A model of acute lung injury was reproduced by intravenous injection of endotoxin (700?g / kg) to rabbits. It had been found that the rabbits were in the state of shock, with leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, increased 6 -keto-PGF1? and TXB2, decreased serum ACE and increased permeability of the pulmonary capillaries. Granulocyte sequestration and disturbance in pulmonary microcirculation were found in lungs. A series of changes in epithelial and endothelial cells were also found in both lungs. It was obviously proved that PGE1 had some therapeutic effects in acute lung injury induced by E. coli endotoxin.