The neonatal burst suppression is a severe EEG pattern and always demonstrates serious damage of nerve system. But the outcome of these patients depends on the different etiology. A total of 256 cases of video EEG recordings were analyzed in order to summarize the etiology and outcome of burst suppression. The results showed that some patients in all 17 cases of burst suppression showed EEG improvement. The etiology was the dominant factor in long term outcome. It was suggested that effective video EEG monitoring is helpful for etiologic study and prognosis evaluation.
Electroencephalography/*methods ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain/diagnosis ; Monitoring, Physiologic/methods ; Neonatology/methods ; Video Recording

Asphyxia Neonatorum ; therapy ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Newborn, Diseases ; Neonatology ; methods ; Resuscitation ; methods

DNA ; analysis ; Female ; Humans ; Neonatology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; methods ; alpha-Thalassemia ; diagnosis ; genetics

PURPOSE: Recently, the trend of multi-cultural families is rising in number due to increasing marriage-based immigrants in Korea. We evaluated statistic changes of characteristics in international marriage, births, and off-springs for the past 20 years in Korea. METHODS: The annual report of national population from Statistics Korea, the survey results about the present status of resident foreigners from Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare, Korea Ministry of Public Administration and Security, and editorials from Health and Welfare Forum and other related reports of Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs and Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare were used. RESULTS: There were 35,098 (10.8%) international marriages among total 326,104 marriages in 2010 in Korea. The regional distribution of the international marriage was the highest in Gyeonggi (18.5%), and the lowest in Jeju (1.1%). The metropolitan area Seoul (15.4%), Incheon (4.5%) and Gyeonggi (18.3%) comprised one third of the entire international marriage. The number of childbirths was 13,443 (2.9%) in 2008, 19,024 (4.3%) in 2009, and 20,312 (4.3%) in 2010 with increasing trend. The number of off-springs was 44,258 in 2007, 58,007 in 2008, 99,684 in 2009 and 105,502 in 2010. Children less than 18 years old was 93.1%. We expected 1.5 times of increase over the next coming 10 years in the number of multi-cultural international marriage and off-springs compared with 2011. CONCLUSION: When we evaluated the characteristics of multi-cultural marriages, childbirths, and off-springs, systemic nationwide care seemed to be necessary in the aspect of health problems such as perinatology, obstetrics, neonatology, and pediatrics. We expect our results to be utilized for the basic health data.
Birth Rate ; Child ; Emigrants and Immigrants ; Epidemiologic Methods ; Humans ; Korea ; Marriage ; Neonatology ; Obstetrics ; Parturition ; Pediatrics ; Perinatology

OBJECTIVETo find out optional resuscitation gas for asphyxiated newborn infants based on a systemic review of the published studies that compared the effects of resuscitation of asphyxiated newborn infants with room air or pure oxygen.

METHODSInclusion criteria were randomized or pseudo-randomized studies of asphyxiated newborn infants resuscitated with room air or pure oxygen. The studies published between Jan. 1966 and June. 2005 were searched in PubMed/EMBASE/the Cochrane library databases. All identified studies that fulfilled our inclusion criteria were included. We did a systemic review and a meta-analysis of studies that compared parameters of efficacy, such as mortality, incidence of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and the rate of resuscitation failure of newborn infants resuscitated with room air or pure oxygen.

RESULTSSix identified studies were included, in which 988 infants were resuscitated with room air and 952 infants with pure oxygen. The mortality of asphyxiated newborn infants within the first week was 8.7% versus 13.4% in room air and pure oxygen groups, respectively, OR = 0.64, 95% CI 0.44 - 0.94. In 5 of the 6 studies, the mortality of term asphyxiated newborn infants was 5.9% versus 9.8% in room air and pure oxygen groups, OR = 0.59, 95% CI 0.40 - 0.87. The result for premature asphyxiated newborn infants was similar. In 4 studies, the incidence of moderate to severe neonatal HIE was 17.5% versus 20.1% in room air and pure oxygen groups, respectively, OR = 0.91, 95% CI 0.68 - 1.21. In 3 studies, the rate of resuscitation failure was 26.9% versus 29.1% in room air and pure oxygen groups, respectively, OR = 0.92, 95% CI 0.70 - 1.19.

