Objective To investigate the effect-site concentration for 50% of maximal effect (EC50 )of propofol required for loss of consciousness and onset of burst suppression and to assess the effect of target-control infusion(TCI)of remifentanil on these EC50 of propofol.Methods Sixty patients undergoning general anesthesia for scheduled surgery were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=30):group R received TCI of remifentanil with a target concentraton of 4 ng/ml 10 minutes before TCI of propofol,which started at a target plasma concentration of 1μg/ml and then increased by 1μg/ml step every 1 minute until the burst suppression ratio reach to 15%.Group N received a mock TCI of saline instead of remifentanil and the other procedures were as same as group R.During this,all patients were assessed by modified Observ-er’s Assessment of Alertness/Sedation (OAA/S)scale,the loss of consciousness was definited by modified OAA/S values less than 2,the onset of burst suppression was definited by 15% of burst suppression ratio. Results The EC50 of effect-site concentration of propofol required for loss of consciousness and onset of burst suppression were 2.35 (95%CI 2.29-2.41)and 6.31 (95%CI 6.13-6.47)μg/ml respectively.The EC50 of propofol required for loss of consciousness was decreased to 1.73μg/ml by TCI of remifentanil,but the EC50 of propofol required for onset of burst suppression did not changed by TCI of remifentanil. Conclusion TCI of remifentanil could decrease the EC50 of propofol effect-site concentration required for loss of consciousness but has no effect on the EC50 of propofol required for onset of burst suppression.

OBJECTIVETo determine the content of notoginsenoside R1 and ginsenoside Rg1 in Rupixiao tablet by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography.

METHODA Kromacil C18 column was used with a mixture of acetonitrile and 0.05% phosphoric acid solution (20:80) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.2 mL x min(-1) with the detection wavelength at 203 nm.

RESULTThe measurement proved to be linear over the range of 0.941-9.41 g for notoginsenoside R1 and 1.04-10.4 g for ginsenoside Rg1. The average recovery of this method was 97.3% and 97.9% respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe method was simple, reliable, and accurate and can be used for the quality control of this preparation.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Ginsenosides ; analysis ; Panax ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Reproducibility of Results

BACKGROUND: It was uncertain that the migration, differentiation and survival of transplanted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) into myocardium after the acute myocardial infarction. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the migration, differentiation and survival of rabbit transplanted autologous BMSCs in myocardium after the acute myocardial infarction. METHODS: Rabbit BMSCs were isolated and labeled by DAPI in vitro. Rabbit left anterior descending branch was ligated to establish acute myocardial infarction models. Following successful model establishment, 30 New Zealand rabbits were assigned to BMSC and control groups (n = 15). In the BMSC group, autologous BMSCs were infused into the surrounding sites of the infracted region by 4 points 1 hour following coronary artery ligation. In the control group, the same region was injected with an equal volume of saline. Injection volume was 30 μL in each point. Five animals from each group were sacrificed 10 minutes, 3 days and 4 weeks following transplantation. The heart was obtained to undergo frozen sections. The distribution of DAPI-labeled BMSCs was observed using fluorescence microscope. Immunofluorescence method was used to examine the troponin Ⅰ and α-actin. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: DAPI-labeled BMSCs with blue nuclei were distributed extensively in the myocardium of the cell transplantation group, ovoid in shape and arranged in parallel with the cardiac muscle fibers. Troponin Ⅰ and α-actin were positive immunofluorescently in the cytoplasm of the labeled BMSCs. Results indicated that transplanted BMSCs in the ischemic myocardium could differentiate into myocardial cells under stimulation of local microenvironment.

OBJECTIVETo identify the possible mutation at possible sites in different mitochondrial genes that leads to hearing loss in a large Chinese pedigree.

METHODSBlood samples from a Hunan pedigree were obtained with informed consent. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes using kit. The target fragments were amplified and detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and directly sequencing respectively.

RESULTSThe result of direct sequencing revealed the A1555G mutation in 12S rRNA gene was inherited in this pedigree and no one has A7445G mutation or other mutations in its neighborhood region.

CONCLUSIONSequence analysis confirmed that the pedigree carries the A1555G mutation. With some members ever exposure of aminoglycoside antibiotics, mutation of A1555G may play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of hearing loss in the large pedigree.

Base Sequence ; China ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; chemistry ; genetics ; Family Health ; Female ; Hearing Loss ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Marriage ; Pedigree ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA, Ribosomal ; genetics ; RNA, Transfer, Ser ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo improve the diagnostic accuracy of primary salivary gland-type lung cancer on CT.

METHODSThe CT findings of 13 pathologically proven primary salivary gland-type lung cancers (mucoepidermoid carcinoma, n = 8, adenoid cystic carcinoma, n = 5) were retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTSThree mucoepidermoid carcinomas were located in the main bronchus, 4 in segmental bronchus, and 1 in peripheral lung. Intrabronchial nodule or mass with smooth or lobulated margin and punctuate or strip calcification (n = 2) was the main CT feature. The tumor showed moderate to significant enhancement after the administration of contrast medium. Three adenoid cystic carcinomas involved trachea, and 2 involved the main and lobular bronchi. The main CT features were diffuse or circumferential irregular thickness of the wall, distorted lumen, and nodule protruding into the lumen, and the longitudinal extent of the tumor was greater than its transverse axis.

