Airway Remodeling ; drug effects ; Cholinergic Antagonists ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; drug therapy ; immunology ; metabolism ; Scopolamine Derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Tiotropium Bromide

BACKGROUND: The rare earth elements (Res) have multiple bio-activities and some extent neurotoxicity, Because of their distinct physical and chemical properties. The studies on neuromuscular junction and sympathet ic ganglia have shown that some Res, such as lanthanum(La), gadolinium (Gd),etc, exert considerable effects on synaptic transmission, but the effects and mechanism of Samarium on synaptic transmission are still unknown.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects and impossible mechanism of Samarium Chloride (SmCl3) on the nicotinic transmission in the isolated sympathetic ganglia, superior cervical ganglion (SCG) of rats.DESIGN: Controlled experimental study based on cells.SETTING: Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University. MATERIALS: Totally 40 adult Wistar rats (weighing 250-300 g) of either sex, provided by the Experimental Animal Center of Guangxi Medical University, were used in this study. SmCl3 was made by the chlorination of Samarium Oxide with purity 99.5% and relative molecule mass 348.7, presented by Professor Liu Da-yuan, Guangxi Medical University. Acetylcholine chloride (Ach) and carbachol (Carb) were purchased from Sigma.METHODS: The experiment was completed at the neuropharmacology lab of the experimental center of Guangxi Medical University from September 2001 to December 2002. After sacrificing animals by acute exsanguination,SCG together with their preganglionic nerve trunks were isolated rapidly,then transferred to the recording chamber, the preganglionic nerve trunk was drawn into a suction electrode for orthodromic stimulation. The ganglia were superfused continuously with a Krebs solution, saturated with 950 mL/L 02 and 5mL/L CO2, pH 7.4±0.05, (34±0.5) ℃.The fiber containing glass microelectrodes filled with 3 mol/L KC1 (30-60 MΩ tip resistance) were used to impaled cells and do intracellular recording. The fast excitatory postsynaptic potentials (FEPSPs) were evoked in SCG neurons by single pulse stimulations (0.2-0.5 Hz, 0.5-1.0 ms, 2-10 V)on preganglionic nerve trunk. The remarkable membrane depolarization would be recorded in SCG neurons by superfusing ganglia with exogenous Ach (0.1 mmol/L) or Carb(0.1 mmol/L) for 30-60 s. The effects of 1×(10-7-10-4) mol/L SmCl3 on FEPSPs, membrane potentials, membrane resistance, exogenous Ach and Carb-induced membrane depolarization of SCG neurons were investigated in this experiment.The effects of SmCl3 on the facilitation of high Ca2+ (10 mmol/L ) on FEPSPs were also be observed, namely, first superfusing the ganglia with high Ca2+ (10 mmol/L)to facilitate FEPSPs, then superfusing the ganglia with Ca2+(10 mmol/L)contained SmCl3. All the drugs were solved in Krebs solution or improved Krebs solution and applied to ganglia by superfusion in known concentration.The bioelectricity difference before and after the drug superfusion were analyzed by paired Student's t test.MAIN OUTCOME MESURES: ①Effects of SmCl3 on FEPSPs.②Effects of SmCl3 on membrane potentials and membrane resistances. ③Effects of SmCl3 on exogenous Ach and Carb-induced membrane depolarization. ④Effects of SmCl3 on the facilitation of high Ca2+ (10 mmol/L ) on FEPSPs.RESULTS: ① 1 ×(10-7-10-4)mol/L SmCl3 could reversibly depressed the FEPSPs of rats SCG neurons [the amplitude inhibitory percentage of FEPSPs of l×10-4, 1×10-5, 1×10-6, 1×107 mol/L SmCl3 was (49.78±13.85)%(n=20),(39.05±4.05)%(n=10),(29.83±9.73)%(n=10)and (16.30±2.16)%(n=10)respectively (P ＜ 0.05-0.01)].1×10-4 mol/L SmCl3 could chang Aps into FEPSPs (n=5).②The membrane depolarization induced by Ach (n=5) and Carb (n=7) were not significantly changed by 1×10-4 mol/L SmCl3(P ＞ 0.05).③The membrane potential and membrane resistance were not significantly altered by 1×(10-7-10-4)mol/L SmCl3(n=67), P ＞ 0.05. ④1×10-4 mol/L SmCl3 could antagonized the facilitation of high Ca2+ (10 mmol/L ) on FEPSPs (n=5), P ＜ 0.01.CONCLUSION: SmCl3 can depresses nicotinic transmission in rats sympathetic ganglia by presynaptic mechanisms, perhaps due to its inhibition on Ca2+ influx.

