The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of total parenteral nutrition(TPN), infection, or growth hormone on changes in proliferation of intestinal mucosa epithelial cells and expression of mucosa c jun . Cecal ligation and puncture was used to replicate intra abdominal infection model, and transjugular intracaval catheterization was chosen to give TPN. Experimental rats were divided into four groups: normal control, TPN control, TPN plus sepsis group, and TPN plus growth hormone group. Changes in mucosa thickness, villus height, crypt depth , mucosa c jun mRNA expression and epithelial cell proliferation index were observed. The results showed that all of mucosa thickness, villus height, crypt depth of intestinal mucosa decreased, proliferation of epithelial cells were markedly inhibited in TPN group. Sepsis states aggravated the above changes in intestinal mucosa. Corresponding to mucosa atrophy, expression of c jun reduced obviously. Growth hormone could promote growth of intestinal mucosal cell, improve proliferation of epithelial cells and expression of mucosa c jun. It suggested that changes in c jun expression appeared to be associated with different proliferation states of intestinal mucosa epithelial cells. c jun mRNA could be used as an important marker to reflect mucosa epithelial cell proliferation .

The aim of this study was to observe the changes in tissue suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCSs) mRNA expression, and to investigate their potential role in the pathogenesis of sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Fifty four Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal control group ( n =6), CLP induced sepsis group ( n =36) and recombinant bactericidal/ permeability increasing protein (rBPI 21 ) treatment group ( n =12). Tissue samples from the liver, lung and kidney were collected to determine SOCS1 and SOCS3 mRNA expressions. Meanwhile, tissue endotoxin and TNF ? levels were also determined. The results showed that, after CLP, endotoxin and TNF ? levels in the liver, lung and kidney significantly increased, peaking at 2～12h ( P

The aim of this study was to investigate changes in high mobility group 1 (HMG 1) protein in postburn Staphylococcus aureus infection and its potential signaling mechanism. A total of 61 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups as follows: normal control group ( n =6), scald control group ( n =9), postburn sepsis group ( n =36) and rapamycin (RPM) treatment group ( n =10). Tissue samples from the liver and kidney were collected to determine tumor necrosis factor ? (TNF ?) and HMG 1 mRNA expression. The results showed that, after Staphylococcus aureus challenge, TNF ? mRNA expression was up regulated rapidly in both the liver and the kidney, peaking at 2 hours ( P

Objective To investigate the microcosmic pathologic mechanism of ac upoint application for asthma. Methods Sixty guinea pigs were randomly alloca ted to three groups: Group A (model control), Group B (guinea pig model treated with acupoint application) and Group C (normal control). Group B was treated wit h the application of herbal medicines on the acupoints located at neck and back. Results From the 6th day of treatment, incubation period of nodding breath was prolonged in Group B as compared with Group A (P

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of fast track surgery in laparoscopic gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Methods: All patients received elective gastric cancer resection, and were divided into three groups: group Ⅰ (open gastrecomy, n = 30) , group Ⅱ (open gastrecomy with fast track surgery, n = 30) , and group Ⅲ (laparoscopic gastrecomy with fast track surger-y ,n =30) . Clinical data and gut function were assessed in three groups. Results: There were no significant differences in postoperative complication and the number of lymph node harvest between 3 groups. Blood loss was less in group Ⅲ than group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ (P <0.01) ,but its operative time was longer and its cost was more than other two open surgery groups (P < 0. 01). Recovery of bowel function in group Ⅲ was faster,and postoperative hospital stay was shorter than group Ⅰ (P<0.01). However, recovery of bowel function and postoperative hospital stay in group Ⅲ was not different from group Ⅱ (P > 0. 05). Conclusion: Postoperative hospital stay can be shorter and recovery of bowel function can be faster in laparoscopic gastrectomy with fast track surgery plan compared to traditional care group. But when using fast track surgery plan, laparoscopic gastrectomy was not superior to open surgery.

Acute Disease ; Animals ; Ginkgo biloba ; Glutathione ; analysis ; Lung ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Malondialdehyde ; analysis ; Paraquat ; toxicity ; Phytotherapy ; Plant Extracts ; therapeutic use ; Poisoning ; drug therapy ; Rats ; Superoxide Dismutase ; analysis ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo explore the influence of nonylphenol (NP) on the neural behavioral development of filial generation rats exposed via placenta.

