In recent years,endoscopic technique has become a basic procedure for the diagnosis and treatment of biliary and pancreatic diseases,thus the procedure-related complications of ERCP and endoscopic sphincterotomy(EST) become prominent day by day. Post-EST bleeding is one of the most serious complications of the procedure,and its first line treatment involves a variety of endoscopic techniques,such as epinephrine or fibrin glue local injection,electric coagulation and heat probe,clamps and covered metal stents. If these are not successful,transcatheter arterial embolization or surgical operation should be considered. In this article,the above-mentioned treatment modalities of post-EST bleeding were reviewed.

Objective To screen a thermostable urate oxidase-producing strain, optimize the fermentation conditions and study the enzymatic properties.Methods A urate oxidase-producing strain was screened from high temperature starter based on transparent circle method.Its 16S rDNA sequence was then amplified and analyzed.Meanwhile, the phylogenetic trees were built.Optimization of the fermentation conditions from this strain was carried out.The enzymatic properties of urate oxidase were studied.Results A urate oxidase-producing strain, named Bacillus subtilis ZX-6 by molecular identification, was obtained.The production of urate oxidase under the optimized conditons (135.9 U/L) was 133.7%higher than before.The optimum reaction temperature and pH were 45℃ and 7.6 respectively.The residual activity of urate oxidase at 37℃ for 48 h was still 17.2%.Conclusion The successful screening of a thermostable urate oxidase-producing strain and optimization of the fermentation conditions will lay a foundation for the further research.

Humans ; Child ; Adenoids/surgery* ; Palatine Tonsil/surgery* ; Adenoidectomy ; Hypertrophy/surgery* ; Tonsillectomy

BACKGROUND: Both cyclodextrin high polymer and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) have been widely applied as biomedical materials owing to their characteristics including no toxicity and good biocompatibility and mechanical property and have become important functional materials of biological drug manufacture and medication research.OBJECTIVE: To observe the drug controlled release property of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) loaded onto PVA by the covalent bond and to investigate the possible mechanisms of action. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: An observational experiment was performed at the Laboratories of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, and College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Xiangyang Normal University in 2008. MATERIALS: PVA (Tianda Experimental and Chemical Plant, Tianjin, China), β-CD (Sanpu Chemical Engineering Co.,Ltd., Shanghai, China) and camptothecin (Modern Times Chemical Institute, Xi'an, China) were used in this study. METHODS: Mono-6-O-tosyl-β-CD and mono-6-formyl-β-CD were synthesized separately. Silylatedβ-CD was loaded onto polymer chain of PVA by acetalization to produce PVA containingβ-CD (PVA-β-CD) linear high polymer. The clathration between PVA-β-CD and camptothecin was observed. Drug-release content of PVA-β-CD membranes under different pH values was determined through the use of ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Synthesis condition and drug release rate of PVA-β-CD. RESULTS: The best condition for synthesis of PVA-β-CD linear high polymer comprised reaction time 2 hours, temperature 70 ℃, and the mass ratio of mono-6-formyl-β-cyclodextrin to PVA not higher than 4:1. Experimental results regarding drug release revealed that PVA-β-CD promoted water-insoluble drug release owing to its clathration and solubilization. Withβ-CD content increasing, camptothecin release amount and release velocity had no significant change in pH 11 medium but increased greatly in pH 2 medium. CONCLUSION: As for compact PVA membrane, addition ofβ-CD possibly leads to pore formation, thus promoting water molecule infiltration and drug diffusion, beneficial to drug release, and simultaneously, the solubilization of β-CD plays an important role in promoting the release of insoluble drug.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect and feasibility of coblation treatment for laryngopharynx hemangioma. METHOD: Retrospectively analyzed 24 cases with coblation treatment for laryngopharynx hemangioma in recent years. RESULT: Twenty-four patients were treated with coblation, follow-ups range 6 months to 24 months after surgry. Recurrence occurred in 2 months after surgry in one patient who was cured with coblation for second time. There was incomplete vocal cord paralysis in another patient because of wide range angeioma. CONCLUSION Coblation treatment for laryngopharynx hemangioma was an ideal way to less bleeding, less damage and more clearfield of vision.
Catheter Ablation ; Hemangioma ; surgery ; Humans ; Hypopharynx ; pathology ; surgery ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Pharyngeal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Vocal Cord Paralysis

