OBJECTIVE:To establish the quality standard for Gardenia jasminoides. METHODS:The moisture,total ash and extract were determined. HPLC was used for contents determination of geniposide,rutin,crocinⅠand crocinⅡ:the column was Waters Xbridge-C18 with mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.2% phosphoric acid(gradient elution,gardenia and rutin),methanol-water (45∶55,V/V,crocinⅠ,crocinⅡ)at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min;detection wavelength was 256 nm for gardenia and rutin,440 nm for crocinⅠ,crocinⅡ;column temperature was 30℃;injection volume was 10μl for gardenia and rutin,5μl for crocinⅠ,cro-cinⅡ. RESULTS:The moisture total ash and ethanol-soluble extract of G. jasminoides were 5.8%-8.4%,3.7%-5.9% and 29.5%-37.9%,respectively. The linear range was 162.08-1 620.84 μg/ml for geniposide(r=0.999 9),2.07-20.72 μg/ml for rutin (r=0.999 9),8.04-80.41 μg/ml for crocinⅠ(r=0.999 9)and 1.05-10.53 μg/ml for crocinⅡ(r=0.999 9);RSDs of precision,sta-bility and reproducibility test were lower than 2%;recoveries were 99.33%-101.43%(RSD=1.09%,n=6),97.97%-101.83%(RSD=1.39%,n=6),97.97%-101.30%(RSD=1.36%,n=6) and 98.65%-103.04%(RSD=1.84%,n=6). CONCLUSIONS:The established standard can be used for the quality control of G. jasminoides commercially available.

BACKGROUND: Nerve tissue-engineered scaffolds must have axial y aligned structures, that can promote oriented growth of new axons, to guarantee the effective repair and regeneration of damaged nerves. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of heparin sulfate/col agen nerve tissue-engineered scaffolds on peripheral nerve injury repair. METHODS: Heparin sulfate/col agen nerve tissue-engineered scaffolds were prepared, and its internal structure and porosity was observed and measured. Then rat Schwann cel s were seeded on the scaffolds to observe cel adhesion. Afterwards, 32 rats undergoing removal of left sciatic nerve were randomly divided into two groups (n=16 per group), and the rats were implanted by heparin sulfate/col agen nerve tissue-ergineered scaffolds as experimentd group, and the rats were implanted by autdogous sciatic nerve as control group. At 16 weeks after implantation, diameter, thickness of myelin sheath as wel as density of myelinated nerve fiber, the percentage of neural tissue and electrophysiology was detected, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The tissue-engineered scaffolds whose porosity was 91% were composed of microtubules arranging paral el y along the axial direction, and the microtubule diameter was 180 μm; the scaffolds had good biocompatibility with the Schwann cel s. In addition, at 16 weeks after implantation, no significant differences were found in myelin sheath thickness, myelinated nerve fiber density, as wel as conduction velocity and latency of motor and sensory nerves between two groups;compared with the control group, diameter of myelinated nerve fiber, percentage of neural tissue and amplitude of motor and sensory nerves in the experimental group were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). To conclude, the heparin sulfate/col agen nerve tissue-engineered scaffold can effectively repair peripheral nerve injury, but its effect is weaker than that of autologous nerve repair.

Laboratory animal science has become a main support for the development of life science and has occupied an importance place in higher medical education.The paper analyzed the characteristics and problems of laboratory animal science and proposed the ideas of applying conformational memory teaching in laboratory animal science teaching from there aspects:teaching method,teaching frame and teaching effect.These measures established the foundation for the cultivation of applied talents with comprehensive competence.

This paper introduces the current status and development trend of the field medical equipment from such aspects as individual soldier,series of medical cases for fighting position,and mobile equipment for medical instrument and apparatus. The analysis shows that although the individual equipment is not advanced,and even backward,the integral efficiency is relatively high.

Objective To investigate the teaching effectiveness of preventive medicine and ask the students for feedback on the curriculum in order to reform the teaching methods.Methods Questionnaire survey.Sampling survey.Results 89.2％ of students have realized the importance of preventive medicine.Respectively 16.4％ and 7.5％ of students have no interesting on the curriculum due to teachers'matter and students' idea that the course is uselessness for their major and future career.75.1％ of students are interest in Nutrition and Food Hygiene,35.2％ of students dislike Medical Statistics,and 45.3％ of students think the most tough part is Medical Statistics.78.9％ of students wish to have more practice lessons.30.5％ of students do not ask teachers questions because of no communication with teachers after class.Conclusions Preventive Medicine is still ignored by a few students.The more tough the content is,the less interest the students have. Repeatedly emphasizing the importance of Preventive Medicine in medical education,adopting and combining with the community practical cases in class lectures and frequently communicating between teachers and students after class are suggested.

