BACKGROUND: Previous studies have confirmed that rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) can differentiate into osteoblasts under osteogenic induction in vitro, stably express the specific phenotype of osteoblasts and have osteogenic ability. Calf cortical bone scaffold with partial cancellous bone has good biocompatibility and degradability, which can be used as a carrier material of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. OBJECTIVE: To combine rabbit BMSCs with calf bone composite according to the basic principles of bone tissue engineering and to observe the osteogenesis in the New Zealand white rabbits after implantation of BMSCs/calf bone composite into the ilium, thereby providing a direct evidence for preliminary clinical application of tissue-engineered bone products.METHODS: BMSCs/calf cortical bone scaffold with partial cancellous bone (tissue-engineered bone group), simple calf heterogeneous bone (heterogeneous bone group) or autologous iliac bone (autologous iliac bone group) was randomly implanted into the rabbit ilium. The changes of implant surface and tissue reactions around the implant were observed.X-ray examination was performed to observe osteogenic changes at 4, 8, 12, 24 weeks after implantation. Immunohistochemistry staining was used to observe the expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After heterogeneous bone implantation, the wound healed well, and there were no systemic or local inflammation and toxicity reactions in all groups. The X-ray results showed that at postoperative 24 weeks, the implant was basically fused with the host bone in the tissue-engineered bone group, but the fusion was unsatisfactory in the heterogeneous bone group. The process of ossifications from cartilages was observed in all groups by hematoxylin-eosin staining, and bone morphogenetic protein 2 was positive for immunohistochemical staining. Findings from in vivo experiments indicate that rabbit BMSCs seeded onto the calf cortical bone scaffold with partial cancellous bone could construct tissue-engineered bone by osteoinductation in vitro in the rabbits.

Objective To establish standardized traceable management procedure for implanted high-value consumables in operating room.Methods The management model combining information-based system operation process and quality control process was designed,and management results before and after implementation were compared.Results There were statistically significant differences in error rates of information recording,bar code sticking and charging of implantable high-value consumables after the implementation of the process management mode (P＜0.05).At the same time,there were statistically significant differences in improvement of traceability of high-value consumables,adverse event reporting and patient satisfaction(P＜0.05).Conclusion Establishment of management model in operating room for implanted high-value consumables can ensure medical safety and increase medical quality.It was proved to improve the level of hospital management.

Atropa belladonna is a medicinal plant and main commercial source of tropane alkaloids (TAs) including scopolamine and hyoscyamine, which are anticholine drugs widely used clinically. Based on the high throughput transcriptome sequencing results, the digital expression patterns of UniGenes representing 9 structural genes (ODC, ADC, AIH, CPA, SPDS, PMT, CYP80F1, H6H, TRII) involved in TAs biosynthesis were constructed, and simultaneously expression analysis of 4 released genes in NCBI (PMT, CYP80F1, H6H, TRII) for verification was performed using qPCR, as well as the TAs contents detection in 8 different tissues. Digital expression patterns results suggested that the 4 genes including ODC, ADC, AIH and CPA involved in the upstream pathway of TAs, and the 2 branch pathway genes including SPDS and TRII were found to be expressed in all the detected tissues with high expression level in secondary root. While the 3 TAs-pathway-specific genes including PMT, CYP80F1, H6H were only expressed in secondary roots and primary roots, mainly in secondary roots. The qPCR detection results of PMT, CYP80F1 and H6H were consistent with the digital expression patterns, but their expression levels in primary root were too low to be detected. The highest content of hyoscyamine was found in tender stems (3.364 mg x g(-1)), followed by tender leaves (1.526 mg x g(-1)), roots (1.598 mg x g(-1)), young fruits (1.271 mg x g(-1)) and fruit sepals (1.413 mg x g(-1)). The highest content of scopolamine was detected in fruit sepals (1.003 mg x g(-1)), then followed by tender stems (0.600 mg x g(-1)) and tender leaves (0.601 mg x g(-1)). Both old stems and old leaves had the lowest content of hyoscyamine and scopolamine. The gene expression profile and TAs accumulation indicated that TAs in Atropa belladonna were mainly biosynthesized in secondary root, and then transported and deposited in tender aerial parts. Screening Atropa belladonna secondary root transcriptome database will facilitate unveiling the unknown enzymatic reactions and the mechanisms of transcriptional control.
Alkaloids ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; metabolism ; Atropa belladonna ; genetics ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; genetics ; Hyoscyamine ; genetics ; metabolism ; Plants, Medicinal ; genetics ; metabolism ; Scopolamine Hydrobromide ; metabolism ; Tropanes ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo analyze the effects of high-frequency electromagnetic field (HF-EMF, 30 MHz, 0-1600 V/m) on the apoptosis and ultramicrostructure of the hippocamp and demonstrate the cytotoxicity of hippocamp.