Objective : To examine the association between intrinsic capacity and falls in older adults, so as to provide insights into the risk assessment of falls. Methods: Older adults aged 60 years and above were selected from two districts and one county in Bengbu City, Anhui Province from September 2022 to June 2023 using convenience sampling method. Demographic information, health-related behaviors and incidence of falls among participants were collected through questionnaire surveys. The intrinsic capacity included five dimensions: sensory, motor, vitality, cognition and psychology, which were investigated by the sensory dimension screening scale recommended by the World Health Organization, the Simple Physical Functioning Battery (SPPB), the Micro Nutritional Assessment Scale (MNAS-SF), the Brief Intelligent Mental State Examination Scale (MMSE), and the Center for Evaluation of Streamlined Depression Levels 10-entry scale (CESD-10), respectively. A total score of 1 or more indicated a decrease in intrinsic capacity. The association between intrinsic capacity and falls in older adults was analyzed by a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: A total of 1 950 questionnaires were allocated, and 1 917 were valid, with an effective rate of 98.30%. There were 934 men (48.72%) and 983 women (51.28%), with a mean age of (68.15±3.42) years. There were 1 352 rural residents (70.53%) and 1 431 illiterate and primary school-educated residents (74.65%). In the past year, 347 residents fell, accounting for 18.10%. The median comprehensive score for intrinsic capacity was 1.00 (interquartile range, 2.00) points, and 1 320 had a decrease in intrinsic capacity, accounting for 68.86%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that decline in intrinsic ability was associated with the risk of falls after adjustment for age, gender, educational level, marital status, alcohol consumption and self-rated health status (OR=1.531, 95%CI: 1.408-1.721). Conclusion Decreased intrinsic capacity in older adults may contribute to an increased risk of falls.

Objective To investigate the value of brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) in early diagnosis of severe hand,foot and mouth disease (HFMD) with the nervous system damage.Methods BAEP was performed in 297 cases with HFMD.The patients were divided into 4 groups by the HFMD clinical classification and their ages.Group A included the general cases who were younger than three years (n =80).Group B included the severe cases who were younger than three years(n =94).Group C included the general cases who were three years or older(n =38).Group D included the severe cases who were three years or older(n =85).The electroencephalogram (EEG) and MRI results of patients in the groups were retrospectively studied and the results were compared with that of BAEP.Results (1) The BAEP abnormal rate of group B (18/94,19.15％)was higher than that of group A (3/80,3.75％),and the BAEP abnormal rate of group D (13/85,15.29％) was higher than that of group C (1/38,2.63％) (P ＜ 0.05).(2) The EEG abnormal rate in group B was low(2/94,2.13％) and there was no case with abnormal EEG in group A.(3) The EEG abnormal rate of group D (49/85,57.65％) was higher than that of group C (6/38,15.79％) (P ＜0.05),and higher than the BAEP abnormal rate of group D.(4) The MRI abnormal rate of group B (9/94,9.57％) was higher than that of group A (1/80,1.25％) (P ＜ 0.05),and the MRI abnormal rate of group D (9/85,10.59％)was higher than that of group C (0).(5) The BAEP abnormal rate of the children with severe HFMD (31/179,17.32％) was higher than the MRI abnormal rate (18/179,10.06％) (P ＜0.05).Conclusion BAEP has clinical significance for early diagnosis of severe HFMD with nervous system damage,and can provide objective basis for the diagnosis.

Objective To observe the correlation between vitamin D and liver cirrhosis classification in hepatic diabetes.Methods Thirty-eight patients with hepatic diabetes,48 patients with type 2 diabetes and 30 cases of healthy controls were collected.The level of serum 25-(OH)D3 was determined,and the Child-Pugh score was calculated.The correlation between pathogenesis and pathogenetic condition of hepatic diabetes was analyzed.Results The levels of serum 25-(OH)D3 in hepatic diabetes patients,type 2 diabetes patients and healthy controls were (38.23 ± 12.47),(63.33 ± 13.58) and (86.14 ± 16.25) μ mol/L,and there was statistical difference (P ＜ 0.05).There was negative correlation in hepatic diabetes between serum 25-(OH)D3 level and liver cirrhosis Child-Pugh score (r =-0.363,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Low level of vitamin D may be one of the pathogenesis of hepatic diabetes.

BACKGROUND:Occlusal scheme is the key of a successful complete denture, and how to choose a suitable occlusal scheme is a long-term problem for prosthodontists.
OBJECTIVE:To systematical y review the clinical effects of two occlusal schemes for complete denture.
METHODS:An electronic search of Cochrane Library, Medline/PubMed, EMBASE, CNKI, Wanfang and CBM databases were performed for clinical trials published before October 2013 using the key words of“complete denture”,“edentulous”,“occlusion”,”balanced”,“lingualized”,“anatomic”in Chinese and English. A manual searching of 11 relevant journals concerning oral medicine and reference lists of selected articles were conducted. Two reviewers independently extracted the data and assessed the quality of the included literature. Total y, 628 papers were retrieved.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Only five articles met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Of these five articles, one study showed lingualized occlusion dentures were more satisfactory than bilateral balanced occlusion dentures in denture retention (P<0.05);one study showed the lingualized occlusion exhibited lower scores for uncomfortable eating and avoiding particular foods (P<0.05), but higher scores for uncomfortable dentures than the bilateral balanced occlusion (P<0.05);one study showed the lingualized occlusion dentures have better masticatory efficiency and better protective role in alveolar bone than the bilateral balanced occlusion dentures (P<0.05);another two studies showed no significant differences in the overal satisfaction between lingualized occlusion and bilateral balanced occlusion dentures. These findings indicate that the lingualized occlusion is similar to bilateral balanced occlusion in the satisfaction of patients, masticatory efficiency, appearance and speech, but the lingualized occlusion dentures are better for severe alveolar bone resorption patients in terms of masticatory efficiency and better protection of alveolar bone.

Esophagus ; pathology ; Foreign Bodies ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies