ObjectiveTo explore the validity of Frenchay Activities Index on Chinese stroke patients.MethodsThe 39 stroke patients as stroke group and 39 healthy subjects as control group were assessed by the same rater using Frenchay Activities Index twice. In the first assessment, Barthel index was addititionally used to measure the activities of daily living for the stroke group. The Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to analyse the concurrent validity of the Barthel Index and Frenchay Activities Index in the stroke group. The paired t test was used to compare the scores of Frenchay Activities Index between two groups.ResultsThe correlation coefficient of Frenchay Activities Index and Barthel Index was 0.727 in the stroke group(P<0.001). The scores of each items and the total scores of the Frenchay Activities Index in the stroke group were significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.01).ConclusionFrenchay Activities Index is acceptable for stroke.

Objective To investigate the value of the diagnosis of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) in renal tumors. Methods Nineteen patients with hyperechoic renal tumors detected by CEUS underwent resection for suspected renal malignant and benign tumors. The characterization of hyperechoic renal tumors on CEUS was evaluated. Results Histopathologic results of resected lesions showed benign tumors in 11 patients with angiomyolipoma and malignancy in 8 patients with clear cell carcinoma. Six patients with angiomyolipoma showed rapid wash in contrast enhancement and slow wash out on all tumor and focal tumor (6/11). One patient with angiomyolipoma was observed in rapid wash in and wash out (1/11). Four patients with angiomyolipoma showed rapid wash in and negative contrast enhancement after rapid wash out(negative contrast enhancement compared to renal cortex,4/11). Five patients with clear cell carcinoma showed rapid wash in and wash out (5/8). Two patients with clear cell carcinoma showed rapid wash in and delayed wash out (2/8). One patient with showed no enhancement on CEUS (1/8). The pseudocapsule could be seen at 5 patients with clear cell carcinoma. Wash in enhancement and wash out on clear cell carcinoma were significant in comparison to these of angiomyolipoma (P<0.05). Wash in enhancement,delayed wash out and negative contrast enhancement were no significant between clear cell carcinoma and angiomyolipoma (P>0.05). Conclusions CEUS is useful for discriminating between benign and malignant renal tumor.

Objective To explore the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) in the diagnosis of hematoma and active hemorrhage of renal trauma. Methods Totally 28 patients with renal trauma were examined by conventional ultrasound and CEUS,respectively,including 24 cases caused after renal biopsy,4closed trauma. The detectability of renal hematoma and active hemorrhage with these two methods were compared. All patients were identified by CT or follow-up studies with ultrasound. Results The detectability of renal hematoma with conventional ultrasound and CEUS were 67. 86% (19/28), 92. 86%(26/28), respectively. There was statistically different for detectability in the diagnosis ( P ＜0.05), and the extent of hematoma was more obvious with CEUS. CEUS diagnosed 7 of 26 were renal hematoma with active hemorrhage,which were difficult to be detected with conventional ultrasound. For renal hematoma,the features of CEUS were no enhancement found in every phase; for renal hematoma with active hemorrhage,the contrast agents overflowed from injured blood vessels and formed irregular remarkable enhanced regions. Conclusions CEUS is useful in diagnosing hematoma and identifying the extent and active hemorrhage of renal trauma,in addition,CEUS is valuable in detecting complications after renal biopsy.

A new benzene derivative microintegerrin C (1) and a new norsesquiterpenoid microintegerrin D (2), along with six known compounds (3-8), were isolated and identified from stems and leaves of Micromelum integerrimum by various chromatographies such as silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, RP-18 column chromatography and HPLC. Their structures were mainly identified based on the spectral data analysis such as 1D-, 2D-NMR and HR-EI-MS. All known compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Objective To assess clinical features and treatment of angiosarcoma.Methods A retrospective study was carried out among seven patients hospitalized for angiosarcoma in the Department of Plastic Surgery,Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University from January 2004 to March 2012.Clinical behaviors,therapeutic strategies and outcomes of angiosarcoma were analyzed in these patients.Results Of the seven patients,four were male,and three were female,with a median age of 67 years (range,37-77 years).Clinical presentations were various,including irregular ulcerous nodular masses in four patients,localized ulcer in one patient,and irregular erythematous nodules in two patients.All the patients were treated surgically with or without postoperative adjuvant therapy.Pathological examination revealed various degrees of differentiation and atypia of tumor cells,as well as obvious proliferation of endothelial cells,and all of these patients were diagnosed as angiosarcoma.Immunohistochemical analysis revealed a positive staining for CD31 and CD34.After surgical treatment,angiosarcoma recurred in four patients with the median time to the first recurrence being 3.5 months (range,1-6 months),cerebral metastasis occurred in one patient 5 months later,and two patients died.Conclusions Angiosarcoma is a rare and heterogeneous sarcoma with diverse clinical presentations.Local wide resection is the cornerstone of angiosarcoma treatment,and adjuvant therapy may improve its prognosis.