METHODS120 Wistar female adult rats were randomly divided into ten groups based on body weight with different levels of 30 MHz electromagnetic field (0, 25, 100, 400, 1600 V/m) for eight hours daily. Five group rats were irradiated for three days. The other five group rats were irradiated for fifty-six days. Weekly the rats were continuously exposed five days. The apoptotic rate of the hippocamp was detected with TUNEL System. Meanwhile, the ultramicrostructure was observed with the transmission electron microscope.

RESULTS(1) There was no significant difference on the apoptotic rate and pathological change of the hippocamp cell between the exposure and the control groups through short term experiment (P > 0.05). (2) The apoptotic rate of the granulocyte on the DG campus of the hippocamp in the 400 V/m group and the 1600 V/m group (0.165% +/- 0.049%, 0.189% +/- 0.049% respectively) were increased significantly (P < 0.01) through inferior chronic experiment compared with the control group (0.052% +/- 0.016%). Along with the increase of radiation dose, the ultramicrostructure of the neuron cell appeared more abnormal cells. Especially there were marked change on the neuron in the 1600 V/m group.

CONCLUSIONSThere is no association between cell apoptotic rate of the hippocamp and short period exposure to HF-EMF (30 MHz, 25-1600 V/m). However inferior chronic exposures to HF-EMF might induce the cytotoxicity, especially in the high dose exposure (1600 V/m) under our experiment.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; radiation effects ; Electromagnetic Fields ; Endocytosis ; radiation effects ; Female ; Hippocampus ; cytology ; pathology ; radiation effects ; Neurons ; pathology ; radiation effects ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

OBJECTIVETo investigate the therapeutic effect of glandular flap combined with dermal flap suspension for correction of mild and moderate breast ptosis.

METHODSThe dermal flap was formed according to the breast ptosis and dissection was performed between the skin and gland. The superior-lateral gland was partially resected or cut vertically only to form the lateral glandular flap. Then the glandular flap was rotated medially and fixed to shrink the glandular base area. Then the breast was up-positioned and fixed with dermal flap to remodel the breast shape.

RESULTSFrom Mar. 2006 to Mar. 2010, 46 cases were treated with satisfactory result. There was no severe complication, except for 2 cases of unilateral hematoma. 40 cases were followed up for 6 months to 4 years with good breast shape. No secondary ptosis, breast flatten and NAC sensation disorder was happened.

CONCLUSIONSGlandular flap combined with dermal flap suspension is a good method for mild and moderate breast ptosis with reliable long-term results. The breasts have busty appearance and good projection with inconspicuous scar.

Adult ; Breast ; surgery ; Breast Diseases ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Mammaplasty ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Surgical Flaps

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the transhiatus esophagectomy for patients with esophageal cancer.

METHODSClinicopathological data of 46 patients with esophageal cancer undergone transhiatus esophagectomy by single surgeon team from May 2000 to July 2007 were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSThese 46 patients included 44 esophageal squamous cell carcinomas,1 esophageal adenocarcinoma and 1 esophageal carcinoid. The lesions of 11 patients located at neck segment, 21 at upper segment, 5 at middle segment, and 9 at lower segment. All the patients were classified according to UICC TNM stage classification: 3 cases as stage 0, 6 cases as stage I, 17 cases as stage II a, 2 cases as stage II b, 16 cases as stage III. Six patients received preoperative chemotherapy and pathological complete response was seen in 2 cases. Reconstruction with stomach was performed in 42 cases and with colon interposition in 4 cases.All the tumors were resected, and there was no perioperative death. All the resected margins were pathologically clear. Postoperative complications occurred in 12 cases and were successfully treated, including 2 cases of hoarseness, 3 cases of cardiac arrhythmia,1 case of bilateral pleural effusion, and 6 cases of small anastomotic leakage at neck.

CONCLUSIONTranshiatus esophagectomy is an ideal choice in surgical treatment for patients with esophageal cancer, especially for the ones of aged, poor cardiac or pulmonary function, who can not afford the thoracotomy.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; surgery ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Esophagectomy ; methods ; Esophagus ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies

Metformin is currently the first-line drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, and it is the most widely used oral hypoglycemic drug in the world. In addition to its significant hypoglycemic effect, metformin also has potential therapeutic effects on diseases such as tumors, obesity, thyroid diseases, polycystic ovarian diseases and cardiovascular diseases. However, the specific mechanism of action of metformin is still unclear. A large number of studies have shown that the regulation of energy metabolism by metformin is not only the core of its mechanism of action in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, but also an important mechanism for its therapeutic effects in diseases such as tumors and cardiovascular diseases. In this paper, the clinical application and related drug mechanisms of metformin in the treatment of non-diabetic diseases were summarized, so as to provide reference for the majority of medical workers, and look forward to a more in-depth exploration of its drug mechanism and clinical application in the future.

