Objective To appraise the diagnosis value of pleural membrane biopsy on pleural effussion.Meth- ods 218 patients with pleural effusion who were had pleual menbrane biopsy were retrospectively analyzed.Among them 165 cases were done only once,42 cases were done twice,11 cases were done three times.They were done 271 times of biopsies.Results The pleural membrane biopsy always masculine gender rate was 72.0%,1 pleural mem- brane biopsy succeeds the masculine gender rate was 59.6%,after the masculine gender rate which 2 pleural mem- branes biopsies succeeds was 69.7%.The illness complication formation rate was 8.7%.Conclusion Pleural mem- brane biopsy is a simply,safe and higher diagnosing-rate method.The different spot pleural membrane biopsy may cnhance diagnosis rate.

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical effect of EaLeSu on cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN Ⅱ~Ⅲ)patients with HPV infection treated with loop electrosurgical excision procedure(LEEP). Methods 165 cases of CIN Ⅱ~Ⅲpatients with HPV infection who underwent LEEP operation were randomly divided into observation group(n=83)and control group(n=82). In the observation group,patients were given a piece of EaLeSu in cervical wound at once in postoperative and two vaginal EaLeSu per day from the first postoperative day for eight consecutive days. The patients in the control group were treated with routine debridement and wound dressing with iodine. We observed the vaginal drainage times within 4 weeks after operative,bleeding rate,cervical wound repair,and cervical HPV DNA infection after 6 months. Results There were significant differences in the bleeding rate,vaginal drainage time,cervical wound repair and HPV DNA infection between the two groups(P < 0.05). Conclusion EaLeSu showed a definite effect on cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN Ⅱ~Ⅲ)patients with HPV infection treated with LEEP.

Objective To study the relationship between histological activity index and serum of tumor nec-rosis factor-α( TNF-α) ,peripheral blood T cell subsets in patients with chronic hepatitis B.Methods Histopatholog-ical examinations were performed in 237 patients with chronic hepatitis B and 12 controls.The histological activity index( HAI) were analyzed by knodels method.These patients were divided into the four groups according to histologi-cal activity index classification:the control group(n=12),mild group(n=67),moderate group(n=89),and severe group(n=81).The serum levels of TNF-αwere determined by ELISA,and peripheral blood T cell subsets were ana-lyzed by flow cytometry.Results The serum level of TNF-αin the mild group[(29.65 ±10.15)μg/L],moderate group[(38.96 ±7.32)μg/L]and severe group[(47.73 ±6.99)μg/L]were higher than those in the control group [(13.78 ±6.40)μg/L](q=14.38,19.97,24.83,all P<0.05),significant positive correlation lied between the histological activity index classification and the serum level of TNF-α(r=0.708,P<0.05).The rate of CD8+cells in the moderate group[(27.66 ±6.63)μg/L]and the severe group[(28.98 ±5.92)μg/L]were higher than those in the control group[(22.32 ±1.84)μg/L](q=3.84,4.76,all P<0.05),and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+in the moderate group(1.32 ±0.37) and the severe group(1.19 ±0.30) were lower than those in the control group(1.67 ±0.14) (q=4.20,5.72,all P<0.05),but the rate of CD8+cells and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+showed no significance among the mild group,moderate group and severe group.Conclusion TNF-αand disorder of cellular immunity may play an important role in the development and progression of intrahepatic vascular lesion.

OBJECTIVETo screen the lentiviral vector carrying siRNA and capable of significantly suppressing the ROCK2 gene expression in the corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).

METHODSWe designed and synthesized 4 siRNA fragments targeting the ROCK2 gene and packaged them into lentiviral vectors. We collected corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cell samples from 5 male SHRs and randomly divided them into groups A (non-transfection control), B (GFP lentiviral transfection), C, D, E, and F (lentiviral transfection with siRNA fragments 1 -4 targeting the ROCK2 gene). Each group consisted of 5 samples and each sample 3 x 10(4) cells. At 48 hours after transfecting MOI = 80 into the SHR corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells, we detected the expression of GFP under the fluorescent microscope and the mRNA expression of the ROCK2 gene by RT-PCR.

RESULTSThe transfection efficiency of the SHR corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells was > 50%. Compared with group A, the expression of ROCK2 mRNA in the corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells showed no remarkable change in group B (P > 0.05) but was inhibited very significantly in C ([43.91 +/- 8.19]%), D ([47.15 +/- 6.64]%), and F ([25.7 +/- 6.03]%) (P < 0.01), and significantly in E ([16.81 +/- 5.94]%, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONWe successfully constructed 4 lentiviral vectors carrying siRNA targeting the ROCK2 gene, all of which can significantly suppress the ROCK2 expression in the SHR corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells, and one has a highly strong inhibitory effect.

