Objective:To investigate the molecular mechanism underlying apoptosis of lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 induced by rapamycin, a type of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signal pathway inhibitor, combined with hypoxia treatment. Methods:Rapamycin was applied to treat A549 cell line under hypoxia for 16 h. Then the discrepancy of cell apoptosis between treated and untreated control was compared by Hochest 33258 staining. After being treated with rapamycin combined with hypoxia, the mRNA and protein expressions of survivin, a kind of anti-apoptotic molecule, were tested by real-time PCR and Western blotting. Western blotting was employed to test the difference of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α expression level before and after rapamycin was added. In additon, chromatin immunoprecipitation(ChIP) assay was further applied to explore the mechanism underlying the effects of rapamycin under hypoxia in inducing apoptosis of A549 cells. Results:Rapamycin induced apoptosis of A549 cell line under hypxia in vitro. In A549 cell line, the expressions of survivin at mRNA (P<0.01) and protein levels, were both decreased by rapamycin combined with hypoxia treatment. Besides, ChIP assay revealed that rapamycin inhibited the expression of survivin at the transcriptional level through decreasing the hypoxia-induced up-regulation of HIF-1α and its binding with the promoter of survivin gene. Conclusion:Rapamycin exerted anti-tumor effects by inhibiting the expression of HIF-1α and decreasing the binding of HIF-1α with the promoter of survivin gene, thereby down-regulating the increase in the expression of apoptosis inhibiting gene survivin.

Objective To investigate the clinical outcomes of alprostadil in prevention of portal vein thrombosis after splenectomy and devascularization.Methods 113 patients with PHT who were treated with prophylactic alprostadil after splenectomy and devascularization procedures from May 2009 to Apr 2013 were included into the treatment group.112 conservative patients with PHT who were treated with traditional prophylactic anticoagulants after the same operations before May 2009 were included as the control group.The postoperative complication rates,mortality,postoperative drainage volume from the abdominal cavity,blood platelet counts,prothrombin time,liver function,Child-Pugh's scores and portal vein thrombosis rates between the two groups were compared.Results When compared with the control group,the postoperative complication rate and mortality in the alprostadil group were not increased,while the postoperative drainage volume from the abdominal cavity was significantly reduced.The increase in blood platelet counts and prothrombin time were similar in the 2 groups.Furthermore,the extent of hepatic dysfunction on the 3rd and 7th after operation was significantly decreased.On short term follow-up,color droppler ultrasonography showed the portal vein thrombosis rate of the treatment group was significantly lower than the control group,with less extensive degree of thrombosis in the treatment group.Conclusion Alprostadil is a safe and effective anticoagulant which provided better prevention of portal vein thrombosis after splenectomy combined with devascularization.

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect and the mechanism of endostatin on human gastric carcinoma model in nude mice. Methods Athymic mice were injected by in vitro-cultured SGC-7901 human carcinoma cell strain to observe the inhibitory effect of endostatin. Real time fluorescent quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry stain were used to quantify the expression levels of Bcl-2 and Bax genes both on mRNA and protein levels. Results The average tumor volume in endostatin group was statistically smaller than control group (P<0.05). The inhibitory rate on the 7~(th), 10~(th), 13~(th), 16~(th) and 19th day was 26.2%, 47.7%, 38.9%, 45.8% and 51.7%, respectively. The results of real time fluorescent quantitative PCR demonstrated that mRNA expression of Bcl-2 in endostatin group was obviously lower than it in control group (P<0.05), however, the expression level of Bax had no statistical difference between these two groups (P>0.05). The results of immonohistochemistry were consistent with PCR. Conclusions Endostatin can inhibit the proliferation of SGC-7901 human gastric carcinoma in athymic mouse model, and the mechanism involves the suppression of Bcl-2 expression.

Extracranial-intracranial arterial bypass, an elegant procedure, was first performed and developed gradually by M. Gazi Yasargil. It has been used in the management of ischemic cerebrovascular disease, moyamoya disease, intracranial aneurysms and brain tumors.This article focuses on its application in the ischemic cerebrovascular disease, and reviews it from the aspects of cerebral hemodynamics of ischemic cerebrovascular disease, indications for arterial bypass, preoperative evaluation, operating modes, intraoperative assessment,complications, postoperative care and prognosis.

three years survival group,and those who died within 3 yrs had P-gp positive expression(24 cases,53.3%).Comparing of the two groups showed statistical significance(P3 year survival stage group,and the patients who died within three years group,the P27 expression was positive in 26 cases(56.5%)(P

Pancreatic sinistral portal hypertension is a localized kind of portal hypertension that usually occurs as a result of the splenic vein obstruction caused by pancreatic diseases.Furthermore,it is also an important cause of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage.Management in clinical practice should be directed at the sinistral portal hypertension and primary pancreatic diseases.

