Objective To evaluate the effects of consolidation chemotherapy on postponing the relapse in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian carcinoma. Methods 44 patients with advanced epithelial ovarian carcinoma treated in our hospital from March 2000 to April 2004 were enrolled. Clinical complete remission was achieved after standard treatments in all these patients, and they were randomly assigned into consolidation group and control group. Relapse rate and Disease-free Survival were analyzed. Results 22 patients were assigned to consolidation group, and 22 patients as control group. The latest follow up examination was done in July 2005. Relapse rate was 45.5% in consolidation group, and 59.1% in control group (P=0.365). Mean relapse time in consolidation group was 25.3?9.3 months, and was 16.9?6.7 months in control group (P=0.019). Mean Disease-free Survival was 31.9?14.8 months in consolidation group, and was 22.7?12.9 months, in control group (P=0.033). Kaplan-Meier Survival Analysis showed no significant difference P=0.22. Conclusion Consolidation chemotherapy may postpone tumor relapse and prolong Disease-free survival in patients with clinical complete remission advanced epithelial ovarian carcinoma. While it hasn′t been proved but the results in present study did not prove that consolidation chemotherapy could lower relapse rate or elevate survival rate. Further study is needed to achieve better results.

orrect knowledge about the benign biological behavior of the ovarian GTS and reasonable therapeutic regimen can have the disease ends with good prognosis.

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and assess the outcome of treatment for cervical cancer during pregnancy.Methods A cohort of 13 patients with cervical cancer diagnosed during pregnancy from January 2001 to September 2011 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) was retrospectively studied.Clinical information,gestational age at diagnosis,treatment options and maternal and child outcomes were collected and analyzed.Results Thirteen patients out of 2030 cases of invasive cervical cancer were diagnosed during pregnancy with an incidence of 0.64％ (13/2030).The Mean gestational age at diagnosis of 13 patients is 21+6 weeks.Two cases were diagnosed during the first trimester,8 cases at second trimester and 3 cases at third trimester respectively.Vaginal bleeding during the pregnancy was main clinical manifestation presented in 8 patients and all thirteen cases were diagnosed by biopsy with pathological types of squamous cell carcinoma in 10 cases.The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage was Ⅰ in eleven cases and stage Ⅱ in two cases.Six patients of them received treatment promptly after diagnosis.The other 7 patients had delayed treatment with mean diagnosis-treatment interval time of 65 days due to fertility reasons,who ended pregnancy by cesarean section at mean gestational age of 34+6 weeks,two of them received chemotherapy with cisplatin + fiuorouracil (PF)or cisplatin respectively before the end of the pregnancy,while the one with PF chemotherapy experienced neonatal death.The rest 6 neonatal outcomes were good.As follow-up of 13 cases:11 cases in stage Ⅰ received surgical treatment,and two of which had recurrence respectively,15 months and 7 months post surgery,and one case had died.One case of Stage Ⅱ patients died and one had recurrence after 53 months after radiotherapy.The recurrence rate in 13 cases was 3/13 and the mortality rate was 2/13.Conclusions Most cases of cervical cancer diagnosed during pregnancy were in early FIGO stage.For those patients diagnosed in late pregnancy with strong fertility demand,considering delayed treatment according to FIGO stage of the disease and fetus maturity is appropriate.Chemotherapy during pregnancy may cause neonatal complications.