Objective To analyze the misdiagnosis reasons in renal tumors with contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and to improve cognition on CEUS. Methods Two-hundred and eighty-five cases were compared with pathology, the images in 22 cases misdiagnosed on CEUS were reviewed retrospectively and the reasons were analyzed. Results The diagnosis accuracy and misdiagnosis rate of CEUS were 92. 28 % (263/285) and 7. 72%(22/285), respectively. In these 22 cases, 9 cases misdiagnosed as renal cell carcinoma (RCC) were conformed by pathology as renal angiomyolipoma(RAMD), showed 5 cases "fast wash-in and fast wash-out", 4 cases "fast wash-in and slowly wash-out". Seven cases were conformed as RCC, in which 5 were misdiagnosed as RAML, showed 4 cases "fast wash-in and slowly wash-out", 1 cases "simultaneously wash-in and simultaneously wash-out", and 2 were misdiagnosed as renal cyst with no enhancement founded. Four cases misdiagnosed as hematoma were conformed as pyelo-carcinoma, with no enhancement founded in renal pelvis. The remaining 2 cases misdiagnosed as inflammatory pseudotumor were conformed as RCC, showed "fast wash-in and slowly wash-out". Conclusions With the high diagnosis accuracy,CEUS is an important method in diagnosis of renal tumors. Analyzing the misdiagnosed reasons may improve the cognition on CEUS and decrease the misdiagnosis.

Objective To discuss the imaging characteristics of chromophobic cell renal carcinoma (CCRC) and study the features on the contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). Methods The CEUS features of CCRC in 28 cases identified by pathology were reviewed. The blood supply and enhancement characteristic were observed and analyzed on time intensity curve parameters. Results The 28 cases of CCRC showed poor blood supply in contrast with the renal cortex. The CCRC presented with heterogeneity enhancement, part of the tumor took on a high wash-in and wash-out, and enhanced less intense than the surrounding renal cortex. The actinomorphous strong echo of the tumors might be revealed with CEUS in 15 cases (54%). The time intensity curve analysis demonstrated that the CCRCs' difference of peak intensity and area under the curve were lower than the renal cortex (P＜0.05), but arrival time, time-to-peak and slope of ascending curve were higher than the renal medulla (P＜0.05). Conclusion The actinomorphous enhancement and poor blood supply in the tumor of CEUS could provide diagnostic evidence for CRCC.

Objective:Patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) often had severe cardiovascular complications. So the early detection of the cardiovascular functional abnormality was more and more thought highly of by people. We evaluated the cardiac function of the patients with (OSAS) using tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) technique. Methods:Thirty-five patients with OSAS and 35 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. TDI was applied in the pulse-Doppler mode to allow for a spectral display and recording of mitral annulus at septal,lateral corner and tricuspid lateral corner in the apical four chamber view. The peak systolic (Sm),early diastolic (Em) and late diastolic (Am) TDI velocity both of mitral and tricuspid annulus were measured by pulsed wave tissue Doppler imaging technique. Results:There were significant differences in Sm of mitral lateral corner,in Sm,Em and Em to Am ratio of mitral septal corner and in Sm,Em,Am and Em to Am ratio of tricuspid lateral corner between the OSAS group and healthy control group (P

Objective: Application of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute evaluation protocols-12 approved guideline 2^nd edition (CLSI EP12-A2) and EP15-A2 documents in the performance evaluation of Adenovirus IgM CLIA microparticles. Methods: Referring to the EP15-A2 method , three samples of high and low concentration were selected. Each sample test was repeated 4 times one day for 5 days, and the total imprecision was calculated. Referring to the EP12-A2 method , samples of C₅₀, C₅₀-20% and C₅₀+ 20% were prepared and repeated 40 times, to verify C₅₀±20% bounds the C₅~C₉₅ interval. Compared with diagnostic accuracy criteria, the sensitivity and specificity were calculated. Compared with ELISA method , the concordance rate and Kappa value were calculated. Results: The total imprecision CV (%) was less than 8%, lower than that announced by manufacturer. C50±20% concentration fall outside the C5~C95 interval. Compared with diagnostic accuracy criteria, the sensitivity was 100% (95%CI: 79.6%~100%), specificity was 97.8% (95%CI: 94.5%~99.1%), Kappa value was 0.871. Compared with ELISA method , the positive concordance rate was 66.7%(95%CI: 53.6%~77.7%), negative concordance rate was 97.4%(95%CI: 95.4%~98.5%)total concordance rate was 93.9%(95%CI: 91.6%~95.6%), Kappa value was 0.678. Conclusions The performance of Adenovirus IgM CLIA microparticles can meet clinical requirements.

ObjectiveTo conduct a systematic review of the susceptibility gene polymorphism sites of primary knee osteoarthritis (PKO). MethodsThe literature on genetic susceptibility and gene polymorphisms of PKO were retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang Data, and China Biomedical Literature Database from establishment of the library to December, 2020, and systematically reviewed. ResultsA total of 42 papers on the polymorphism sites of human PKO susceptibility genes were included, involving cellular signaling pathways related to PKO pathogenesis, including inflammatory response, receptor signaling pathway, transcription factor signaling pathway, bone-related signaling pathway, etc. Multiple gene polymorphism sites located in inflammatory factor genes, chemokine genes, Toll-like receptor genes, transcription factor genes, obesity-related genes, and bone-related genes. ConclusionInflammatory factor genes and bone-associated allele polymorphisms are likely to be related to PKO susceptibility.