226±0.108,F=33.742,P＜0.01; 2 d:1.183 ±0.112,F =46.556,P ＜0.01; 3 d:1.115± 0.098,F =11.730,P＜0.05).③The rate of apoptosis neuron of rats in MCAO increased markedly at 12 h after reperfusion,and reached the peak at 1 d,then decreased continuously.BIP could decrease the rate of apoptosis neuron. Conclusion BIP can protect neurons through inhibiting the expression of PERK and inducing the expression of GRP78 after endoplasmic reticulum stress in rats.

Objective To assess if evaluating with Peabody's fine motor development scale with 4 degree grading is more sensitive than with 3 degree grading, and whether or not it is feasible to evaluate by quantization with monthly averages. Methods A total of 864 normal children aged 1 month to 60 months were evaluated with the Peabody scale using 4 degree grading and 3 degree grading. The development results were averaged by month to express the development. Results Both ways, the monthly averages of children 4-9 months old were higher than the others. The values obtained with 4 degree grading were lower than those with 3 degree grading in each functional area, and the difference was more obvious with increasing age, but the differences were not statistically significant. With 3 degree grading the total score was equal to the actual score after the age of 9 months, but with 4 degree grading this was not true until at least 18 months. Conclusions Evaluating with Peabody's fine motor scale with 4 degree grading and quantization using monthly averages is reliable and more sensitive than 3 degree grading.

Objective:To investigate the reason for the adhesion of vocal cord after CO_2 Laser laryngeal surgery.Method:One hundred and nineteen patients who were untaken CO_2 Laser laryngeal microsurgery.Result: Among 119 cases,9 cases of bilateral vocal cord paralysis, 42 cases of vocal cord polyps and 3 cases of precancerous laryngeal lesions did not show vocal cord adhesion after CO_2 Laser laryngeal microsurgery.Contrarily, one of 5 cases with laryngeal stenosis, 5 of 41 cases with laryngeal papilloma and 6 of 19 cases with laryngeal carcinoma shew the adhesion of vocal cord after CO_2 Laser laryngeal microsurgery.Conclusion:Through selecting the appropriate patient and surgery spot, processing correctly during and after surgery, using the suitable dosage of laser and reducing the heat radiation, the adhesion of vocal cord can be avoided after CO_2 Laser laryngeal surgery.

Objective To make students at different levels not only learn theoretical knowledge of acupuncture-moxibustion manipulation skills but also achieve full operating training, strengthen the combination of theory and practice and improve the teaching quality of clinical disciplines by applyingmultimedia-subject participationteaching method to acupuncture-moxibustion manipulation techniques in the experimental teaching of acupuncture and moxibustion. Method The students were randomized, according to grade, into experiment (n=114) and control (n=115) groups. The teaching content was the same in the two groups. The experiment group received multimedia-subject participationteaching method. After the multimedia teaching, the students did an independent demonstration and made a self-evaluation, the teachers made a comment and the students did independent practice again in groups. The control group received conventional theory teaching and did practice under demonstration in the experimental lesson. The examination and questionnaire were used as assessment indicators to evaluate the effect ofmultimedia-subject participationteaching method applied to acupuncture-moxibustion technique teaching. Result Statistical analysis was made using the SPSS11.5 statistical software package. The independent samples t-test is used for a between-groups comparison. The statistical result showed that satisfaction was 100%in the experiment group and 75.7%in the control group;there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Multimedia-subject participationteaching method is an innovation in acupuncture-moxibustion technique teaching and helps the students to better master acupuncture-moxibustion manipulation skills. Mastery of theoretical knowledge before real practice is the key to proficient manipulation. The combination of the two in classroom teaching yields twice the result with half the effort. Carrying out multimedia-subject participation teaching method will help to further deepen the teaching reform and to improve the level and quality of“Acupuncture and Moxibustion”teaching.

