In the acute phase of traumatic brain injury or cerebrovascular disease,disorders of hypothalamic-pituitary-cortical axis,hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad axis may exist.The main cause is primary or secondary impairment of hypothalamus as well as pituitary after brain injury.Most of the variations of endocrine after acute brain injuries may be temporary and reversible,but some patients will accompany with hypopituitarism or neuroendocrine deficiency.It is important to set a guideline to decide who and when to test.Hormone replacement therapy should also be verified if it can improve the outcome of patients with brain injuries.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of age on long-term prognosis of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI).Methods102 inpatients with TBI were evaluated by following-up, using Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS), Functioning Item of Disability Rating Scale (DRS-F) , Employability Item of Disability Rating Scale (DRS-E) and Quality of Life Index (QLI).ResultsThe average age of 102 cases was 29.7±12.5. There were no significant differences among different groups in GOS and DRS-F (P>0.05), but the level of DRS-E or QLI showed much higher in <27 years old group than those in >45 years old group (P<0.01).ConclusionThe factor of age may affect the long-term prognosis of TBI, quality of life and employability of young patients are better than elder patients.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of Wu-He Dipsacus asper (WHDA), Traditional Chinese Medicine, injection on mice-aging model induced by D-galactose.

METHODSForty-eight Kunming mice (24 male and 24 female) were randomly divided into control group, model group, positive control group, 7.2 g/kg WHDA group, 3.6 g/kg WHDA group and 1.8 g/kg WHDA group with eight in each group. The model was induced through injecting D-galactose into peritoneal cavity and Morris water maze was used to detect the learning and cognitive ability of mice. The skin hydroxyproline, brain tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), lipofuscin (LP), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels of mice were detected; the IL-2 and IL-6 levels in serum of mice were detected by using double antibody sandwich ELISA method.

RESULTSEach WHDA group was significantly reduced in latency period compared with the model group during Morris water maze test (P < 0.05) and the number of mice in model group through the platform was less than other mice in each group (P < 0.05). The levels of MAD and LP of the control group and each WHDA group were less than model group in the detection of heart, brain tissue oxidation index (SOD, MAD, LP and GSH-Px, P < 0.05). The activity of SOD and GSH-Px in the control group and each WHDA group was significantly higher than that in the model group (P < 0.05). The skin hydroxyproline content of mice which had been injected with D-galactose was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05) and the skin hydroxyproline content of mice of WHDA group was significantly higher than that in the model group (P < 0.05). The IL-2, IL-6 levels in serum of mice in WHDA group were significantly higher than those in the control group and the model group (P < 0.05) and the IL-2, IL-6 levels in serum of mice in the model group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe effective constituents of WHDA have a variety of biological activity which can have a good effect on anti-aging by different ways, improving learning and memory function, eliminating free radicals antioxidant, and enhancing the body immunity and other aspects.

Aging ; drug effects ; physiology ; Animals ; Brain ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Dipsacaceae ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Female ; Galactose ; toxicity ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; metabolism ; Hydroxyproline ; metabolism ; Interleukins ; blood ; Learning ; drug effects ; Lipofuscin ; metabolism ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Memory ; drug effects ; Mice ; Skin ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of metformin therapy on obese nondiabetic children with hyperinsulinemia.Methods Twenty-two obese nondiabetic children with hyperinsulinemia were divided into two groups:control group(dietary counseling and exercise) and treatment group(dietary counseling and exercise combined with metformin).The changes of body mass index(BMI),fasting glucose(FPG),fasting insulin(FINS),insulin resistance(HOMA-IR),2 h PG,2 h INS,total cholesterol(TC) and triglyceride(TG),before and after treatment were determined,and the findings were compared and analyzed.Results After treatment,there were significant differences in BMI,TC,FINS,HOMA-IR levels(P0.05),except the BMI(P

Adolescent ; Brain Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Endocrine System Diseases ; etiology ; Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone ; blood ; Humans ; Infant ; Luteinizing Hormone ; blood ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Interleukin-1beta ; pharmacology ; Male ; Neurons ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Nitriles ; toxicity ; Pyrethrins ; toxicity ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase ; metabolism