Objective: To investigate the clinical and pathological features, diagnosis and treatment of primary vulvar Paget disease (VPD) , and analyze the related factors that may affect the recurrence. Methods: A retrospective study was carried out on 36 patients diagnosed as VPD pathologically from January 1983 to December 2017 at Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. The clinical and pathological features, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis and the factors influencing recurrence rate of VPD were analyzed. Results: (1) Totally 94% (34/36) of VPD occurred in postmenopausal women. Pruritus was counted 86% (31/36) of the main complaint. Lesions of vulvar were main symptom which had no specificity, acting as ulcer (67%, 24/36) , erythema (50%, 18/36) , depigmentation (42%, 15/36) , sclerosis (31%, 11/36) , and pigmentation (17%, 6/36) . The lesions invaded labium majus (97%, 35/36) , sometimes labium minus (53%, 19/36) , clitoris (28%, 10/36) , perianal (25%, 9/36) , orificium vaginae (3%, 1/36) , and meatus urinarius (3%, 1/36) . Approximately 19% (7/36) of VPD coexisted with intraepithelial neoplasia or adenocarcinoma of vulvar or other part of body. (2) Diagnosis and treatment: diagnosis was confirmed histologically by biopsy or pathologies after surgery, and immunohistochemical results were helpful for differential diagnosis. Surgery was the mean treatment method, 34 of all the 36 patients (94%, 34/36) underwent surgery for at least once, while 2 patients (6%, 2/36) were performed non-operative treatment. The surgical treatment included excision of focus, wide local excision, simple vulvectomy, and extensive vulvectomy. The non-operative treatment included radiotherapy, chemotherapy, laser, photodynamic therapy, and so on. (3) Prognosis: among 36 VPD patients, 4 were lost to follow-up with a 89% (32/36) follow-up rate. Median follow-up was 35.3 months (range,1 month to 31 years) . During the follow-up period, 2 patients were unable to judge whether they will relapse for the follow-up time did not reach half a year, 8 cases were unsuccessful operation, 20 cases succeeded, the achievement ratio was 71% (20/28) . Nine of twenty cases relapsed, the recurrence rate was 45% (9/20) . The median recurrence time was 14 months after operation. One patient of the 32 followed-up patients died, the mortality rate was 3% (1/32) . (4) The related factors affected the recurrence of VPD: t test was applied to the analysis of patients′ age, rank test was used in the statistics of the time of confirmed diagnosis, the length and thickness of the resection focus. Fisher test was used to calculate whether the focus were limited to the epidermis, type of surgical procedures, distance between the margin and the focus, whether tumor cells infiltrated the margin. The results showed that none of the above terms in the first operation had significant contribution to recurrence (all P>0.05) . Conclusions VPD may be a low potential malignancy, which could slowly progress into deep invasive disease. VPD is often associated with intraepithelial neoplasia or primary tumors of the vulva or somewhere else. Operations is the first choice for VPD, but consider for its high recurrence rate after operation, close follow-up should be strongly suggested.

Objective To analyze the clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients in endometrial cancer with bone metastases. Methods A retrospective review of medical records was performed to analyze patients with endometrial cancer who developed bone metastases at Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) from January 2004 to December 2017, including patients with bone metastases at the diagnosis of endometrial cancer and at recurrence of endometrial cancer. The patient′s clinicopathological features, bone metastasis characteristics, treatment process and prognoses were also analyzed. Results The incidence of bone metastasis of endometrial cancer in PUMCH from 2004 to 2017 was 0.57% (14/2 458). (1) General clinical pathological features: the median age of the 7 patients with bone metastases diagnosed at the time of initial diagnosis was 50 years old, and the main pathological type was endometrioid carcinoma (n=5). The median age of the other 7 patients was 57 years old, with no significant difference comparing to the former groups (P=0.559). (2) The majority site of bone metastasis in endometrial cancer were discovered in pelvic bones, followed by the tibia. (3) Treatment: according to the staging of endometrial cancer, a comprehensive treatment based on surgery was performed, and one patient with isolated bone metastases underwent resection of bone metastasis. (4) Prognosis: nine out of the 14 patients died during the follow-up period. The median over all survival time was 25.5 months (range: 7.7-258.0 months). The median survival of population after diagnosis of bone metastases was 15.0 months (range: 3.0-51.0 months). The survival rate of endometrial cancer at 1-year after diagnosis of bone metastasis was 71.4%. The 2-year survival rate was 40.8%. (5) No independent prognostic factors affecting survival was found (P>0.05). Conclusions The incidence of bone metastasis in endometrial cancer is less than 1%. Bone metastasis could occur at the diagnosis of endometrial cancer or recurrence of endometrial cancer. Bone metastasis suggests a poor prognosis. There is no standard follow-up and treatment protocols so that individualized treatment is needed.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the effects and pregnancy outcomes of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH agonist) combined with aromatase inhibitor (AI) in preserving the fertility of obese women with grade 1 endometrial cancer (EC). METHODS: This study recruited obese EC patients who wished to preserve their fertility. The treatment regimen consisted of intramuscular GnRH agonist 3.75 mg every 4 weeks and oral AI 2.5 mg daily. The maintenance regimen was the same as the initial treatment regimen. Primary outcomes included response rate, time to complete response (CR), and time to recurrence; pregnancy outcomes included the time to pregnancy, pregnancy rate and live birth rate. RESULTS: Six obese patients with EC were included in this study, with the age (mean±standard deviation [SD]) of 30.5±3.3 years and body mass index (mean±SD) of 35.0±1.4 kg/m2. CR rate was 100%, and time to CR was 3–6 months. None of the patients had recurrence after a median follow-up of 4.0 years (range, 1.3–7.0 years). The most common side effects were menopause-like symptoms. Among these patients, no weight gain was observed during treatment. The pregnancy rate and live birth rate was 50.0% and 75.0%, respectively, with a median time to pregnancy of 2.4 years (range, 1.0–5.5 years). CONCLUSION: The combination of GnRH agonist and AI demonstrated promising long-term effect in young obese EC patients who wished to preserve their fertility. No weight gain side effects were observed. Further studies with a larger sample size are needed to fully evaluate this novel treatment regimen.
Aromatase Inhibitors ; Aromatase ; Body Mass Index ; Endometrial Neoplasms ; Female ; Fertility ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; Humans ; Live Birth ; Obesity ; Organ Sparing Treatments ; Pilot Projects ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Pregnancy Rate ; Recurrence ; Sample Size ; Time-to-Pregnancy ; Weight Gain