Objective:To compare the biomechanical effects between oblique Ban-pulling manipulation and lumbar erection-rotation manipulation in sitting position in treating lumbar intervertebral disc herniation (LIDH). Methods:A three-dimensional finite element model of L3-S1 was developed to carry out a comparative study between oblique Ban-pulling manipulation and lumbar erection and rotation manipulation in sitting position. The disc protrusion was assumed to be on the rear left of L4 disc, and the manipulations were performed on the right side. The loading process was simulated by two steps. In the first step, only the compression loading was imposed, and in the second step, both the compression loading and axial rotation moment were imposed. The displacement and stress distribution in L4 disc were investigated. Results:The values of stress and displacement in the second step were lower than those in the first step in each manipulation. The stress and displacement differences between the two steps were respectively 1.79 times and 3.03 times larger in oblique Ban-pulling manipulation than those in lumbar erection-rotation manipulation in sitting position. Conclusion: Oblique Ban-pulling manipulation may result in a better biomechanical effect than lumbar erection-rotation manipulation in sitting position for LIDH.

Implementing national to community-based "One Health" strategy for human,animal and environmental challenges and migrating-led consequences offer great opportunities,and its value of sustained development and wellbeing is an imperative."One Health" strategy in policy commitment,partnership and financial investment are much needed in advocacy,contextual health human-animal and environmental development.Therefore,appropriate and evidence-based handling and management strategies in moving forward universal health coverage and sustainable development goals (SDGs) are essential components to the China-Africa health development initiatives.It is necessary to understand how to strengthen robust and sustainable "One Health" approach implementation in national and regional public health and disaster risk reduction programs.Understanding the foundation of"One Health" strategy in China-Africa public health cooperation is crucial in fostering health systems preparedness and smart response against emerging and re-emerging threats and epidemics.Building the value of China-Africa "One Health" strategy partnerships,frameworks and capacity development and implementation through leveraging on current and innovative China-Africa health initiatives,but also,mobilizing efforts on climatic changes and disasters mitigation and lifestyle adaptations strategies against emerging and current infectious diseases threats are essential to establish epidemic surveillance-response system under the concept of global collaborative coordination and lasting financing mechanisms.Further strengthen local infrastructure and workforce capacity,participatory accountability and transparency on "One Health" approach will benefit to set up infectious diseases of poverty projects,and effective monitoring and evaluation systems in achieving African Union 2063 Agenda and SDGs targets both in Africa and China.

OBJECTIVE: To study treatment method of laryngeal nonspecific granuloma. METHOD: Twenty-five patients with histopathologically identified laryngeal nonspecific granuloma were retrospective reviewed from 1998-2005. All patients were surgically treated by laser laryngomicrosurgery under general anesthesia, postoperative non-operative therapies included anti-gastroesophageal reflux medication, topical inhalant steroid (Beclometasone, Fluticasone) and voice therapy. Two patients were treated with 12 Gy of low-dose radiotherapy after surgery. RESULT: Laryngeal nonspecific granuloma have remarkable tendency of recurrence despite of surgery and non-surgical managements. Recurrence of laryngeal nonspecific granuloma occurs between 2-3 months postoperatively and requires repeated operation for 3 5 times. For intubation granuloma, 6 out of 8 were healed. Six out of eight contact granulomas were healed. Six of gastroesophageal reflux granulomas were healed. Glottic carcinoma was demonstrated in one case after 2 sessions of combined managements. Two patients were completely healed by low-dose radiotherapy of 12 Gy. CONCLUSION Laryngeal nonspecific granuloma have an obvious tendency of recurrence, however, surgery is an important therapy. Combined non-surgical therapies (anti-gastroesophageal reflux medication, topical inhalant steroid and voice therapy) are necessary. In case which routine ways fail to control recurrence, low-dose radiotherapy is recommended because of its safety and satisfied effect.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Granuloma, Laryngeal ; surgery ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

This paper reviews traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) physicians′understanding of liver failure including its TCM causes, mechanisms, positions, and syndrome differentiation in various dynasties. The results suggest that modern researchers agree with ancient physicians on these aspects of liver failure. Based on achievements of ancient TCM physicians, modern researchers have further developed and improved their understanding of TCM causes, mechanisms, positions, and syndrome differentiation of liver failure. Moreover, this paper discusses the treatment of chronic liver failure with yang-supporting therapy, which provides a novel perspective and method for treating chronic liver failure.