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of Tuina (Chinese therapeutic massage) plus needling the distal acupoints along the pathway of meridians for shoulder periarthritis (SP). Methods: A total of 70 patients with SP were divided into an observation group and a control group using the random number table method, with 35 cases in each group. The patients in the observation group were treated by Tuina combined with needling distal acupoints along the pathway of meridians, while those in the control group only received the same Tuina treatment as in the observation group. The visual analog scale (VAS) and shoulder joint function were scored before and after treatment, and the efficacy after treatment was evaluated. Results: After three courses of treatment, the total effective rate of the observation group was 94.3％, while the total effective rate of the control group was 80.0％, showing a statistical difference (P<0.05). After treatment, the VAS scores of the two groups were significantly lower than the baseline scores (P<0.01), and the VAS score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group (P<0.01). After treatment, the total scores of internal rotation, external rotation, back touching, ear touching and motion function in the two groups were significantly higher than those before treatment (P<0.01), and the above five scores in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.01). Conclusion: Tuina combined with needling the distal acupoints along the pathway of meridians is more effective than Tuina alone in treating SP. The combined therapy can relieve the pain and improve joint function more effectively.

Objective To investigate and analyze the situation of urban neglected children aged 3 to 6 in 9 districts of Chongqing .Methods Totally 1 316 children were randomly sampled under stratification from 18 streets of 9 district of Chongqing . Based on the Child Neglect Norms used by China ,prevalence of child neglect was identified and SPSS 13 .0 was employed for statis‐tical analysis .Scores ,frequency/degrees ,age ,sex and 5 types (physical ,emotional ,educational ,safety and medical) of child neglect on every group of the regions were calculated .Results The average prevalence of child neglect for the 3 to 6 year‐olds was 22 .95% ,and the total degree was 39 .56 ± 7 .19 .No significant differences were found in the prevalence and degree of child neglect between males and females and among age groups (P<0 .05) .The frequencies of child neglect for the five types were 5 .09% to 10 .64% ,with the higher frequencies of safety neglect (10 .64% ) and physical neglect (9 .50% ) .The degrees of child neglect for the five types were 36 .94 to 41 .24 ,with the higher degrees of educational neglect and physical neglect (41 .24 ± 10 .43 ,39 .81 ± 9 .32 respectively ) .No significant differences were found in the frequency of the types between males and females and among age groups . No significant differences were found in the degree of the types (with an exception on emotional neglect among age groups) between males and females and among age groups .The children aged 3 to 6 were mainly involved in single item of negligence ,with incidence rates as 13 .68% and proportions as 59 .60% .Conclusion The frequency and degree of child neglect among children aged 3 to 6 in the urban areas of 9 district of Chongqing were medium ,and similar between males and females and among age groups ,except the degree of emotional neglect .The children aged 3 to 6 had the higher frequencies of safety and physical neglect ,and the higher de‐grees of educational and physical neglect .The children aged 3 to 6 were mainly involved in single item of negligence .

Objective To preliminarily evaluate the value of color power doppler ultrasonography in the diagnosis of sacroiliitis in ankylosing spondylitis(AS). Methods Fifty-seven sacroiliac joints in 31 patients with active AS and 40 sacroiliac joints in 20 volunteers were detected by color power doppler ultrasonography.The color flow signs inside the sacroiliac joints were observed,and the resistance index(RI) was measured. Results In active AS,color flow signs were seen in 55 joints,and the mean RI value was 0.53?0.08 in 45 joints,while the other 10 color flow signs represented reversed phase in diastolic phase on pulse doppler ultrasonography.In the volunteers,color flow signs were seen in 16 joints,and the mean RI value was 0.97?0.01 in 6 joints,while the other 10 color flow signs represented reversed phase in diastolic phase on pulse doppler ultrasonography. Conclusion The abnormal flow signs at the sacroiliac joints can be detected by color power doppler ultrasonography.Low RI values provide diagnosis evidence for active AS.

AIM:To investigate the characteristics of Ets-1 and VEGF expression and distribution in the experimental diabetic rat retina.METHODS:Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ).At 4 weeks after STZ-injection,animals were sacrificed.Total proteins were isolated from retinas of experimental and control eyes and were assessed by Western blot analysis.Frozen cross sections of eyeballs with 14um thickness were used to perform double immunoffuorescence staining with anti-Ets-1 and anti-VEGF antibodies.RESULTS:Both Ets-1 and VEGF expression were up-regulaled in the diabetic retina,the distribution of Ets-1 and VEGF was identical to each other,and the two proteins were almostlocalized in all retinal layers.CONCLUSION:Ets-1 might contribute to the pathologic progress of the diabetic retina induced by VEGF.