Objective To investigate the effect of RBP on 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation,lipid metabolism and glucose transporter 4(GLUT-4)gene expression.Methods We constructed an expression vector for rat resistin gene and transfected it into 3T3-L1 adipocytes.RBP was added to the medium of 3T3-L1 adipocytes or resistin-overexpressing adipocytes on day 0 of differentiation.Cell differentiation and lipid accumulation were determined by oil red O staining.The mRNA expressions of differentiation marker genes(pref-1,C/EBP?,FAS)and GLUT-4 gene were evaluated by RT-PCR.Triglyceride(TG)and free fatty acids(FFAs)in adipocytes were measured by colorimetric kit.Results(1)When 10-12mol/L RBP was applied,the percent of living cells was high and the shape was unchanged.(2)RBP had no effect on the differentiation of normal adipocytes,but significantly decreased the number of lipid droplets in resistin-overexpressing adipocytes without affecting the lipid droplets-presenting day.(3)C/EBP? and FAS expressions in resistin-overexpressing adipocytes were down-regulated after RBP was applied,without changing their expressions in normal adipocytes.(4)RBP had no effect on the cellular TG and FFAs levels in normal cells,whereas it can significantly decrease the levels in resistin-overexpressing adipocytes.(5)There was no difference in the expression of GLUT-4 gene between 3T3-L1 adipocytes and RBP-applied cells.Conclusions(1)RBP has no effect on the cell differentiation and lipid metabolism in normal 3T3-L1 adipocytes.(2)RBP can inhibit the cell differentiation and lipid metabolism of resistin-overexpressing 3T3-L1 cells.(3)RBP has no effect on the expression of GLUT-4 gene.

Objective To explore the optimal techniques in separation of phenols from Melastoma dodecandrum with macroporous resins.Methods Static and dynamic adsorption-desorption methods were adopted,and the concentration of phenols was measured by UV spectrophotometer to evaluate the separa-ting efficiency.Results The HPD 100 macroporous resin was found with the best separating efficiency,by which the content of phenols could reach more than 50 percent in the extraction.The optimum technique condition was 0.2 g/mL concentration of crude drug,pH value was 2.7—4.5,adsorption in 3 BV/h,delution by 5 BV,60% alcohol in 3 BV/h.Conclusion This method is simple and feasible with good efficiency of separation,which could also meet the industrial requirements.

To investigate the relationship of expression of sialyl Lewis X (SLeX) antigen,CD44v6 and E cadherin(ED) with staging,infiltration,node metastasis and prognosis in breast cancer, immunohistochemical method was used to detect their expression in 94 cases of breast cancer.The positive expression of SLeX,CD44v6 and the negative expression of ED were positively correlated with the grading, clinical staging, lymph node metastasis recurrence and prognosis of breast cancer.The results demonstrated that the expression of SLeX, CD44v6 and ED as a clinical valuable marker,has a great significance in assessing node metastasis and prognosis.

Objective The special features of discoid meniscus(DM) symptoms， the relationship between the symptoms and the signs of DM, the type and scale of DM injury as well as the prognosis were studied. Methods According to the analysis of 64 cases of DM diagnosed by arthroscopy, a comparitive analysis was made and the following topics were addressed: the distribution of the complete type of DM in patients of different age groups, the signs of locking and non-locking, with or without effusion, snapping and non-snapping, a comparison of the distribution of the snapping in different groups of injury types, a comparison of the distribution of the flexion contracture in different types of injury, a comparison of the distribution of the rates of the total and subtotal menisectomy in different groups divided according to the period of pain, the presence of effusion, the presence of locking, snapping, quadriceps atrophy and extension function. The data was analysed statistically. Results There is significant difference in the distribution of the complete type DM between 20 and over 20-years of age(P0.05). Conclusion The complete type of DM was mostly seen in cases below 20 years of age and was rarely seen in cases with the locking sign. Snapping sign was mostly seen in cases of complicated and extensive injuries and was one of the indications of arthroscopic surgery. Knee flexion contracture was mostly seen in cases of longitudinal and extensive injuries. The estimation of the results of arthroscopic surgery for DM is difficult on the bases of the clinical symptoms and signs.