Studying on typhoid fever in 16417 people of Binh Thanh Trung commune and 16324 ones of Vinh Thanh commune (control commune) after 2 years with the intervention. The results showed that drinking water sterilized by chloramin B increased by 295.58%, drinking boiling water increased by 10.06%; drinking rainny water increased by 464.30%; vegetable washing by safety water increased by 2886.61%, good sanitary latrine increased by 292.30%, close fish pond latrine increased by 46.91%, sinking latrine increased by 195.995%, fish pond latrine open to river reduced by 17.68%, latrine on the river reduced by 29.24%. Typhoid fever reduced by 92% in comparison to before interventrion. Real effect in comparison to control commune was 5.04%
Typhoid Fever ; Therapeutics ; Epidemiology

Morbidity and mortality of typhoid fever in Dong Thap province had reduced gradually in the last 10 years. The number of typhoid fever between 1999 and 2003 was equal to a third cases occurred between 1994 and 1998. There had been 29 of dead cases resulting from typhoid fever for ten years. The highest number of dead cases in 1995 was 6. The death to incidence ratio was 0.076%
epidemiology ; Typhoid Fever ; Fever

There were 89 patients, no death in an outbreak of cholera in Dong Thap province, which happened on January 1st 1999 and lasted for 2 months. The morbidity was 5,61/100.000 inhabitants with all ages; the disease occurred at districts, towns along the Cuu Long river. Local authorities had conducted measures for cholera prevention and control.
Cholera ; Disease Outbreaks

Background: Gougerot-Sj\xf6gren syndrome is an autoimmune disorder with two remarkable symptoms such as dry eyes and dry mouth. Objective: To study the symptoms of dry mouth of Gougerot-Sj\xf6gren syndrome after rheumatoid arthritis; To evaluate clinical and subclinical manifestations of dry mouth. Subjects and method: A prospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study included 160 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, who treated at Department of Rheumatology of Bach Mai hospital, from 1998 to 2003. The patients were divided into 2 groups: 60 patients with Gougerot-Sj\xf6gren syndrome and 100 patients without Gougerot-Sj\xf6gren syndrome. Results: The average age of patients with Gougerot-Sj\xf6gren syndrome was 54.55 \xb1 10.91 years. The mean time of having dry mouth was 8.65 \xb1 8.39 months. Clinical manifestations of dry mouth were sensation of dry mouth (90%), lost of saliva (80%), drink a lot of water while eating (58.3%), enlargement of parotid glands (15%). Degrees of dry mouth were mild and moderate (36.7%), severe (53.3%). 93.3% of patients decreased total salivary flow.82% of patients had 3 and 4 anatomopathologic stages according to Chilsom classification. Conclusion: Incidence of symptoms of dry mouth was higher significantly in the rheumatoid arthritis patients with Gougerot-Sj\xf6gren syndrome than those without Gougerot-Sj\xf6gren syndrome.
Arthritis ; Rheumatoid/ pathology ; diagnosis ; Sjogren's Syndrome/ pathology ; diagnosis ; Xerostomia/ pathology ; diagnosis

Background: Tophi is an important symptom of chronic gout. Objective: To assess clinical characteristics of topbi and its relationships with other manifestations of chronic gout. Subjects and method: A study was conducted in 65 patients diagnosed chronic gout based on Bennett and Wood criteria 1968, with tophi, treated at Department of Rheumatology, Bach Mai hospital, from December 2003 to June 2004. This was a retrospective, prospective, cross-sectional study. Results and conclusions: All patients were males and the average age was 57.8 \xb1 11.71 years. 72.3% of patients aged from 30 to 59 years. The average time of occurrence of tophi in chronic gout was 7.73 years. The mean number of tophi was 24.8 \xb1 9.4 (ranged from 1 to 70). Erosion of tophi occurred 25%. 92.9% of patients had distribution in inferiors limbs and 80.4% had superior limbs. There were relationships between number of tophi and renal lesions, distribution of tophi and number of painful joints.
Gout/ pathology ; therapy

PDP has been verified to enforce the body’s immune system by improving both cellular immune and humour immune. Statistical analysis of blood cell quantity of rabbit before, during and after taking PDP showed that erythrocyte, leukocyte and platelet were proliferated significantly, especially leucocyte and platelet. G-globulin in the serum of white mouse tested by the dose of 5mg/10g and 10mg/10g of body weight has been found to increase significantly, the rate of albumin/globulin reduced. The same result also has been observed in the white sewer rat and rabbit. The effect of PDP on the grease was investigated on Tam hoang chicken. It was found that there was a reduction of the rate of the grease over body weight when the chicken was taken PDP. Electrocardiogram of rabbit serum, which was recorded at 2mV and 50cs/min proved that PDP did not cause any harmful effect on heart. Besides, no physical disease occurred on heart action
Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Animal Experimentation ; Animals ; drugs

One method to determine the content of chitosan present in Pokysan cream has been developed. Chitosan was separated from Pokysan by dissolving the cream in acidic solution, extracted by chemical mixtures of I and II, which were prepared by laboratory of polymers in medico – pharmacy, and then collecting the precipitate of chitosan in the alkaline medium. This precipitate was then qualified by Lugol reagent and IR spectra. Collected chitosan precipitate was also qualified and quantified. These results proved that chitosan has been included in Pokysan cream and our method is confident
Chitosan ; Evaluation Studies ; Laboratories

According to the study on 507 children with PNS have been treated within the past 10 years (1990-1999), PNS is mainly seen at school age. Number of boys suffered from this is 2.5 times higher than that of girls. All of patients are suffered from oedema, mostly simple oedema (91.9%), and complex oedema (8.09%). Proteinuria is increased very highly serum protein and albumin levels is strongly decreased, serum cholesterol levels is increased very highly; serum urea and creatinine levels is within normal limit, serum natri, kali, calcium levels are decreased, serum chlorine levels is within normal limit. Blood formula: amount of leukocyte is increased, both neutrophile and lymphocyte. Hemoglobin is decreased; the speed of blood concentration is increased very highly. Treatment: most patients were responded to steroid. Ratio of complete remission is 77.93%, partial remission is 9.57% and 12.5% failed to respond.
Nephrotic Syndrome ; Proteinuria ; child

31 male and female air-traffic controllers (ATCs) were investigated during their work shift (24 hours continuously). The index of heart rate mathematical analysis, blood pressure, simple reaction time and CFF test during working shift were measured. Some questionnaires were given to subjects as well. The obtained results (systolic blood pressure, CFF,  and strain index, simple reaction time) showed changes in comparison with that before work. The rate of some subjective symptoms such as eye irritation, headache, dry and sore throat, whole body fatigue, pain in shoulders and low back, etc were rather high. Specific work conditions and working duration were the main reasons of work strain in ATCs.
Workload ; diseases

Five alkaloids, water extracted from Crinum latifolium L., Amaryllidaceae, growing in Vietnam -CE 21-211, CE 21-212, CE-21-213, CW 21-212 and CW 262 were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities, The cytotoxic effect has been tested in vitro on the tumour cell lines Hep-g2, FI and RD. The alkaloids from leaves of harvested in March and April, demonstrated a significant cytotoxic response in all tumour cell lines examined. Among the alkaloids fractious evaluated, the CW 262 showed a very strong cytotoxic activity on Hep-g2, FI and RD.
Liliaceae ; Alkaloids ; Medicine, Traditional ; Plants, Medicinal