Phase Ⅱ metabolic enzymes play pivotal role in the biotransform and metabolism of exogenous substances, which might influence its ability of metabolism and detoxification to exogenous carcinogens.Polymorphism have been demonstrated in various phase Ⅱ metabolic enzymes and etiology studies showed that individuals exposed to the same environment could develop different susceptibility to tumorigenesis due to different metabolic enzyme polymorphism. Here, we summarized the effects of phase Ⅱ metabolic enzyme polymorphism on the risk of cancer.

Cardiomyopathy, Dilated ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Europe ; Humans ; United States

Objective To investigate the relationship between pulsed radiofrequency voltage and therapeutic effect on idiopathic trigeminalneuralgia. Methods 22 idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia patients treated with standard pulsed radiofrequency ineffectively and other 22 patientswith satisfactory effect were included. The pulsed radiofrequency voltage, electric resistance, stimulating voltage and postoperativecomplications were compared. Results Pulsed radiofrequency voltage in the effective group was more than that in ineffective group (P<0.01). More patients suffered from mild numbness in the pulsed radiofrequency effective group (P<0.01). Conclusion The pulsed radiofrequencyvoltage is an important factor affecting the therapeutic effect.

Objective: To analyze the clinical efficacy of Acarbose on type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with postprandial hypotension (PPH) in elderly patient. Methods: A total of 60 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and PPH who were diagnosed and treated at our hospital from July 2016 to December 2017 were enrolled in this study.Patients were given Acarbose intervention for two weeks.The changes of blood pressure, heart rate and blood glucose before and after treatment were monitored, and the therapeutic effects and side effects were evaluated. Results: After Acarbose intervention, postprandial systolic pressure (F=9.311, P=0.033), diastolic pressure (F=8.710, P=0.026) and mean arterial pressure (F=7.710, P=0.021) were decreased significantly in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and PPH by comparison with those before intervention.There was no significant difference in heart rate fluctuation(F=8.091, P=0.069)and in fasting blood glucose level(t=0.209, P=0.120)before and after treatment.The 2-hour postprandial blood glucose level was lower in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus and PPH after treatment of acarbose than before treatment [(7.9±0.9)mmol/L vs. (8.9±1.9)mmol/L, t=18.310, P=0.003]. The incidence rate of PPH was 100.0% before treatment, and decreased to 43.3% (26/60) after acarbose intervention (χ²=51.430, P=0.000). There were 5 patients with adverse reactions, and the incidence rate of adverse reactions was 8.3%(5/60), and no patients had cerebral ischemia. Conclusions Acarbose can alleviate postprandial blood pressure, decrease the fluctuation of postprandial blood glucose and reduce the incidence of PPH, which has a high safety.It may be one of the effective measures in treating diabetes mellitus combined with postprandial hypotension in the elderly.

Humans ; Language Development Disorders ; complications ; Presbycusis ; complications

Objective To examine ultrastructural features of the arteriole responsible for intracerebral hemorrhage or the perforating branches artery around hematoma in patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage and explore the mechanism of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage. Methods Twelve hypertensive patients with CT proved intracerebral hemorrhage underwent operation. The small artery specimens were obtained through cortex fistula and their ultrastructures were observed under the electron microscope. Results Twelve specimens including 4 cases of duty arteriolae and 8 cases of perforating branch arteriolae were collected, Different degrees of degeneration were observed in three layers of the arteriola in all 12 specimens. Changes in endothelial cells included endothelial cell necrosis, collapse, or fallen of from endomembrane, accompanied by degeneration of internal elastic membrane, such as uneven thickness, absence of intermittent and medial smooth muscle cell necrosis. Myofilaments in the cytoplasm were condensed to form a high electron-dense cytoplasm. No micro-aneurysm was observed. Conclusions The pathological changes of cerebral small artery walls load-bearing layer in hypertensive patients include internal elastic layer rupture, smooth muscle layer of degeneration, decreased elasticity and increased fragility. Small artery walls may rupture, resulting in bleeding under the condition of rapid dynamic changes of blood flow.

Objective To investigate effect of dexmedetomidine on postoperative analgesia pump dose and effect.Methods 50 cases of patients with abdominal surgery under general anesthesia were selected.According to the postoperative analgesic drugs were divided into control group and experimental group, 25 cases in each group were given corresponding drug treatment.After treatment, the visual analogue scale, comfort score, adverse reaction rate and dosage of analgesic drugs were detected and compared.Results Compared with the control group,the VAS score were lower(P <0.05),the BCS score were higher(P<0.05),the adverse reaction rate were lower(P<0.05),the dosage of analgesic pump were lower(P<0.05). Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can significantly reduce postoperative pain degree of patients, reduce the incidence of adverse reaction, reduce analgesic dosage of the drug pump.

Objective:To determine phenolphthalein illegally added into diet health products by Raman spectroscopy. Methods:Raman spectroscopy was used to determine phenolphthalein added into diet health products. The diet health products were extracted by suitable solvents, and then the extracting solution was measured by Raman spectroscopy. Results: A calibration curve was built and the analysis was performed on the samples with phenolphthalein at different concentrations. The results were accordance with the real added amount. Conclusion:With simple sample preprocessing method, Raman spectroscopy can be used in the fast detection of phe-nolphthalein illegally added into diet health products. The method is fast and simple with low cost, and can provide both qualitative and quantitative results. The detection limit is 1% for phenolphthalein in diet health products.

Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Consensus ; Humans

AIM: To evaluate the effects and safety of intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide ( TA ) or conbercept combined with macular laser grid photocoagulation in the treatment of macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion( RVO) . ·METHODS: Fifty cases ( 50 eyes ) with macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion were selected and assigned to 2 groups: intravitreal injection of TA or conbercept, and laser photocoagulation after 7d. Best corrected visual acuity ( BCVA ) , fundus examination, optical coherence tomography ( OCT ) and intraocular pressure ( IOP ) were examined before intravitreous injection and 14d, 1 and 3mo after laser, fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA) were examined 3mo after treatment. The postoperative results at each time point were compared with preoperative values. · RESULTS: Two kinds of treatment compared with preoperative, the BCVA all increased in various degrees. At 14d after intravitreous injection, 1 and 3mo after laser, the ratio of vision improved in TA group was 76%, 80%, 68%, conbercept group was 88%, 92%, 88%, BCVA of two groups in each period all had varying degrees of increase than preoperative. The best BCVA acquired at 1mo after treatment. The macular thickness after treatment was significantly lower than preoperative in two groups. At preoperative, 14d, 1 and 3mo after treatment, the macular thickness in TA group was 557. 5 ± 150. 9,301. 7±120. 1, 262. 7 ± 131. 2, 338. 1 ± 146. 5μm; the macular thickness in conbercept group was 569. 4 ± 135. 9, 282. 3 ± 133. 5, 259. 5 ± 116. 4, 307. 8 ± 122. 6μm. The macular thickness of the two groups were significantly different between preoperative and postoperative. · CONCLUSION: The combination of intravitreous injection of TA or conbercept with macular laser grid photocoagulation can be an effective method in the treatment of macular edema secondary to RVO, conbercept treatment is more effective and security.