CONCLUSIONThe CT findings of primary salivary gland-type lung cancer are rather specific and may provide helpful information for the clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Contrast Media ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumonectomy ; methods ; Radiographic Image Enhancement ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; methods ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the tissue distribution of the diallyl disulfide (DADS) and diallyl trisulfide (DATS) in solid lipid nanoparticles loaded garlic oil (GO-SLN) in rats.

METHODThe gas chromatography-electron capture detection (GC-ECD) method was established to determined the DADS and DATS simultaneously in the biological samples of rats after administration of 0.5 mL garlic oil injection or GO-SLN (containing about 10 mg garlic oil) via jugular vein cannula. The conditions for gas chromatographic separation were as follows. The oven temperature was set at 110 degrees C and maintained for 15 min. Temperatures at the injection port and detector were 180 degrees C and 300 degrees C, respectively. Ultra-pure nitrogen (purity > 99.999%, Shenyang Kerui Special Gases Co. Ltd., China) was used as a carrier gas and made-up gas at flow-rates of 1 mL x min(-1) and 60 mL x min(-1), respectively. All injections were carried out in the split injection mode with a split ratio of 1:10.

RESULTThe GC-ECD method was fit for determing the concentration of DADS and DATS in garlic oil. The distribution character of GO-SLN in rats had changed to some extent and the concentration of GO-SLN in tissues was higher than that of GO-Injection.

CONCLUSIONThe SLN can elevate the passive targeting of drugs and lengthen their action time in tissues.

Allyl Compounds ; analysis ; pharmacokinetics ; Animals ; Disulfides ; analysis ; pharmacokinetics ; Female ; Garlic ; chemistry ; Male ; Nanoparticles ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Plant Oils ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Sulfides ; analysis ; pharmacokinetics

Objective To evaluate the preventive and therapeutic effect of oral solution of Niao Du Kang (尿毒康) on acute renal tubular necrosis (ATN) in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats,and preliminarily approach its mechanisms.Methods The oral solution was composed of traditional Chinese medicinal herbs of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei (大黄),Radix Sanguisorbae Offieinalis (地榆),Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae (丹参), Radix Astragali seu Hedysari (黄芪),Flos Carthami Tinctorii (红花) and so on.Sixty-four SD male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:normal control group,ATN model group,verapamil treatment group and traditional Chinese medicine,oral solution of Niao Du Kang treatment group,every group having 16 rats.. The ATN model of SD rats was induced by intramuscular injection of 50% glycerin mixed with isotonic saline solution at the back of bilateral lower extremities.After the model was established in each group ,the levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN),levels of blood serum creatinine (SCr),renal failure index (RFI) and renal pathological changes were detected at different time points after modeling for 12 and 24 hours,and the therapeutic effect of oral solution of Niao Du Kang was observed.Results After the model establishment, Niao Du Kang oral solution could lower the elevation of blood BUN,SCr,RFI in the model,and compared with the normal control group,there were statistical significances (all P

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; genetics ; pathology ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; genetics ; Liver Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the regulatory effect of Jingang Jiangu pill (see text, JGJG) on expression of integrin in ovariectomized rats.

METHODSFifty ovariectomized 10 months old female rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: Fushanmei group (FSM), Jingang Jiangu pill (see text) group (JGJG), Gusongbao granule group (GSB), Model group (OVX), Sham group. After ovariectomized,the rats were raised in the same environment for 13 weeks. The rats in JGJG group took 0.13 g JGJG pill orally each day for each rat; the rats in GSB group took 0.86 g GSB granule orally each day for each rat; the rats in FSM group took 0.28 mg FSM orally each day for each rat; and the rats in OVX and sham groups took sodium. The treatment duration of rats in above 5 groups was 13 weeks. Bone mineral density (BMD) and the expression of integrin beta1 and alphavbeta3 were detected in each group after the treatment. RESYKTS: The BMD and the expression of integrin beta1 in FSM group, JGJG group and GSB group improved obviously than that of OVX group. There were statistical difference between these groups (P<0.05). The expression of integrin alphavbeta3 of the three treating groups significantly depressed.

CONCLUSIONThe JGJG pill improves BMD and express of integrin beta1, in ovariectomized rats and reduces express of integrin alphavbeta3 through the regulation of the coupling of osteoblasts and osteoclasts.

Animals ; Bone Density ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Integrin alphaVbeta3 ; analysis ; Integrin beta1 ; analysis ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Osteoporosis ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Ovariectomy ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

OBJECTIVEBy means of phage-display technique, to screen polypeptides that specifically bind to human gastric cancer with high metastatic potential to peritoneum.

METHODSTwo human gastric cancer cell lines were used: GC9811-P with high metastatic potential to peritoneum and its wild type parental GC9811, to carry out subtractive screening with a phage display-12 peptide library.

RESULTSAfter three rounds of screening, 40 phage clones bond to GC9811-P cells were randomly selected. When injected into the peritoneal cavity of nude mice, 6 of the 40 clones did not bind to mouse peritoneum as examined by immunohistochemical staining. They were considered to be capable of binding specifically to GC9811-P cells. Sequence analysis revealed two different exogenous peptides: TLNINRLILPRT and SMSI(X)SPYI(XXX).

CONCLUSIONTwo peptides have been obtained that specifically bind to a gastric cancer cell variant GC9811-P, which easily disseminates to the peritoneum. Whether or not they could block GC9811-P metastasis to peritoneum in vivo remains to be determined.

Animals ; Binding Sites ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Peptide Library ; Peptides ; metabolism ; Peritoneal Neoplasms ; secondary ; Protein Array Analysis ; methods ; Protein Binding ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Stomach Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology