No abstract available.
Narcolepsy*

No abstract available.
Narcolepsy*

Objective Narcolepsy type 1 （NT1） is known to be associated with low levels of hypocretin-1 （Hcrt-1） in cerebrospinal fluid （CSF）. The standard method for Hcrt-1 measurement is radioimmunoassay （RIA） with imported reagents， but this antibody-dependent method is limited to radiation safety-certified lab， gradual radioactivity degradation， and slow turn-around time. The purpose of this study is to explore a non-radioactive， faster， and antibody independent domestic method in China for Hcrt-1 detection. Methods Repeated testing of cerebrospinal fluid from 14 clinically diagnosed NT1 patients and 10 non-narcolepsy patients was performed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry （LC-MS/MS）technology，including the establishment and optimization of fundamental methodological procedures. The main steps involved the addition of non-radioactive isotope-labeled internal standards to the cerebrospinal fluid， followed by solid-phase extraction， mass spectrometry signal acquisition， and quantitative analysis. The results were then compared with the corresponding radioimmunoassay（RIA） findings. Results The LC-MS/MS method showed faster speed， and good linearity across a wider range of synthesized standard（5~2 500 pg/ml）， and good repeatability. Although this absolute-quantitation-based LC-MS/MS method and RIA method have different reading values in Hcrt-1 quantitation， they both can segregate NT1 group from non-NT1 group well. Conclusion Although larger cohorts are needed to set up a standard method in China，LC-MS/MS method is proved to be an easier， safer， faster， and possibly more accurate method for Hcrt-1 quantitation and detection for NT1 diagnosis.
Narcolepsy ; Radioimmunoassay

Narcolepsy（NP） is a rare central sleep disorder， and it is categorized into narcolepsy type1 （NT1） and narcolepsy type2（NT2）.The main clinical symptoms of NP include daytime lethargy， cataplexy induced by emotions， and sleep paralysis， with a peak onset during adolescence （with an age of 8‒12 years）. At present， the pathogenesis of NP remains unclear and is associated with various factors such as human leucocyte antigen （HLA）， infection， and epigenetic silencing， and the selective loss of hypocretin neurons in the hypothalamus is the key pathophysiological mechanism of NP. Pharmacological intervention is currently the main treatment method， and diagnostic delay can be as long as more than 10 years， which not only affects the social activities， academic performance， and work of patients， but also leads to mental health issues such as anxiety and depression. This article reviews the latest research findings in the epidemiology， pathogenesis， and treatment of NT1 and clarifies the deficiencies and controversies in current research， so as to provide new ideas and directions for subsequent studies.
Narcolepsy ; Cataplexy

OBJECTIVES: To compare the biogenetic temperament and character patterns of subjects with narcolepsy and those of healthy control subjects. METHODS: Twenty-two subjects with narcolepsy, diagnosed with the International Classification of Sleep Disorder (ICSD) criteria, and 22 healthy control subjects were recruited. The Korean version of the Temperament and Character Inventory was administered to all subjects. RESULTS: Compared to healthy control subjects, subjects with narcolepsy showed significantly higher Novelty-Seeking (ANCOVA, F=5.42, p=0.025), lower Persistence (F=8.41, p=0.006) and lower Self-Directedness scores (F=4.70, p=0.036). CONCLUSION: Narcoleptic patients have a distinct pattern of biogenetic temperament and character. Our findings suggest that narcoleptic patients are exploratory in response to novelty but give up easily. In addition, our findings show that narcoleptic patients consider themselves ineffective, purposeless, and fragile.
Classification ; Humans ; Narcolepsy* ; Temperament*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Narcolepsy ; Quality of Life

Objective The efficacy and safety of pitolisant in the treatment of adult narcolepsy have been confirmed in clinical trials abroad， but there is a lack of data on the application of pitolisant in Chinese patients. The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy and safety of pitolisant in the treatment of adult narcolepsy in China.Methods A total of 30 subjects were enrolled in this study and were given individualized titration once a day for 8 weeks. Epworth Somnolence Scale （EES） and daily cataplexy rate （DCR） were used as the primary outcome measures，and Clinical Global Impression-Severity scale（CGI-S） and Clinical Global Impression of Change Scale （CGI-C） were used as the secondary outcome measures；safety indicators included adverse event （AE） records and laboratory examination.Results The results showed that there were significant improvements in ESS score and number of cataplexy attacks after medication. At the end of treatment，ESS score was reduced by（7.63±4.79）（P<0.001）. For all subjects， the average daily number of cataplexy attacks was 0.83 at baseline，which was reduced significantly to （0.39±0.82）after 3 weeks of pitolisant treatment and（0.38±0.79）after 5 weeks of pitolisant treatment（P<0.05）. After the treatment ended， the median CGI-S score of excessive daytime sleepiness （EDS） improved from "severe" at baseline to "mild"（P<0.001）， and the CGI-S score of cataplexy improved from "mild" at baseline to "basically normal"（P<0.001）. Most AEs were mild and did not receive any drug treatment， and there were no significant changes in other laboratory markers used to monitor the general condition of the subjects before and after treatment. Conclusion Pitolisant has good efficacy and safety in the treatment of EDS and cataplexy in Chinese adults with narcolepsy.
Narcolepsy ; Histamine ; Cataplexy

No abstract available.
Cesarean Section* ; Emergencies* ; Female ; Humans ; Narcolepsy* ; Pregnancy

No abstract available.
Cesarean Section* ; Emergencies* ; Female ; Humans ; Narcolepsy* ; Pregnancy

A 20-years-old man was referred to our hospital in September 2003. He complained of fatigue and headache at the time of getting up, daytime sleepiness, sudden sleep attacks and dozing off at the wheel. He became aware of insomnia at night and severe sleepiness in the daytime at the age of 13. Since he was 17 years old, he had been seized with an uncontrollable desire for sleep. The total night's sleep has often been reduced to two hours at the longest, interrupted by arousal 10 times (maximal) since he got a job. His Epworth Sleepiness Scale was 13 points. In polysomnography, the first REM period occurred immediately after onset of sleep, and the apnea-hypopnea index was 1.0 per hour. In multiple sleep latency tests, his sleep latency and REM latency were less than 2 minutes. The sleep onset REM period was found in all sessions of MSLT. HLA-DR2 and HLA-DQ1 were positive. His case was diagnosed as narcolepsy, and methylphenidate was taken in the morning and at noon, and naps were taken in the morning and in the afternoon, and the sleep diary was started. The times of daytime's naps and sleep attacks decreased, and his condition was improved.
Sleep ; rapid eye movement ; Narcolepsy ; seconds ; night