Aromatase Inhibitors ; adverse effects ; Arthralgia ; chemically induced ; therapy ; Humans ; Integrative Medicine

Objective: To study the influence of glucosidorum tripterygii tororum (GTT) and Mesalazine on the expression of IL-23, IL-17 and IL-12 in the colonic tissues of mice with rinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS)-induced acute colitis, and to study the possible mechanism. Methods: The C57BL/6 mice were divided into 4 groups, namely, a control group, a model group, a Mesalazine group and a GTT group. Colitis was induced by TNBS in the last 3 groups. The mice in the model group received no additional treatment; those in the GTT group received GTT daily by oral gavage 4 days before exposure to TNBS till the end of the experiment, and those in the Mesalazine group received Mesalazine enema solution daily 4 days before exposure till the end of the experiment. All the mice were sacrificed at 48 h after enema with TNBS. The macroscopic and histological scores of colon damage and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in colonic tissue were evaluated in every group. IL-23p19 and IL-17 contents in colonic tissues were measured by ELISA; the expression of IL-23p19, IL-17 and IL-12p35 mRNA in colonic tissues were examined by real-time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-FQ-PCR) with SYBR Green I. Results: Compared with the model group, GTT group and Mesalazine group had significantly lower macroscopic and histological scores and MPO activity (P<0.05). Expression of IL-23p19, IL-17 and IL-12p35 mRNA in the colonic tissues of the model group was significantly higher than that of the other 3 groups(P<0. 05); the expression of IL-23p19, IL-17 protein was significant higher in the model group than that in the other 3 groups (P<0. 05), with no significant difference found between the later 3 groups. Conclusion: GTT, like Mesalazine, can effectively inhibit inflammation in mice with TNBS-induced acute colitis through non-selectively inhibiting the expression of IL-23p19, IL-17 and IL-12p35.

Objective To investigate the effect of mild hypothermia on cerebral oxygen metabolism in a rat model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion and reperfusion. Methods Twelve healthy SD rats weighing 170-210 g were randomly divided into normal body temperature group (group NT, n = 6) and mild hypothermia group (group MH, n = 6). Arterio-venous fistula was established by end-to-end anastomosis between the right common carotid artery and right external jugular vein according to Yassari. Mild hypothermia was induced in group MH before reperfusion and maintained for 3 h. The rectal temperature was reduced to 32 ℃ while in group NT rectal temperature was maintained at about 37 ℃ . Cerebral blood perfusion (CBP) was assessed by using a lasser Doppler perfusion image system before reperfusion (T_1), immediately after reperfusion (T_2) and 24 h after reperfusion (T_3). Venous and arterial blood samples were collected from superior sagittal sinus and femoral artery respectively for blood gas analysis at T_(1-3) . Cerebral arterial venous O_2 saturation difference (Sa-vO_2), cerebral O_2 extraction rate (CERO_2) and cerebral arterial-venous lactic acid concentration difference ( Da-vL) were calculated. Results In NT group left CBP was significantly decreased at T_2 as compared with the baseline value at T_1 , while at T_3 bilateral CBP was decreased. In MH group bilateral CBP was significantly decreased at T_2 but returned to baseline level at T_3. CERO_2 was significantly decreased at T_2 as compared with the baseline value at T_1 in MH group. Da-vL was significantly increased at T_3 in NT group. Compared with group NT, bilateral CBP was significantly decreased, CERO_ and Da-vL were significantly decreased at T_2 ,while no significant change was found in Sa-vO_2 in group MH. Conclusion Mild hypothermia is beneficial for the balance of cerebral oxygen metabolism in the rats with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion and reperfusion.

Humans ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; Neurosurgery ; methods

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; blood ; complications ; diagnosis ; Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; Child ; Cough ; complications ; Fatal Outcome ; Fever ; complications ; HIV-1 ; immunology ; Humans ; Male