Patients with ovarian cancer are prone to malignant bowel obstruction and often require surgical treatment, which could possibly lead to postoperative complications including enterocutaneous fistula. The treatment of enterocutaneous fistula requires phased and gradual approaches. Medical nutrition support is an important part of enterocutaneous fistula management, of which personalized strategies need to be developed based on factors such as the location of the intestinal fistula, fistula output, organ function, and nutritional status of patients. Here we report a case of nutritional therapy for a patient with recurrent ovarian cancer complicated with malignant bowel obstruction who developed a proximal enterocutaneous fistula after surgery. The relevant literature are reviewed, with the aim of informing nutritional therapy for enterocutaneous fistula.

Objective:To analyze the clinical efficacy and pregnancy outcomes of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) based fertility-sparing re-treatment in women with endometrial carcinoma (EC) and atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH) who failed with oral progestin therapy.Methods:Forty cases with EC or AEH who failed to respond to oral progestin were included from January 2012 to December 2020 at Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Combination of GnRH-a with levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (group GLI: a subcutaneous injection of GnRH-a every 4 weeks and LNG-IUS insertion constantly) or the combination of GnRH-a with aromatase inhibitor (group GAI: a subcutaneous injection of GnRH-a every 4 weeks and oral letrozole 2.5 mg, daily) were used for these patients. Histological evaluation were performed at the end of each course (every 3-4 months) by hysteroscopy and curettage. After the complete remission (CR), all patients were followed up regularly.Results:(1) Clinical characteristics:among the 40 patients with EC or AEH, the median age at diagnosis was 31 years (range: 22-40 years) and the median body mass index was 24.7 kg/m 2 (range: 18.9-39.5 kg/m 2). (2) Efficacy of fertility-sparing re-treatment: 37 (92%, 37/40) patients achieved CR, 6 (6/7) in AEH and 31 (94%, 31/33) in EC patients. The CR rate was 93% (26/28) and 11/12 in group GLI and GAI, respectively. The median time to CR was 5 months (range: 3-12 months). At the end of the first therapy course, the CR rates in AEH and EC were 5/7 and 42% (14/33), at the second course, the CR rates were 6/7 and 82% (27/33), respectively. (3) Recurrence: after 25 months of median follow-up duration (range: 10-75 months), 8 (22%, 8/37) women developed recurrence, 1/6 in AEH and 7 (23%, 7/31) in EC patients, with the median recurrence time of 18 months (range: 9-26 months). Among them, two cases who had completed childbirth chose to receive hysterectomy directly. Six patients met the criteria of fertility-preserving therapy and received conservative treatment again and 5 (5/6) of them achieved CR. (4) Pregnancy: of the 37 patients with CR, 33 desired to conceive. Ten women attempted to get pregnancy spontaneously and 23 cases with assisted reproductive technology. Fourteen (42%, 14/33) patients became pregnant, including 9 (27%, 9/33) live births, 3 (9%, 3/33) missed abortions, and 2 (6%, 2/33) miscarriages at the second trimester. Conclusions:GnRH-a based fertility-sparing re-treatment in AEH or EC patients who failed with oral progestin therapy achieved good treatment effect and reproductive outcomes. It is an encouraging alternative regime for patients who failed with oral progestin therapy.