CONCLUSIONThe systemic review and the meta-analysis demonstrated that the mortality of asphyxiated newborn infants was significantly lower when resuscitated with room air, and no significant differences were found in the incidence of neonatal HIE and the rate of resuscitation failure. However, this conclusion should be used cautiously because of the limited number of studies.

Air ; Asphyxia Neonatorum ; mortality ; therapy ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Neonatology ; Oxygen ; therapeutic use ; Oxygen Inhalation Therapy ; Resuscitation ; methods ; Treatment Outcome

Real world study (RWS) has attracted more and more attention of neonatologists since it involves less clinical intervention and is closer to actual clinical conditions. Generally speaking, RWS means to select treatment measures based on the internal efficacy and safety verified by randomized controlled trials (RCTs), more representative samples, and patients' actual conditions and their guardians' will and conduct follow-up evaluation of short- and long-term outcomes, in order to further evaluate the external efficacy and safety of interventional measures. Most guidelines for clinical practice are based on RCTs and lack the support of real world data. Strengthening of neonatal RWS helps to make these guidelines more practical and thus promotes the development of neonatal medicine.
Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Neonatology ; Noninvasive Ventilation ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Pragmatic Clinical Trials as Topic ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; methods

OBJECTIVEIn China, with the development of public health and medical treatment, accident became the first cause of death of children aged form 1 to 14 years, and poisoning became one of the main causes. The present study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of hemoperfusion (HP) on poisoning, and the pharmacokinetics of the poison during and after HP. The study was also to observe the effect of HP on blood cell and blood biochemistry, blood flow and dosage of heparin during HP in children.

METHODSThirty-five children with acute poisoning (including 26 boys and 9 girls aged from 10 months to 13 years, mean 3.35 +/- 2.50 years) were treated with HP for one to three times. Among them 12 children were treated with HP for two times and 4 children for three times. Two ml blood samples of 6 children with Fluoroacetamide (FAM) poisoning and 10 children with Tetramine (TET) poisoning were collected. The concentration of poison was measured by gas chromatography (GC).

RESULTSThe poisoning symptoms of all cases were relieved or alleviated obviously. In the end, 27 (77%) cases recovered and 6 (17%) cases improved, while 2 (6%) cases died of multi-organ failure (MOF). Clinical symptom happened again 6 - 24 hours after HP in 1 case with FAM poisoning and 3 cases with TET whose clinical symptoms were relieved during HP. The PLT, RBC counts and Hb decreased significantly after HP compared with pre-HP (P < 0.05), while WBC, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), reatine kinase (CK), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (CRE), Creatine kinase isoenzymes (CK-MB), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB) and globulim (GLO) after HP did not significantly change (P > 0.05). The FAM concentration was significantly reduced (P < 0.030). The concentration of TET in the poisoned children also significantly decreased with the treatment (P = 0.001). The cleaning efficacy of HP was higher during the first hour than that during the second hour of HP. The concentration of poison rose again 2 - 6 hours after HP in 1 case with FAM poisoning and 3 cases with TET poisoning, but the level was lower compared with pre-HP level. The t(1/2) of FAM and TET with and without HP was (2.40 +/- 0.66) h, (15.60 +/- 8.22) h, (4.10 +/- 1.66) h and (67.01 +/- 48.42) h, respectively. The first dose of heparin was (0.54 +/- 0.15) mg/kg; then (0.20 +/- 0.06) mg/kg was added for every 30 minutes. The velocity of blood flow was (4.39 +/- 0.99) ml/min.

CONCLUSIONSThe t(1/2) of the poison was shortened, and the poison clearing was accelerated by HP. The HP is a safe and effective therapy in children. The concentration of poison in some patient may rise again 2 to 6 hours after HP temporarily. The charcoal HP cannot remove the poison that conjugated with plasma albumin and globulin. The charcoal HP can cause temporary reduction of platelet and erythrocyte. The dosage of heparin used in children was lower than that in adult.

Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Charcoal ; therapeutic use ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Creatinine ; blood ; Female ; Hemoperfusion ; methods ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Multiple Organ Failure ; blood ; therapy ; Neonatology ; Poisoning ; blood ; therapy