METHODSOn the first day of the pregnancy, the SD rats were divided into four groups, and orally administered with NP at doses of 0, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg on gestational day 9 approximately 15 respectively. The offspring rats of each groups were examined to observe the impact of NP on the early physiological, neurobehavioral development. The changes of filial generation body weight (from generation day 1 to 28) were measured. Brain tissues were stained with Hematoxylin-eosin and Congo red to observe with optical microscope.

RESULTSIn contrast to the control group, the early physiological markers (pinna detachment, hair growth, tooth growth and eye opening) and the early neurobehavioral development indices (surface righting, air righting, acoustic startle and visual placing) were significantly delayed in the groups of NP 200mg/kg dose (P < 0.05). The developing time of physiological markers decreased from (4.5 +/- 0.8, 5.2 +/- 0.8, 12.7 +/- 1.4, 16.0 +/- 1.7) d to (3.6 +/- 0.5, 3.6 +/- 0.5, 11.1 +/- 1.1, 12.7 +/- 1.3) d while neurobehavioral developing time decreased from (6.5 +/- 0.8, 11.3 +/- 0.5, 11.2 +/- 1.0, 20.2 +/- 1.0) d to (5.1 +/- 0.4, 8.3 +/- 0.5, 9.3 +/- 0.5, 9.3 +/- 0.5) d (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The body weights of filial generation rats were decreased obviously from 1 st day to 28th day. Histopathological examination displayed that hippocampal neurons had congestion and oedema in the group of 100, 200 mg/kg dose.

CONCLUSIONExposures to NP during gestation might impair the neurobehavioral development of F1 rats significantly.

Animals ; Female ; Hippocampus ; pathology ; Phenols ; toxicity ; Placenta ; drug effects ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects ; physiopathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo identify the mutation of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase(SOD1) gene in an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) family with unique phenotype.

METHODSFive exons of SOD1 gene were amplified by PCR. The differences of these products were analyzed by PCR-single strand conformation polymorphism and visualized by silver staining.

RESULTSAbnormal bands were found in exons 2 and 5 of SOD1 gene in several familial members. DNA sequence analysis verified that a base pair insertion occurred in the codon area of exon 2 and in the intron area of exon 5. And the insertion mutation of exon 2 led to a frameshift mutation and premature stop. It is a new type of SOD1 mutation which may be associated with familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

CONCLUSIONInsertion mutation of exon 2 may be responsible for the disease of an ALS family in Chongqing.

Adult ; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ; genetics ; Humans ; Mutation ; Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational ; Superoxide Dismutase ; genetics ; Superoxide Dismutase-1

OBJECTIVETo establish a hepatolenticular degeneration rat model with excessive copper, and investigate the effects of excessive copper deposits in the liver on hepatocyte apoptosis and Bax and Bcl-2 expression.

METHODSRat model of hepatolenticular degeneration was established by administering forages containing 1g/kg of copper sulfate and drinking water containing 0.185% copper sulfate. Copper level in the liver and serum and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level in serum were measured using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine 5-triphosphate nick-end labeling (TUNEL) method was used to detect hepatocyte apoptosis. Bax and Bcl-2 expression was observed by RT-PCR and imunohistochemistry staining. Quantification of positive cells was performed by image analyzer.

RESULTSWith more prolonged excessive copper ingestion, copper level in the liver and serum as well as ALT level in serum rose, and more apoptosis cells appeared in the liver. Bax and Bcl-2 expression increased significantly compared with controls fed a normal diet and progressively increased with more prolonged excessive copper ingestion. The progressively increased extent of Bcl-2 expression was lower than that of Bax expression, so the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax decreased with increasing excessive copper ingestion time.

CONCLUSIONSExcessive copper deposits in the liver can induce hepatocyte apoptosis through an up-regulation of Bax expression.

Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Copper ; toxicity ; Hepatocytes ; drug effects ; pathology ; Liver ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Male ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; analysis ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; analysis ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo establish a new method using AOTF-Near infrared spectroscopy for fast identifying Fufang Danshen tablets.

METHODNear-infrared spectroscopy of Fufang Danshen tablets from different factories and different bacth numbers were collected and the discriminant analysis model (FFDS-C) was established with principal component analysis. This model was applied to predict the the different samples of Fufang Danshn tablets.

RESULTThe model can be used to precisely identify Fufang Danshen tablets from other samples.

CONCLUSIONThe method with low consumption is simple and quick and can be applied to the identification of the Fufang Danshen tablets.

Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared ; methods ; Tablets ; chemistry