Objective To study the clinical and MRI features of central pontine myelinolysis(CPM).Methods The MRI findings of 11 cases with central pontine myelinolysis verified by clinic and imagings were analyzed.Results There were history of drink wine long term in 7 cases,undernourishment in 4 cases,low-blood-sodium in 10 cases.Long T 1 and T 2 signal intensity was showed on MR in central pontine,focus presented under cortex cerebri and in nucleus basalis area in 4 cases.3 cases enhanced around focus,2 cases enhanced in center and 4 cases no enhanced on postcontrast MRI.Conclusion There are characteristic MRI features in central pontine myelinolysis,it is not difficult to diagnoses CPM in early stage if its clinical manifestations and testing treatment with hormone is associated with MRI features.

Adult ; Diagnostic Errors ; Humans ; Leprosy, Lepromatous ; diagnosis ; Male ; Sinusitis ; diagnosis

After more than half a century of development, obesity and metabolic surgery in western countries has become a complete surgical specialties, but the introduction of obesity and metabolic surgery was only 10 years old in China. The surgical treatment of obesity and related metabolic diseases, especially obesity of type 2 diabetes has been recognized and acknowledgd by the majority of surgical colleagues and patients as a new direction of development. The current trend of obesity and metabolic surgery is favorable, but there are many problems in the development of obesity and metabolic surgery in China, for example, the surgery nomenclature is not standardized, surgical indications are loosened, the surgical procedure is modified arbitrarily, the evaluation criteria is confusing, the postoperative follow-up protocol is not unified, etc. These problems require the majority of surgical colleagues to work together to make the standards scientifically a nd objectively in accordance with the actual situatioin of our country, so as to promote the healthy development of obesity and metabolic surgery in China.
Bariatric Surgery ; methods ; standards ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; surgery ; Humans ; Obesity ; surgery

Objective: To establish a method for the determination of luteoloside, apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucosidase, and luteolin by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method, and the determination of luteoloside, apigenin-7-O-β-D- glucosidase, and luteolin in Humulus scandens female and male plants from different origins and different harvest months in Hebei province. Methods: HPLC method was used for simultaneous determination of luteoloside, apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucosidase, and luteolin. System suitability conditions were as follows: column: Agilent 5 TC-C18 (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm); mobile phase: acetonitrile-0.2% phosphoric acid; flow rate: 1.0 mL/min; detection wavelength: 340 nm; column temperature: 25 ℃; injection volume: 10 μL. Results: The linear ranges were 4.640-74.24 μg/mL of luteoloside (r = 0.999 2), 1.510-30.20 μg/mL of apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucosidase (r = 0.999 9), and 0.796 3-12.74 μg/mL of luteolin. RSD of precision, stability, and repeatabillity tests were ≤ 1.99%. The average recoveries were 102.69% (RSD = 1.64%, n = 9), 100.49% (RSD = 1.93%, n = 9), and 100.39% (RSD = 1.65%, n = 9). Conclusion: The method is simple, reproducible, and accurate, and reliable measurement results can be used for simultaneous determination of luteoloside, apigenin-7-O-β-D- glucosidase, and luteolin in H. scandens female and male plants from different origins and different harvest months in Hebei province. There is greater difference between luteoloside, apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucosidase, and luteolin in H. scandens female and male plants from different origins and different harvest months in Hebei province.