Animals ; Gene Silencing ; Genetic Vectors ; Lentivirus ; genetics ; Male ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; Penis ; cytology ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred SHR ; Transfection ; methods ; rho-Associated Kinases ; genetics

China ; Humans ; Orphan Drug Production

Objective:To study the wound healing effects of the extracts of Shengji Huayu Fang with different solvents and demon-strate their important role in wound healing for deep second degree burn wound. Methods:Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly di-vidied into six groups(ten rats in each group): the control group (saline), the positive control group (asiaticoside group), Shengji Huayu Fang group respectively with petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol as the extraction solvent. The extracts of Shengji Huayu Fang with different solvents were applied in the rats with deep second degree burn wound, and the wound healing was e-valuated by the healing rate judged by naked eyes and computer image analysis, DNA cell cycle analysis using a flow cytometry, patho-logical reports and the degree of re-epithelialization studied by the other methods. Results:The mean healing time of the chloroform ex-tracts group [(15. 67 ± 1. 12)d] was much shorter than that of the control group [(22. 87 ± 1. 01)d, P<0. 01]. The hydroxyproline content and the percentage of S-phase cells in wound tissue in the chloroform extracts group was obviously higher than those in the con-trol group (P<0. 01). Conclusion:The present study indicates that topical application of chloroform extracts of Shengji Huayu Fang is beneficial to burn wound healing, and the chloroform extracts of Shengji Huayu Fang is the main bioactive fraction.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate therapeutic efficacy and safety of ubenimex combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of malignant tumor,and to provide evidence-based reference in clinic.METHODS:Retrieved from Central,PubMed,CJFD,VIP and Wanfang database,randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about ubenimex combined with chemotherapy (trial group) vs.single chemotherapy (control group) in the treatment of malignant tumor were collected.The quality of studies were evaluated by bias risk evaluation criteria of Cochrane system evaluator manual 5.1.0 after screening literatures and extracting data.Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.3 statistical software.RESULTS:A total of 12 RCTs were included,involving 762 patients.The resuits of Meta-analysis showed that:shorter-term response rate [RR=1.24,95 ％ CI (1.08,1.43),P=0.002] and the improvement rate of life quality Karnofsky score [RR=1.69,95％ CI(1.46,1.95),P＜0.001] in trial group were significantly higher than control group;the incidence of gastrointestinal toxicity [RR=0.74,95％CI(0.57,0.94),P=0.02] and leucocyte suppression rate[Ⅰ °-Ⅳ°(＜3 months):RR=0.54,95％CI(0.37,0.79),P=0.002;Ⅲ°-Ⅳ°:RR=0.44,95％CI(0.29,0.68),P＜0.001] were significantly lower than control group,with statistical significance.CONCLUSIONS:Ubenimex combined with chemotherapy can improve malignant tumor,shorter-term efficacy and life quality,and reduce gastrointestinal and marrow toxicity.

Objective:To explore the therapeutic regimen and key points in the pharmaceutical care for the elderly patients with a-cute exacerbation of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( AECOPD) . Methods: On the basis of clinical pharmacist work, one typical case was selected. Referring to the COPD treatment guidelines, the treatment rationality was analyzed. Meanwhile, an individu-alized pharmaceutical care plan was established and carried out in whole process of the treatment. Results:The pharmacotherapy was effective and rational. By providing the pharmaceutical care for the AECOPD patient, the related problems in the treatment were solved promptly, and the rational advice on the drug treatment was provided. Conclusion:It is very important to enhance integrated pharma-ceutical care in the elderly patients with AECOPD.

OBJECTIVETo summarize the pharmacological function of oleanolic acid.

METHODBased on the documents and related achievements, the pharmacological function and its mechanism including its clinical use were summed up.

RESULT AND CONCLUSIONOleanolic Acid is a natural chemical which has wide-ranging function and abundant source. But we should place the emphasis on improving its biotic utilization and effect on clinical treatment.

Adjuvants, Immunologic ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacology ; Antiviral Agents ; pharmacology ; Hepatitis, Viral, Human ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; pharmacology ; Oleanolic Acid ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Phytotherapy ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo investigate the changes between pressure of trochlea of talus surface and distribution of area after anterior lower tibiofibular ligament rupture, and provide basis for treating anterior lower tibiofibular ligament rupture.

METHODSSix fresh adult ankle joint specimens (4 males and 2 females, ranging age from 25 to 60 years, with an average of 44.6 years) were adopted. The specimens were removed from skin and muscles, remained ankle joint capsule, medial and lateral ligaments and anteroinferior tibiofibular ligament. The ankle joint was fixed with a special fixture in neutral position. Pressure sensitive film (700 N axial load ) was respectively used to measure mean pressure, peak pressure and stress distribution area of the upper articular facet of talar trochlea of the normal ankle joint and the ankle joint with anterioinferior tibiofibular ligament rupture.

RESULTSThe stress distribution areas of the control group and the ruptured group were respectively (367.8 +/- 54.0) mm2 and (386.0 +/- 53.7) mm2; the mean pressures were respectively (1.40 +/- 0.12) MPa and (1.70 +/- 0.35) MPa; the peak pressures were respectively (2.60 +/- 0.33) MPa and (3.20 +/- 0.32) MPa. The experimental results showed that the change in stress distribution area after anterioinferior tibiofibular ligament rupture was not significant (t = 0.021, P = -0.983). When stress distribution changed, the region of stress concentration transferred to poster lateral,and mean pressure (t = 4.140, P = 0.020) and peak pressure (t = 3.169, P = 0.010) increased significantly.

CONCLUSIONWhen anterior lower tibiofibular ligament rupture occurs, mean pressure,peak pressure and stress distribution of pressure of trochlea of talus surface is changed, which may cause traumatic arthritis, and surgical treatment is considerably used to restore normal anatomy.

Adult ; Ankle Injuries ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Female ; Fibula ; Humans ; Lateral Ligament, Ankle ; injuries ; Male ; Mechanical Phenomena ; Middle Aged ; Rupture ; Stress, Mechanical ; Tibia