OBJECTIVETo explore the management strategies and outcome of treatment for multi-focal esophageal carcinoma.

METHODSTwenty two patients with multi-focal esophageal carcinoma who underwent esophagectomy by a single surgeon team from March 2000 to March 2011 at the Beijing Cancer Hospital were reviewed retrospectively. The clinical and pathological characters were analyzed, and the outcome was compared with that of 471 patients with single esophageal carcinoma who received esophagectomy by the same surgeon team during the same period.

RESULTSEighteen out of 22 patients with multi-focal esophageal cancer underwent esophagectomy via transthoracic approach while 4 patients via transhiatal. Eight patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and 15 patients received adjuvant chemotherapy. Four hundred and seventy-one out of 471 patients with single esophageal cancer underwent esophagectomy via transthoracic approach while 60 patients via transhiatal. One hundred and fourty-eight patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and 267 patients received adjuvant chemotherapy. The 3-year survival of the 22 patients with multi-focal esophageal carcinoma was 41.9%, and the median survival time was 29.2 months. The 3-year survival of the 471 patients with single esophageal carcinoma was 54.7%, and the median survival time was 46.8 months. There was no significant difference in survival between the two groups(P=0.051).

CONCLUSIONSThe prognosis of patients with multi-focal occurrence esophageal carcinoma was poor. Extended esophageal resection may be beneficial to these patients with concurrent systemic chemotherapy.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; surgery ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary ; surgery ; therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of dopamine and norepinephrine on the renal function in the patients with septic shock.

METHODSEighty-seven patients with septic shock were divided into three groups (group A, B, C) according to the biggest infusing rate of norepinephrine, with the infusing rate of 0.5 - 0.9, 1.0 - 1.5, 1.6 - 2.0 microg x kg(-1) x min(-1), respectively. Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), urine output, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (CRE), urine albumin (U-ALB) and urine beta(2)-microglobulin (Ubeta(2)-MG) as well as APACHE III score in all the patients were detected.

RESULTSBefore anti-shock therapy was given, hypotension, tachycardia and oliguria occurred in all the 87 patients, and CRE, BUN, U-ALB, Ubeta(2)-MG and APACHE III score were abnormal in most cases. With the anti-shock therapy, MAP, HR, urine output and BUN, CRE in all patients returned to normal levels gradually, and U-ALB, Ubeta(2)-MG levels and APACHE III score also restored but still remained abnormal.

CONCLUSIONSThe first aim of treating septic shock should be restoring the organ blood supply, and based on volume resuscitation, dopamine, noradrenaline and other vasoactive drugs could be combined to maintain circulatory stability.

APACHE ; Adult ; Aged ; Blood Transfusion ; Cardiotonic Agents ; administration & dosage ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Dopamine ; administration & dosage ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Norepinephrine ; administration & dosage ; Retrospective Studies ; Shock, Septic ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Vasoconstrictor Agents ; administration & dosage

BACKGROUNDVasoactive drugs are often necessary for reversing hypotension in patients with severe infection. The standard for evaluating effects of vasoactive drugs should not only be based on the increase of arterial blood pressure, but also on the blood flow perfusion of internal organs. The effects of dopamine and metaraminol on the renal function of the patients with septic shock were investigated retrospectively in this study.

METHODSNinety-eight patients with septic shock were divided into three groups according to the highest infusing rate of metaraminol, with the lightest infusing rate of (0.1 - 0.5, 0.6 - 1.0, > 1.0) microgxkg(-1)xmin(-1) in group A, B and C respectively. Urine output, mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), urine output, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (CRE), urine albumin (U-ALB), urine beta(2)-microglubulin (Ubeta(2)-MG) and Apache III scores were recorded.

RESULTSBefore antishock therapy, hypotension, tachycardia and oliguria occurred to all the 98 patients with septic shock and CRE, BUN, U-ALB, Ubeta(2)-MG and Apache III scoring were abnormal in most cases. With the antishock therapy, MAP, HR, urine output, BUN and CRE in all patients returned gradually to normal (P < 0.05 or < 0.01 compared to those before antishock therapy). U-ALB, Ubeta(2)-MG output and Apache III scoring also reverted but remained abnormal (P < 0.01 compared to those before antishock therapy). No statistically significant differences in the changes of these indices with the time existed among the three groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONDopamine and metaraminol when applied to the patients with septic shock could effectively maintain the circulatory stability and promote restoration of renal function.

APACHE ; Adult ; Blood Pressure ; drug effects ; Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Dopamine ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Heart Rate ; drug effects ; Humans ; Kidney ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Kidney Function Tests ; Male ; Metaraminol ; therapeutic use ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Shock, Septic ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Vasoconstrictor Agents ; therapeutic use ; beta 2-Microglobulin ; urine