Objective:To explore the effect of diversified nursing rehabilitation exercise in patients with SchatzkerⅡtibial plateau fracture.Methods:From January 2018 to December 2018, a total of 72 patients with Schatzker Ⅱtibial plateau fractures in Wuzhou traditional Chinese medicine hospital were selected by cluster sampling method for study. All patients were treated surgically. 36 of them were included in the control group (routine functional exercise after operation) by random number table method, and the remaining 36 patients were included in the observation group (on the basis of the control group, multiple functional rehabilitation exercise mode was given).The length of hospital stay, knee joint swelling degree and movement angle at different time after operation, preoperative and postoperative Harris Hip Score (HSS) and satisfaction were analyzed.Results:The time of fracture healing and hospitalization in the observation group were (92.58±20.65) d, (8.40±2.32) d, shorter than (108.56±25.38) d, (15.86±2.80) d in the control group ( tvalues were 2.930, 12.309, P<0.05). At 2 weeks and 6 weeks after operation, the swelling degree of knee joint in the observation group was (1.42±0.58) cm and (0.52±0.25) cm, which was less than (1.86±0.62) cm and (0.78±0.34) cm of the control group, respectively, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( tvalues were 3.110, 3.697, P<0.05); there was no significant difference in HSS between the two groups ( P>0.05); the score of observation group was (62.36±6.85), (70.32±5.69) points, which was significantly higher than (58.42±6.02), (63.45±6.28) points of control group ( tvalues were 2.592, 4.864, P<0.05); there was no significant difference in HSS score between the two groups 6 months after operation ( P>0.05). The satisfaction of the observation group was 97.22% (35/36), which was higher than 83.33% (30/36) of the control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( χ 2value was 3.956, P<0.05). Conclusion:For Schatzker type Ⅱ tibial plateau fracture patients, taking diversified nursing rehabilitation exercise can quickly relieve their limb swelling, promote the recovery of joint function and fracture healing, make them recover as soon as possible, and improve their satisfaction.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of IAA/HRP on the proliferation and apoptosis of human SACC-83 cells in vitro,and its molecular mechanism. METHOD: The rate of proliferation inhibition was determined by CCK-8 assay, the apoptosis-related gene Caspase-3 and Livinα mRNA and protein expression levels were measured by real-time PCR and Western blot. RESULT: IAA/HRP could inhibit proliferation of SACC-83, which depending on the time and dosage (P < 0.05); can-up-regulate the Caspase-3 mRNA and protein expression levels and reduction of the mRNA and protein of the Livina expression, (both P < 0.05). CONCLUSION IAA/HRP can inhibit the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of SACC-83 cells, which may due to its regulation of the expression of Caspase-3 and Livinα mRNA expression.
Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; metabolism ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Indoleacetic Acids ; pharmacology ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Proteins ; metabolism

Aim To study effects of morphine tolerance and dependence on the fast excitatory synaptic transmission in sympathetic ganglia of rats.Methods The isolated sympathetic ganglia,superior cervical ganglia(SCG), were made from control and morphine tolerant and dependent rats respectively.Effects of morphine tolerance and dependence on the fast excitatory synaptic transmission in rat sympathetic ganglia were studied by means of intracellular recording technique.Results ① Morphine(0.1～1.0 mmol?L~(-1))reversibly inhibited the amplitude of the fast excitatory postsynaptic potentials(f-EPSPs) in SCG neurons of control rats.② Compared with control group,inhibitory effects of morphine(0.5 mmol?L~(-1) and 1.0 mmol?L~(-1)) on f-EPSPs in SCG neurons of morphine tolerant and dependent rats were obviously decreased;③ Naloxone(0.1 mmol?L~(-1)),which had no significantly effect on f-EPSPs in SCG neurons of control rats,could reversibly facilitate the amplitude of f-EPSPs in SCG neurons of morphine tolerant and dependent rats;④ No significant difference of RMP and Rm was founded between SCG neurons of control and morphine tolerant and dependent rats.Conclusion The morphine tolerant and dependent of the fast excitatory synaptic transmission in rat sympathetic ganglia has been formed in morphine tolerant and dependent rats.

Objective To study the role of polyamines(putrescine,spermidine and spermine) in regulating ornithine decarboxylase(ODC) protein levels in the early regenerating liver of rats. Methods Exogenous polyamines(dissolved in 0.9% NaCl) were administered subcutaneously to adult male SD rats(180～220g).The ODC protein levels in the regenerating liver induced by partial hepatectomy(PH) were measured by Western blotting analysis. Results The treatment with high doses of putrescine( 20 mg/kg body weight),spermidine(0.15 mg/kg body weight) or spermine(6 mg/kg body weight) reduced the ODC protein level compared with the control group within 12 hours after PH.However,the treatment with low doses of putrescine(0.02 mg/kg),spermidine(0.03 mg/kg) or spermine(0.06 mg/kg) resulted in a rapid increase in the protein level in the 4th hour after PH,which was 15.1%,29.5% or 30.3% higher than that of control rats respectively.Conclusion Polyamines with certain doses play a role in the feedback regulation of ODC protein levels in the early regenerating liver,where spermidine and spermine play a greater role than putrescine dose.